• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.1338-1346
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• 2006

Ansamitocin P-3 is a potent antitumor agent produced by A. pretiosum. A deletion mutant of A. pretiosum was constructed by deleting the asm2 gene, a putative transcriptional repressor. The deletion mutant showed a 9-fold enhanced ansamitocin P-3 productivity. The response surface method with central composite design was employed to further optimize the culture medium composition for ansamitocin P-3 production by the deletion mutant. The concentrations of four medium ingredients, dextrin, maltose, cotton seed flour, and yeast extract, which have been reported as major components for ansamitocin production, were optimized through a series of flask culture experiments. The optimum concentrations of the selected factors were found to be dextrin 6.0%; maltose 3.0%; cotton seed flour 0.53%; and yeast extract 0.45%. The maximum titer of ansamitocin P-3 was 78.3 mg/l with the optimized composition, about 15-folds higher than the unoptimized titer of 5.0 mg/l obtained with YMG medium.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1992년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.97-100
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• 1992

The Degradation mechanism of the ZnO-varistor fabricated with the content of a 3-Composition seed grain is discussed using the method of Thermally Stimulated Current (TSC). The spectra of TSC is measured in the temperature range of -130～270$^{\circ}C$ with a various forming electric fields E$\sub$f/, temperature T$\sub$f/ time tf, and a various rising rate of temperature. It is observed that there are appeared the peaks of ${\alpha}$, ${\alpha}$$_2$, ${\beta}$ and ${\gamma}$from high temperature in a TSC spectrum. It seems that ${\alpha}$$_1$ peak is due to thermal depolarization of donor ions forming the space charge in the depletion layer, and ${\alpha}$$_2$peak is due to the detrapping of trapped electrons in deep trap level of intergranular layer, and ${\beta}$ peak is due to the thermal exciting of carrier existing in the donor level of grain itself, and ${\gamma}$ peak is due to the thermal exciting of trapped carrier in all shallow trap site randomly distributed in the inner of sample and/or a intrinsic impurity existing in it.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.861-882
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• 2000

The seed, or grain, of modern cultivars of Lupinus angustifolius, commonly known as Australian sweet lupins (ASL), is an established feed resource for the intensive animal industries of Australia, Japan, Korea and several other countries in Asia and Europe. Since the introduction of ASL to the world marketplace about 25 years ago, researchers in many countries have found them to be a valuable component of the diet of beef and dairy cattle, sheep, pigs, poultry, finfish and crustaceans. The seed of ASL contains ~32% crude protein (CP) (~35% DM basis) and 5% oil. The main storage carbohydrates in the seed are the ${\beta}$-galactans that comprise most of the cell-wall material of the kernel and the cellulose and hemicellulose of the thick seed coats. ASL seeds contain about 40% non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) and a negligible amount of starch. This makes them an excellent ingredient for ruminant diets, as the risk of acidosis is very low. The seed of modern cultivars of domesticated Lupinus species contain negligible amounts of lectins and trypsin inhibitors so they do not require preheating before being used as an ingredient in feeds for monogastric species. They have a high digestibility coefficient for protein, >90% for most species, but a low energy digestibility, ~60%, which is mostly due to the high content of NSP. The low content of methionine (0.22%) and of lysine (1.46%) is typical of the legumes. The lysine availability for pigs is >70%. Lupin kernels contain ~39% CP (~42% DM basis), 6% oil and 30% NSP. They have a higher digestible energy for pigs and finfish and a higher metabolisable energy for poultry than whole seed. Commercial operations rarely achieve complete separation of kernel from hull and it is more likely that the kernel fraction, called splits or meats, will contain ~36% CP. The replacement of soybean meal or peas with ASL in cereal-based diets for most intensively reared animals, birds and fish is possible provided lysine, methionine and digestible energy levels are kept constant. This makes ASL economically competitive in many, but not all, circumstances.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.75-85
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• 1979

The Korean origin sunflower (Helianthus Annus Linn.) seed of netural lipid were analysed by thinchrography, High performance liquid chromatography, preparative Thinlayer and Gas liquid chromatography. 1) The seed oil triglyceride components were conveniently separated based on their degree of unsaturation by employing the chromatography on silica gel sintered rod impregnated with 12.5% silver nitrate. Sunflower seed oil was composed of triglyceride, especially trilinolein 57. 74% triolein 25.28%, tripalmitin 7 55% ana tristearin 9.43% by a thinctrography. 2) The fatty acid compositions of seed oil have been determined by a high performance liquid chromatographic analysis using a ALC/GPC 244 type from Waters Association (Japan) with ${\mu}$ Bondapak FFAA column. It contained stearic acid 8.59%, oleic acid 27. 19%, palmitic acid 7.50% and linoleic acid 56.72% respectively. 3) The composition of sterols were determined by a preparative Thinlayer and Gas liquid chromatographic analysis. It was noted that sitosterol was the major sterol in the Korean sunflower seed. The results showed that contents of sterols were cholesterol trace, campesterol $13_.^{22\sim}13.9%$, stigmasterol $13.8{\sim}14.1%$, If, sitosterol $58.4{\sim}60.7%$, ${\vartriangle}^7$-stigmastenol $10.2{\sim}10.5%$ and ${\vartriangle}^{7,24(25)}$-stigmastenol $3.6{\sim}3.8%$ by method of planimetry and triangulation.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.788-794
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• 2010

