• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.69-83
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• 1999

The permeability of converter slag, replacing material of sand mat on improving soft clay foundation, was evaluated in the laboratory. The effects of grain size, flow water time and aging were investigated using sea and fresh water. In the case of converter slag submerged with fresh water, the coefficients of permeability in A and B samples less than 10 mm grain sizes were measured as $6.52\times10^{-2}cm\; per\; sec\; and\; 5.99\times10^{-1}/cm$ per sec respectively, while they were $1.88\times10^{-2}/cm\; per\; sec,\; 3.86\times10^{-1}/cm$ per sec respectively under sea water condition. Also, the condition of turbulent flow may exit and was experimentally identified from the relationship between hydraulic gradient and seepage velocity. After 100 days under sea water condition, the coefficients of permeability of A and B samples decreased ten times than initial values. The reduction of permeability coefficient was considered to result from the filling of voids in high-calcium quicklime(CaO).

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.89-96
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Ga-Al-As (Gallium-Aluminum-Arsenid) laser radiation on the tail-flick latency in rat. Thirty Sprague-Dawley male and female rats Were divided into five groups : that is control, laser 15sec radiation, laser 30sec radiation, laser 60sec radiation, and Tramadol Hcl injection groups. The continuous Ga-Al-As laser with, wave length 780-830nm and diameter of probe in the 3mm, averse output of 100mw radiation was applied to the meridian point(Gv 1 : Governing vessel) of the rats. Tail-flick latency were measured with hot plate at $55^{\circ}C$ : before treatment and immediately, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 24 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours after treatment. The result were as follows ; 1. The tail-flick latency according to time varition, control group was not significance. 2. The tail-flick latency according to time varition, laser 15 sec irradiate rats in post-treared was significance(P<0.05). 3. The tail-flick latency according to time varition, laser 30 sec irradiate rats group was not significance. 4. The tail-flick latency according to time varition, laser 60 sec irradiate rats in post 30 minute was significance(P<0.05). 5. The tail-flick latency according to time varition, Tramadol Hcl injection rats in post-treated (P<0.05), post 30 minute(P<0.05), post 60 minute (P<0.01) and 2 hour(P<0.05) was significance. This study suggest that Ga-Al-As (Gallium-Aluminum-Arsenid) laser applied to meridian point of the rat with 15 sec, 30 sec, and 60 set radiation could induc no analgesic effect, but Tramadol Hcl injection rat is good analgesic effect.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.219-223
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 수문변화 지표법을 적용하여 11개 주요 다목적댐의 월 유량 크기, 연 최소 대유량 크기와 지속기간, 고 저맥파 빈도와 주기, 수문곡선 변화 비율과 빈도를 분석하였다. 월 유량변화 분석 결과, 갈수기에 해당하는 10월부터 다음 해의 6월까지는 유입량이 $6.38\;m^3/sec{\sim}39.84\;m^3/sec$이었으나, 방류량은 $20.36\;m^3/sec{\sim}49.43\;m^3/sec$로 $1.84%{\sim}200.98%$까지 증가하였다. 우기철인 7월부터 9월까지는 유입량이 $79.06\;m^3/sec{\sim}137.12\;m^3/sec$이었으나, 방류량은 $65.32\;m^3/sec{\sim}80.16\;m^3/sec$로 $18.19%{\sim}40.39%$가 감소하였다. 년 최소 최대 유량변화 분석 결과는 1일 최소유량이 $82.86%{\sim}2,950%$까지 증가하였으며, 년 최소 및 최대 유량변화는 1일 최소유량은 $82.86%{\sim}2,950%$까지 증가하였으나, 1일 최대유량은 $34.78%{\sim}83.96%$까지 감소하였다. 고 저맥파의 빈도와 주기의 분석 결과, 저맥파의 발생 횟수는 댐 조절후 $29.67%{\sim}99.07%$가 감소하였으며, 고맥파의 발생횟수도 $4.6%{\sim}92.35%$가 감소하였다. 수문곡선 변화 비율과 빈도의 분석 결과 상승률은 $15.84%{\sim}79.31%$가 감소하였으며, 하강율은 $1.97%{\sim}107.10%$가 감소하였다. 유량변화정도 분석 결과는 1일 최소유량은 $0.60{\sim}2.67$ 증가하였으며, 1일 최대유량은 $0.50{\sim}1.00$으로 감소하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.227-234
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• 1977

