• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제12권3_4호
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• pp.67-73
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• 1997

This study was carried out to investigate the contents of heavy metals such as iron, copper, lead, cadmium, magnesium, platium in connection with water pollution in sea weed (dried laver) collected from the west, south, south- west, and east coasts of Korea. The results of the study are as follows; Iron was shown the highest value (1.280ppm) in the wild laver from the south coast. Copper was detected in larger qauntities (0.169 ppm) in green laver than in any other kinds of laver observed in this study. Lead was detected in larger quantities (0.195ppm) in the usual laver and green laver from the south-west coast as compared with the other coasts. Although cadmium and platium was also detected from every kind of laver, the concentrations were not over the allowance of the residual.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.538-542
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• 2011

The research was purposed production of oligosaccharide from alginate hydrolysis the main composition in cell walls of sea weed. We was isolated 252 strains from sea water and mud flat, the highest alginate lyase activity was selected, and identified as Sanguibacter keddieii NC9 by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. In this study was select the sodium alginate concentration, pH, temperature for the production of alginate lyase activity. Alginate lyase activity was confirmed from plate assay with 10% cetylpyridinium chloride. The optimum culture conditions for the production of alginate lyase were sodium alginate 10 g/L, peptone 5 g/L, $40^{\circ}C$, pH 9 and 36 hours incubation time. Sanguibacter keddieii NC9, its alginate lyase would be useful for the production of bioenergy and biofunctional oligosaccharides from sea weed.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.83-92
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• 1990

강원도지방(江原道地方)의 잡초(雜草)의 종류(種類), 발생시기(發生時期)m, 발생량(發生量) 및 분포(分布)를 조사(調査)하여 잡초방제(雜草防除)의 기초자료(基礎資料)를 얻기 위하여 평야지(平野地)인 표고(標高) 74m인 춘천(春川), 중산간지(中山間地)인 표고(標高) 300m의 홍천(洪川), 산간고냉지대(山間高冷地帶)인 표고(標高) 450m의 횡성(橫城), 영동해안지대(嶺東海岸地帶)인 표고(標高) 14m의 명주(溟州) 등(等) 4개(個) 지대(地帶) 4개(個) 장소(場所)에서 벼를 이앙후(移秧後) 10일(日)부터 60일(日)까지 10일(日) 간격(間隔)으로 6회(回)를 시기별(時期別)로 잡초(雜草)를 조사(調査)하고 경합시기(競合時期) 수량(收量)을 조사(調査), 그 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 지역별(地域別) 잡초발생잡초종수(雜草發生雜草種數)는 춘천(春川) 8과(科) 12종(種), 홍천(洪川) 10과(科) 16종(種), 횡성(橫城) 7과(科) 12종(種), 명주(溟州) 10과(科) 14종(種)이었고 분포비율(分布比率)은 각(各) 지대(地帶) 공(共)히 광엽잡초(廣葉雜草), 방동사니(科) 화본과(禾本科) 순(順)이었다. 2. 잡초(雜草)의 종류(種類)는 각(各) 지대(地帶) 공(共)히 화본과(禾本科)는 미미(微微)하였으나 광엽잡초류(廣葉雜草類)는 벗풀, 마디꽃, 밭뚝외풀, 올미, 여뀌, 가래, 물달개비 등(等)이었고 방동사니과(科)는 너도방동사니, 올챙고랭이, 올방개, 매자기 등(等)이었고 그 외(外) 닭이장풀, 중대가리풀, 곡정초 등(等)도 발생(發生)하였다. 3. 지대별(地帶別) 우점초종(優占草種)은 지역간(地域間) 다소(多少) 차이(差異)가 있었으나 대부분(大部分)이 다년생잡초(多年生雜草)인 너도방동사니, 올방개, 벗풀, 올미 등(等)이었다. 4. 잡초발생시기(雜草發生時期)는 명주(溟州)는 이앙후(移秧後) 10일(日)부터 발생(發生)하였으나 그 외(外) 지역(地域)은 이앙후(移秧後) 20일경(日頃)부터 시작(始作)하였다. 5. 지대별(地帶別) 잡초발생량(雜草發生量)은 춘천지방(春川地方)이 가장 많았고 횡성지방(橫城地方)이 제일 적었으나 춘천(春川)과 명주(溟州)는 이앙후(移秧後) 30~60일(日), 홍천(洪川)과 횡성(橫城)은 이앙후(移秧後) 40~60일(日) 사이에 가장 많았다. 6. 잡초(雜草)와 벼의 경합기간중(競合期間中) 지대별(地帶別)로 간장(稈長) 2~4cm, 수수(穗數)는 주당(株當) 1.3~2.9개(個), 수당입수(穗當粒數)는 3.3~7.5입(粒)이, 등숙비율(登熟比率)은 3.3~6.5% 감소(減少)되었으며 천립중(千粒重)도 정도(程度)임 미미(微微)하였으나 감소(減少)의 경향(傾向)이었다. 7. 잡초(雜草)와의 경합기간(競合期間)이 길어질수록 벼 수량(收量)도 12~17%정도(程度) 감수(減收) 되었다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.59-62
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• 2002

