• KIEAE Journal
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.21-28
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• 2014

To improve environmental problem as globally climate changes, domestic and foreign government have been trying to reduce green gas emitted by all industries. With making the green building certification system that assess the substantiality and energy performance of building, a governments have been using by a way for reducing green gas emitted in building industry. G-SEED(Green Standard for Energy & Environmental Design) developed in Korea have been reinforcing, and a number of projects certifying the G-SEED have been increasing continuously. As a demand of G-SEED certification is rising, a question on the additional cost data as certifying G-SEED is rising. It is because additional cost as getting the certification is important fact for G-SEED level decision and whether getting the certification or not. Therefore, this study analyzed additional construction cost as certifying G-SEED through performance improvement and design change of general office building not to get G-SEED. In conclusion, an additional construction cost ratio of G-SEED projects to the reference building is drawn as certified level; +0.26%, silver level; +2.29%, gold level; +3.89%, and platinum level; +5.48%.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.810-813
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• 1997

The objective of this research was to determine if leaf size (width and length) is correlated with seed size to the extent that leaf size can be used as a predictor of seed size in a population of soybean plants or lines. Twelve soybean strains, representing three distinct seed size groups, were analyzed. Data on seed size and leaf size of the 12 strains were obtained in 1994 and 1995 field experiments. Strain seed size was positively associated with leaf width (r=0.918) and leaf length (r=0.925). The results of our study indicate that there is a significant correlation between seed size and leaf size in soybean. It is possible that selection for greater seed size either leads to, or results from, greater leaf size.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.59-67
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• 2018

G-SEED's evaluation of existing buildings is an important point because the energy consumption and CO2 emissions of existing buildings are continuously increasing due to the aging of buildings over time. However, as G-SEED certification is concentrated on new buildings and the standards are not yet available, we will make improvements to evaluate the existing buildings of G-SEED. In order to improve G-SEED for EB, two research procedures were carried out. First, LEED EBOM and LEED for NC compare and analyze evaluation items and methods, and LEED EBOM focuses on evaluation of existing buildings. Second, we analyzed the certification evaluation contents of eight domestic LEED EBOM accredited buildings and obtained items that can be applied or need to be applied when revising G-SEED for EB. LEED EBOM is focused on improving the performance and utilization of data that track and manage the energy and environmental effects of building operations. As a result of the case analysis, the evaluation of G-SEED for EB requires quantitative evaluation items such as environmental management of buildings, energy performance status of building, improvement plan and improvement of performance according to tracking value. Although G-SEED for EB is not structured yet and there are few cases of certification, it is expected that quantitative evaluation of existing buildings will be made through continuous research.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2000.06b
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• pp.169-172
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• 2000

This paper describes design of cryptographic processor which can execute SEED, DES, and triple DES encryption algorithm. To satisfy flexible architecture and area-efficient structure, the processor has I unrolled loop structure with hardware sharing and can support four standard mode, such as ECB, CBC, CFB, and OFB modes. To reduce overhead of key computation, the precomputation technique is used. Also to eliminate increase of processing time due to data input and output time, background I/O technique is used which data input and output operation execute in parallel with encryption operation of cryptographic processor. The cryptographic processor is designed using 2.5V 0.25 $\mu\textrm{m}$ CMOS technology and consists of about 34.8K gates. Its peak performances is about 250 Mbps under 100 Mhz ECB SEED mode and 125 Mbps under 100 Mhz triple DES mode.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.07b
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• pp.1133-1136
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• 2003

This paper has been studied about the implemention of the data-encription processor and imformation security system. Also in the paper, the brief contents of the verification of the data-encryption algorithm and the method of using HDL-level sources implemented is described. And then this paper has been designed for multi-level data secure system to verify and analyze the data-encryption processor implemented as VHDL.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.782-789
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• 2013

Carrot (Daucus carota L. var. sativa) is one of the most widely used crops in the world and is nutritionally important crop. However, seed-hair which is generated in epidermal cell of seeds causes the difficulty of the seedling process, because of the seed germination and absorption inhibitions. For these reasons, carrot seeds are commercialized after mechanical hair removal process. However, in this process, various damage and seed loss occur and breeding of hairless-seed carrot cultivar is needed to overcome these various weaknesses and additional seed production costs. In this study, cDNA libraries using 2 combinations, which were composed of short-hair seed CT-ATR 615 OP 666-13 & long-hair seed CT-ATR 615 OP 671-9, and short-hair seed CT-SMR 616 OP 659-1 & long-hair seed CT-SMR 616 OP 677-14, were constructed and EST sequences of each individuals were analyzed to reveal carrot seed-hair characteristics. Firstly, analyzed EST sequences were classified into FunCat functional categories. As a result, significant differences have been identified in metabolism category, protein folding and stabilization, protein binding, C-compound binding category from both of two combinations. Secondly, several candidate EST sequences related to seed trichome differentiation and cellulose biosynthetic process were selected based on GO data of EST sequences. These differences based on FunCat categories and candidate EST obtained by GO data analysis are thought to be involved in the formation of carrot seed hair. Finally, 741 SSR sites and 33 SNP sites were identified from analyzed EST sequences of two combinations. Then we designed SNP and SSR primer sets to develop molecular markers. These molecular markers will be used for classification of carrot cultivars and study seed-hair characteristic.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.29-39
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• 1999