The reaction of phenylhydrazine with bromine in sulfuric acid solution has been studied kinetically. The pseudo-second-order rate constant is approximately inversely proportional to hydrogen-ion concentration when the concentration of sulfuric acid is lower than 1M. arom the study of the effect of potassium bromide concentration on the rate constant, it is concluded that both neutral bromine and tribromide ion participate in the reaction, the rate constants in 0.01M $H_2SO_4$ being $5{\times}10^5M^{-1},sec^{-1}\;and\;0. 7{\times}10^5M^{-1},sec^{-1}$, respectively at $20^{\circ}C$. The pseudo-second-order rate constant of 2.4-dinitrophenylhydrazine-bromine reaction is independent of hydrogen ion concentration. From the KBr addition experiment, the rate constants for $Br_2\;and\;Br_3^-$ were obtained as $1.2{\times}10^5M^{-1},sec^{-1}\;and\;2.0{\times}10^4M^{-1},sec^{-1}$, respectively.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2001

The proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA) method is an effective way of measuring the regurgitant blood flow rate in the mitral valve. This method defines the modelling required to describe the geometry of the isotach of the PISA. In the normal PISA flow model, the flow rate is calculated assuming that the surface of the isotach is either hemispherical or non-hemispherical numerically. However, this paper evaluated the estimate flow rate using a direct surface subdivision flow model based on the height field after isotach extraction using a region-based scheme. To validate the proposed method, the various PISA flow models were compared using pusatile color Doppler images with flow rates ranging from $30\;cm^3/sec\;to\;60\;cm^3/sec$ flow rate. Whereas the hemispherical flow model had a mean value of $29\;cm^3/sec$ and underestimated the measured flow rate by 35%, the proposed model and non-hemispherical model produced a c;ame mean value of $45\;cm^3/sec$, moreover, both flow models produced a similar pulsatile flow rate.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.73-77
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• 2002

The Sec61 trimeric complex ($\alpha$,$\beta$, and ${\gamma}$ subunits) is one of the Sec-complex responsible for post-translational protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane in diverse organisms. In this study, a cDNA encoding the Sec61p ${\gamma}$ subunit homologue was isolated from the cDNA library of the mole cricket, Gryllotalpa orientalis. Sequence analysis of a 442-bp cDNA clone showed it to contain an open reading frame of 68 amino acid residues consisted of 204-bp. The homologues of the gene were found in the GenBank database in a diverse organism including insect, mammals, fungi, and plants. The deduced amino acid sequence of Sec61p ${\gamma}$ subunit homologue of the mole cricket showed the highest homology to the gene of the singly known insect, Drosophila melanogester (93% identity), and the least homology to that of the baker's yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae (37.2%). Phylogenetic analysis also confirmed a close relationship between the insect Sec61p ${\gamma}$ subunit homologues of G. orientalis and D. melanogester. Hydropathy analysis of the cricket mole and published other data suggested that the hydrophobic segment close to C-terminus is predicted to be the putative membrane anchor, Multiple alignment of the Sec61p ${\gamma}$ subunit homologue among several organisms showed the presence of several conserved domains including the conserved proline at position 28.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.30 no.4A
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• pp.233-240
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• 2005