Dokdo, which is located in the middle of the East Sea, is a small island tilth a total area of 0.186 $\textrm{km}^2$. However, this small island, with its mild oceanic climate, has rich bio-resources and picturesque natural surroundings. Dokdo in the crystaline waters and In the central area of the deep sea is a treasury of algaes (sea oak, sea mustard, gulf weed, laver, agar-agar, etc.), molluscs (squid, ear shell, conch, etc.) and fishes (Alaska pollack, anchovy, saucy, herring, etc.). On the other hand, there are a lot of grasses and various kinds of grasses on the land of Dokdo. And a lot of back-tailed gulls (about 20,000 Individuals) live on this island. There have been disputes on the sovereignty over Dokdo between Korea and Japan. Japan has claimed sovereignty over Dokdo since Japan incorporated the island into Japanese territory in 1905 when it occupied the Korean Peninsula by force. Korea governed Dokdo not only before 1905 but also after its liberation in 1945. The Korean government, while heavily financing building facilities like pleas and quays, is endeavoring to preserve the natural surroundings of this island.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.223-229
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• 2010

Fucoidans, polysaccharides that are composed of fucose, uronic acids, galactose and xylose, are one of the main constituents of brown seaweeds. For the past decade algal fucoidans have been extensively studied due to their biological activities including anticoagulant, antiinflammatory, antitumor, contraceptive and antiviral activities. Even though fucoidan is known as a highly functionality derivative, its industrial applications have been limited because of low inclusion efficiency and high cost of manufacturing. Furthermore the sea-weed smell of fucoidan has been a limiting factor for the application especially in food and cosmetic area. The potential application of various extraction technology and deodorization of sea-weed smell is highly required for a wider application of fucoidan. As an alternative extraction process, enzymatic hydrolysis process or ultra-high pressure treatment has been investigated for the improvement of production yield and bioefficacy of fucoidan. More intensive research on the fucoidan production technology and its application in nutraceutical and cosmoceutical area is needed.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.327-331
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• 2006

Zingiber officinale and Hizikia fusiforme(sea weed fusiforme) have long been used for food sources in Korea. The present study was performed to investigate the ex vivo effect of Zingiber officinale and Hizikia fusiforme on NO production in macrophage of mice. Seven to eight week old mices(Balb/c) were fed chew diet ad libitum and water extract of Zingiber officinale and Hizikia fusiforme was administrated orally at two different concentrations (50 and 500 mg/kg B.W.). every other day for two or four weeks NO(nitric oxide) production by activated macrophage was assessed by measuring nitrite, the stable NO metabolite, using Griess reaction assay. NO production were significantly enhanced in Zingiber officinale group at 500 mg/kg B.W. and in Hizikia fusiforme group at 50 mg/kg B.W. compared to the coresponding control groups. In conclusion, this study may suggest that Zingiber officinale and Hizikia fusiforme(sea weed fusiforme) extracts enhance the immune function by regulating NO production in macrophages of mice.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1998