Camellia sinensis L. (green tea) seed oils were prepared by roasting at $213^{\circ}C$ and pressing (RP), pressing (P), and nhexane extraction (H). The physico-chemical properties of the RP, P, and H samples, including fatty acid composition, color, and sensory characteristics were analyzed. RP, P and H samples were thermally oxidized at $180^{\circ}C$, and oxidative stability was determined by DPPH, CDA, and p-AV at 0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 min. Compared to the P and H samples, RP resulted in significantly higher thermal oxidative stability according to the DPPH, CDA, and p-AV results (p<0.05). The ratio of unsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids among RP, P, and H samples were significantly different (p<0.05). The oleic acid and linoleic acid contents in green tea seed oils were 58 and 23%, respectively. Hunter's color value of lightness (L) for the RP, P, and H samples was not significant. Redness (a) of RP was $3.47{\pm}0.119$ and yellowness (b) of H was $60.10{\pm}2.483$, which were significantly different. Compared to RP samples, H and P samples had the highest color and off-odor values in the sensory evaluation. RP samples showed the highest taste value and were significant overall (p<0.05). The thermal stability of RP extraction was more stable than any other method. Camellia sinensis L. seed oil extracted by RP had better sensory characteristics than other edible oils, including soybean oil, grape seed oil, and extra virgin olive oil.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.49-54
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• 2002

Korean safflower (Carthami Flos) seed has been known to have healing effects on both bone fracture and osteoporosis. On the base of such a notice, this experiment was carried out to explore the effects of safflower seed on bone formation and bone repair. In addition, the healing mechanism was evaluated by analysing serum after feeding the seed to experimental. animals. The effect of Korean safflower seed were evaluated with 40 rats,3-month old. Forty Sprague-Dawley rats composed of 20 male and 20 female were underwent unilateral tibial defect and then fastened with unilateral fixators. The operated rats were divided into two groups depending on the composition of diet, such as positive control group fed normal diet (C-OP group) and safflower seed group fed 30% of safflower seed diet and 70% of normal diet (S-OP group). Postoperative radiographys were taken once in 2 weeks to evaluate callus formation for operated groups. In addition, a possible protein spots involved in bone recovery were examined using 2-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis (2-DE). The comparison of the radiography between C-OP and S-OP group were showed that the safflower seed diet appeared to stimulate the formation of callus in the rat. On the images of 2-BE, it was able to identify possible five protein spots, having pl from 4 to 5 and molecular weight range from 24 to 26 kDa, involved in bone formation and repair, since no differing protein spots were found the two between groups except the five spots. No differences were observed between two groups before operation, but clear and bigger protein spots were observed from the S-OP group compared with C-OP group on 6 and 9 weeks post operation. These protein spots were, however, showed similar sizes and densities between two groups in 12 weeks later. The transformation of protein spots was suggested that these protein spots were involved in bone formation and recovery, in addition safflower seed might induce the formation of factors and activate these factors. In conclusion, this study suggest that safflower seed influence a variety of factors in the course of bone formation or the periods of remedy.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2006

본 연구는 중산간지(표고 450m)에서 한우 방목에 적합한 혼파조합을 선발하기 위한 시험으로 $2000{\sim}2001$년(2년간) 남원 운봉에서 혼파조합별 식생비율의 변화, 건물 및 TDN 생산성, 채식량, 사료가치 등을 조사 및 분석 시험하였다. 한우방목 1년차는 주 초종의 비율이 감소하며, 오차드그라스 위주 혼파조합은 44.9%, 페레니얼 라이그라스 위주 혼파조합은 27.6%, 티머시 위주 혼파조합은 40.9%, 이탈리안 라이그라스 위주 혼파조합은 40.7% 감소하였다. 그러나 켄터키 블루그라스와 톨 페스큐는 모든 처리구에서 증가하였다. 또한 이탈리안 라이그라스 위주 혼파조합은 초기생육이 왕성하여 식생비율이 가장 높았으며 방목 2년차에도 44.2%의 식생비율이 유지되었다. 그러나 티머시는 다른 초종에 비해 생육이 늦으며 건물수량도 낮았다. 년차별 평균 목초수량은 1년차 6,673kg, 2년차 10,177kg/ha로 2년차 평균 건물수량은 1년차 건물수량에 비해 53% 증수하였다. 혼파조합별 TDN은 오차드그라스 위주 혼파구 6,399kg/ha, 페레니얼 라이그라스 위주 혼파구 7,769kg/ha, 티머시 위주 혼파구 4,883kg/ha, 이탈리안 라이그라스 위주 혼파구 7,146kg/ha으로 방목초지에서 페레니얼 라이그라스 위주 혼파가 TDN 생산량이 높았으며, 건물 채식량에서는 이탈리안 라이그라스 위주 혼파구가 6,456kg/ha으로 페레니얼 라이그라스 위주 혼파구 6,375kg/ha과 대등하였다. 따라서 한우 육성우 방목에 적합한 혼파조합은 페레니얼 라이그라스 위주 혼파가 오차드그리스. 티머시, 이탈리안 라이그라스 위주 혼파 보다 건물생산량, TDN, 건물 섭취량으로 종합하여 비교할 때 방목적응성이 높은 혼파조합으로 나타났다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.971-975
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• 2007