In this paper, we have shown the gain recovery time of erbium-doped fiber amplifier(EDFA) in WDM add/drop networks can be reduced to less than $3\mu$sec by employing disturbance observer technique with PID controller which is based on 3-level EBFA model. The $3\mu$sec transient time is the fastest one ever reported and it is about $1\%$ of $250\mu$sec previously obtained from disturbance observer technique with PI controller which was based on 2-level EDFA model and it is also less than $200\mu$sec of commercially available EDFAs for WDM networks. We were able to obtain this result by analyzing various system characteristics as we change the parameters of disturbance observer and PID controller. If this result is applied to a commercial product, the product will do an important role in the future dynamic WDM networks.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.151-157
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• 1985

Events detected by the KIER microearthquake network operated in the Southern Part of Korea for 265 days in 1982~1984 were reviewed, and some of them were identified to be a dynamite explosion from several construction sites. The purpose of the present work is to determine the crustal structure of the Southern Korea using the time-destance data obtained from such explosion seismic records. The time·distance data can be well explained by a crustal model composed of four horizontal layers of which thickness, p and s-wave velocity ($V_p$ and $V_s$) are characterized as follows. 1st layer (surface) ; 0~2km, $V_p=5.5km/sec$, $V_s=3.3km/sec$ 2nd layer (upper crust) ; 2~15km, $V_p=6.0km/sec$, $V_s=3.5km/sec$ 3rd layer (lower crust) ; 15~29km, $V_p=6.6km/sec$, $V_s=3.7km/sec$ 4th layer (upper mantle) ; 29km~ , $V_p=7.7km/sec$, $V_s=4.3km/sec$ The relatively shallow crust·mantle boundary and low $P_n$ velocity compared with the mean values for stable intraplate region are noteworthy. Supposedely, it is responsible for the high heat flow in the South-eastern Korea or an anomalous subterranean mantle. The mean $V_p/V_s$ ratio calculated from the relation between p-wave arrival and s-p arrival times appears to be 1.735 which is nearly equivalent to the elastic medium of ${\lambda}={\mu}$. However, the ratio tends to be slightly larger with the depth. The ratio is rather high compared with that of the adjacent Japanese Island, and the fact suggests that the underlying crust and upper mantle in this region are more ductile and hence the earthquake occurrences are apt to be interrupted. As an alternative curstal model, a seismic velocity structure in which velocities are successively increased with the depth is also proposed by the inversion of the time·distance data. With the velocity profile, it is possible to calculate a travel time table which is appropriate to determine the earthquake parameters for the local events.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.351-355
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine how stimulation using Russian current changes isokinetic exercise performance of quadriceps muscle and its antagonist muscles. Methods: Subjects were 20 20-year-old healthy adults who were instructed in the flexion to extension of knees in angular velocity $60^{\circ}/sec$ and $180^{\circ}/sec$ using a Biodex (Biodex system 3). We measured the difference in muscle performance between the Russian current stimulated at the same time during the flexion to extension of knees and not stimulated. Results: The results showed that when Russian current stimulation was applied at the angular velocity $60^{\circ}/sec$, the flexed and extended muscles and the angular velocity $180^{\circ}/sec$ increased significantly, but the peak torque of flexing muscles at the angular velocity $180^{\circ}/sec$ did not increase. Conclusion: These findings suggest that Russian current stimulation with isokinetic exercise of the knee joint could affect the quadriceps muscle and its antagonist muscle performance of muscle strength and endurance.

• MALSORI
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• no.46
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• pp.159-174
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• 2003

K-SEC (Korean-Spoken English Corpus) is a kind of speech database that is being under construction by the authors of this paper This article discusses the needs of the K-SEC from various academic disciplines and industrial circles, and it introduces the characteristics of the K-SEC design, its catalogues and contents of the recorded database, exemplifying what are being considered from both Korean and English languages' phonetics and phonologies. The K-SEC can be marked as a beginning of a parallel speech corpus, and it is suggested that a similar corpus should be enlarged for the future advancements of the experimental phonetics and the speech information technology.