식용갈조류 4종 (미역, 다시마, 모자반 및 톳)을 수확기에 부산근교에서 채취하여 채취월별로 알긴산의 조성, M/G의 비, 그리고 분자량을 각각 분석$\cdot$검토하였다. 시료 갈조류의 알긴산 함량은 생육기간에 비례하였으며, 대체로 수용성 알긴산에 비하여 알칼리가용성 알긴산을 훨씬 많이 함유하였다. 갈조류 알긴산의 블록조성을 보면, G-블록에 대한 M-블록의 비는 수용성 알긴산이 대체로 높은 비율을 보였으며, 이러한 결과는 미역에서 특히 현저하였다. 4종 갈조류 함유 알긴산의 분자량은 다시마 알긴산이 $4,500\~4,800kDa$로 가장 컸고, 다음이 미역 알긴산의 $4,000\~4,200$, 톳 알긴산 $3,300\~3,400kDa$ 및 모자반 알긴산 $3,000\~3,200kDa$이었으며, 모두 생육기간이 길수록 분자량도 점차 커졌다. 미역의 줄기, 잎, 그리고 포자잎을 취하여 알긴산의 조성을 부위별로 비교하면, 포자잎부분은 수용성알긴산을 많이 함유하였고, M/G의 비도 4.59로서 가장 높았다. 그리고 분자량은 포자잎부분과 줄기부분이 $4,100\~4,200kDa$ 정도로 비슷하였고, 잎부분은 $4,000\~4,100kDa$ 정도로서 약간 작았다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.90-93
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• 2006

Innate defence mechanism in plants can be triggered and enhanced by certain agents, referred as inducers against broad range of pathogens. In the present study, Dravya (a sea weed extract) was highly compatible with commonly available synthetic fungicides, Bavistin and Dithane M-45. Incidence of Alternaria padwickii and Bipolaris oryzae was also reduced to a greater extent in the paddy seed samples in Dravya treatment. Dravya also enhanced the seed germination and seedling vigour. Seedlings of treated samples also showed enhanced activity of peroxidase upon challenge inoculation with Alternaria padwickii. The enzyme activity was two fold high after the inoculation of pathogen. The suppression in disease incidence in growing plants indicated the promising effect of Dravya and Dithane M-45 under green-house condition.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.331-338
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• 1996

The main aim of this study was to develop carrot soups with fishery products, which is improved from traditional gruel of Cheju island. For this the optimal procedure and ingredient mixing ratio for making basic carrot soup was determined through the instrumental measurement, the sensory evaluation and the nutrient analysis, and then the carrot-fishery soups were prepared by mixing the fishery products from Cheju island. The results were as follows: The optimal procedure for making basic carrot soup was to saute the sliced carrots and soaked rices with the sesame oil for 5 min, add the water, bring to a boil for 6 min, simmer for 15 min, then puree the soup. The optimal ingredient mixing ratio in the basic carrot soup was carrot 300 g: rice 45 g: water 900 $m\ell$: sesame oil 15 $m\ell$: salt 5 g. For preparing carrot-fishery soups were the optimal fishery products mixing ratio i) 30% tile fish or crab, ii) prawn, abalone, top shell, or ear shell 20%, iii) sea urchin 15%, iv) fusiform or gulf weed 5％. The order of sensory evaluation scores, on a 5-point scale, were sea urchin, crab > top shell, tile fish > abalone, ear shell > prawn > coral fish > fusiform, gulf weed. Nutrient composition analysis showed that vitamin A was 5 times higher in carrot soup than in pumpkin soup. Sensory evaluation scores show that carrot soup was prepared to pumpkin soup. A portion (200 g) of the soup would provide 144% of the recommended daily allowance of vitamin A. The results of this work indicate that an acceptable carrot-fishery soups of better nutritional and sensory values than pumpkin soup can be prepared.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.54-61
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• 2018

Zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp.) exists spotly in Indonesia and it has potential to be used in parks, golf courses, and football fields. Many football fields and golf course fairways use sand as top soil over native soil. This study aims to analyze growth and quality of two native zoysiagrasses Zis and Zim. Zis is a native zoysiagrass collected in sea-side and Zim is a native zoysiagrass collected in mountain area. Both types of zoysiagrasses were planted at field with altitude of 300 m with various growing media mixes of sand and reservoir's sediment. Thickness of the growing medium was 10 cm over an alfisol clay soil. Experimental plots were constructed using factorial completely randomized design with two native zoysiagrasses and 5 types of growing media. Two ecotypes of native zoysiagrasses showed different in growth habits combined with mixtures of growth media. Zim showed higher growing speed including more vigor with uniformity and texture than Zis. There were not significanthly differences on leaf color and root length between two ecotypes of native zoysiagrasses collected in Indonesia.