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the feeding values of red pepper seed oil meal (RPSOM) and to investigate its dietary supplementation on broiler performances. In Exp. 1, nutritional values of RPSOM were evaluated by analyzing chemical composition and determining true metabolizable energy (TME), nitrogen corrected TME (TMEn) and true available amino acid (TAAA). RPSOM contained 22.50% of CP, 4.75% of ether extract, 27.70% of crude fiber, 4.73% of crude ash and 49.97 ppm of xanthophylls. The contents of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin were 34 mg and 31 mg/100 g DM, respectively. The values of TME and TMEn determined by force-feeding 16 roosters were 1.73 kcal/g and 1.63 kcal/g DM, respectively. The average TAAA value of 17 amino acids was 85.22%. In Exp. 2, a total of 225 Ross male broiler chicks, 3 weeks old, were randomly divided into 9 groups of 25 birds each and assigned to three experimental diets containing 0 (control), 5 or 10% RPSOM fed ad libitum for 3 weeks. No significant differences were observed in growth performances and carcass characteristics. The level of serum cholesterol in the 10% RPSOM group was significantly lower than that of the control group (113.92 vs. 137.50 mg/dl). The dietary RPSOM at 5 and 10% levels increased the content of C18:2 ${\omega}{\sigma}$ in leg muscle compared with the control group. The results suggested that RPSOM can be included into broiler feed up to 10% without any negative effects on broiler performances and physiological responses and used as a non-conventional plant protein source, if its nutritional values are well evaluated.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.196-204
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• 2007

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of dietary oils on the levels of the ${\gamma}-linolenic$ acid in chicken meat lipids. Three hundred ten five, 1-d old, male, Ross strain, broiler chicks were fed for 35 d to compare diets containing evening primrose oil(EPO) and hemp seed oil(HO) to a control diet. Fatty acid composition of lipid from chicken skin, thigh and breast muscle were determined at the end of the trial. The level of ${\gamma}-linolenic$ acid of lipids from chicken meat fed diets containing EPO or HO was significantly higher than that of the control group(p<0.05). The level of ${\gamma}-linolenic$ acid of lipids from chicken skin was highest in the group, which had been fed the EPO 0.85%, followed in order by EPO 0.7%, 0.5%, EPO mixed oil, HO and HO mixed oil. There was a significant difference in the level of ${\gamma}-linolenic$ acid of chicken skin between the control and treatment groups(p<0.05). The level of ${\gamma}-linolenic$ acid of lipids from chicken thigh muscle was also similar to skin, and significantly higher than that of the control group(p<0.05). The level of ${\gamma}-linolenic$ acid of lipids from chicken breast muscle was highest in the group, which had been fed the EPO 0.5%, followed in order by EPO 0.7%, 0.85%, HO 0.5% and HO mixed oil. There was a significant difference in the level of ${\gamma}-linolenic$ acid of chicken breast muscle between the control and treatment groups(p<0.05).

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.41-46
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• 1977

1. 무환자(無患子)나무종자중(種字中)의 유지함량(油脂含量)은 45.7%로서 콩, 참깨, 땅콩에 비해서 많은 편에 속한다. 2. 지방산(脂肪酸)은 Oleic acid(61.6%)와 Gadoleic acid(20.4%)로서 주요성분(主要成分)을 이루고 있고 monoene산(酸)이 전체지방산(全體脂肪酸)의 82%를 차지하고 있는것이 특징적(特徵的)이다. 3. Amino산조성(酸組成)은 Glutamic acid의 함량(含量)이 6.673%로서 가장높고 대체적으로 필수(必須) amino산(酸)인 Isoleucine(1.255%), Leucine(2.145%), Lysine(2.191%), Phenylalanine(1.536%), Threonine(1.171%), Valine(1.772%)등이 함량(含量)이 높았다. 4. Sterol조성(組成)은 4-desmethyl sterol, 4-monomethyl sterol fraction에서 다 같이 일반고등식물중(一般高等植物中) 성분(成分)과 대차(大差)가 없었으며 단지 4-monomethyl sterol fraction에 있는 RRT 1.27(31.5%)의 미동정물질(未同定物質)이 있다는 것이 특이(特異)하였다.