Current data on reproductive characters of endemic and native species are essential to provide a strategy for the conservation of these species. Red pine (Pinus densiflora Sieb. & Zucc.) is one of the dominant, native tree species in Korea, but its reproductive ecology is not well-known. In 1997, the pattern of variation in cone and seed yields contributing to the conservation of declining populations of red pines was examined. Plant height and dbh were measured, and several new cones were collected from each tagged tree after counting the number of cones on each tree. For a subset of cones sampled, the number of fertile scales, the number of seeds at three development stages (early/late aborted, and filled seed), seed wing size, wing color, and individual filled seed mass were measured. The three sites which differed significantly in mean plant size also differed in mean cone and seed production per plant. However further analyses showed that most variation in characters examined occurred among plants within sites, but not among sites. An average of 90% of the potential seeds on the cones aborted at an early developmental stage, demonstrating that early abortion is a major factor affecting the number of filled seeds per cone. Individual seed mass was the only character which exhibited significant variations among sites as well as among trees within sites. Individual seed mass was overall negatively correlated with both the percentage of late abortion and the number of old cones per plant, suggesting that both the past and current years' reproductive activities have caused variations in seed mass. The potential dispersal distance of red pine seeds is quite large. However, wing loading was correlated with seed mass and number in a complex pattern across the sites. Distribution of seeds with varied colored wings differed among sites and among trees within sites. These results suggest that red pines at different sites might possess different strategies to cope with selection pressures acting during the final phase of reproduction, from seed dispersal to establishment. Then the ‘fitted’ red pine trees at each site should be identified and managed to conserve or restore populations.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.59-66
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• 2014

G-SEED aims for establishing green environmental building with energy saving and has started for evaluating with multi-residential complex in 2002 by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure & Transport (MOLIT) and the Ministry of Environment to develop the current 10 building types and new & existing building types to be applied. Since G-SEED has been developed for more than 10 years, the strategy of globalization is needed with constant review itself and comparison between other assessments to understand current situation from the global perspectives. This study draws similarities and differences of G-SEED and LEED criteria by the comparison from re-constructed LEED criteria based on G-SEED. "Energy & Pollution" is the most concerned category in both assessments as the result of analysis on category rates. Next concerns are "Material & Resources", "Indoor Environment" and "Water Management". The unique categories in both criteria are "Ecological Environment" in G-SEED and "Innovation & Design Process" in LEED. The conclusion of this research is that two assessments are organized at different locations and with different strategies for developing green building but there are common concerns such as energy saving, material use, indoor environment. As a result, it is expected to use fundamental data for developing G-SEED for global standard.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2019.11a
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• pp.207-208
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• 2019

Currently, as the public interest for environmental issues has grown rapidly, the needs for G-SEED have also increased. However, as investment according to eco-friendly elements is inevitable to receive G-SEED certification, it is necessary to find out whether or not the sales price of apartments have increased compared to investment costs. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyze the sales price of apartments according to G-SEED by using T-test. To achieve the objective, First, variables affecting on the sales price of apartments are selected. Second, the data are collected by using GIS(Geographic Information System). Third, after testing the normality, a comparison analysis is conducted on the sales price between G-SEED certified and non-certified apartments by using T-test. As a result, it is concluded that G-SEED certified apartments are more expensive than non-certified apartments. In the future, these findings can be utilized to develop of apartments price calculation model based on the G-SEED.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.65 no.4
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• pp.339-345
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• 2020

Recently, abnormal weather conditions, such as extreme high temperatures and droughts, have increased in frequency due to climate change, there has accordingly been growing concern regarding the detrimental effects on field crop, including soybean. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the effects of increased temperatures on soybean growth and yield using a temperature gradient chamber (TGC). Two major types of soybean cultivar, a medium- seed cultivar such as Daepung-2 and a large-seed cultivar such as Daechan, were used and four temperature treatments, aT+1℃ (ambient temperature+1℃), aT+2℃ (ambient temperature+2℃), aT+3℃ (ambient temperature+3℃) and aT+4℃ (ambient temperature+4℃) were established to examine the growth response and seed yield of each cultivar. Seed yield showed a higher correlation with seed weight (r=0.713***) and an increase in temperature affected seed yield by reducing the single seed weight. In particular, the seed growth rate of the large-seed cultivar (Daechan) increased at high temperature, resulting in a reduction in the number of days for full maturity. Our results accordingly indicate that large-seed cultivar, such as Daechan, is potentially vulnerable to high temperature stress. The results of this study can be used as basic data in the development of cultivation technology to reduce the damage caused by elevated temperatures. Also, further research is required to evaluate the response of each process contributing to seed yield production under high temperatures.