• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2007

This study is intended to examine the relationship between the magnitude of sand spit in the estuary of the stream and improvement of the quality of water that flaws into the sea, by means of hydraulic experimentation. In order to determine the effect of improvements of water quality when river flow is stagnant, the estuary flows into the sea through the small sand spit, and a two-dimensional physical model experiment was carried out. Distribution of concentration was decreased in response to an increase in length of sand spit and time. The experimental results are compared with theoretical results, based on the solution of the equation. Also, there are functions of influx prevention of salt wedge and purification of pollution water due to sand spit in small estuary.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지구물리탐사학회 2008년도 공동학술대회
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• pp.37-40
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• 2008

준설해사를 이용하여 성토된 방조제 제체 매질에서 채취한 시료에 대하여 전기비저항을 실측하였으며, 소형루프 전자탐사의 1차원 역산 자료를 비교 분석한 결과 높은 상관성이 나타남을 확인하였다. 이러한 소형루프 전자탐사결과를 콘관입시험 결과와 비교하여, 비저항값과 콘저항치와의 상관성을 분석하였다. 분석 결과 준설해사로 성토된 방조제의 경우 1 ohm-m 이하의 비저항값이 나타나는 구간과 콘저항치가 50 $kgf/cm^2$ 이하로 매우 낮은 값을 나타내는 구간이 일치하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 향후 준설해사로 성토된 방조제의 경우 정기적인 비저항 모니터링의 결과를 활용한 유지 관리 업무에 활용이 가능한 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.1180-1185
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• 2006

오염된 퇴적물로부터 인 용출 저감을 위한 최적의 capping 소재를 개발하기 위해 lab-scale 실험을 25 L 아크릴 컬럼을 이용하여 실시하였다. 실험에 사용된 퇴적물 내 입도는 8.8 $\Phi$로 매우 세립한 clay로 조성되어 있으며, 유기탄소 함량($C_{org}$)은 2%로 높다. Batch 실험에 사용된 capping 소재는 Brucite($Mg(OH)_2$), Sea sand($SiO_2$), Granular-gypsum($CaSO_4{\cdot}2H_2O$), Double layer(brucite+sand)와 Control을 30일 동안 비교 평가하였다. 실험기간 동안 용출된 인의 flux는 14.6 $mg{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}d^{-1}$, 9.5 $mg{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}d^{-1}$, 5.2 $mg{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}d^{-1}$, 4.2 $mg{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}d^{-1}$, 3.1 $mg{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}d^{-1}$로 Control>Sea sand>Granular-gypsum>Double layer>Brucite 순으로 각각 나타났다. Brucite를 적용한 컬럼의 경우, 인 용출 제어 효율이 70% 이상 높게 나타났으며, Sea sand를 적용한 경우에는 35%의 효율만을 보였다. 특히, Brucite를 적용한 컬럼의 표층 퇴적물내 pH는 $8.0{\sim}9.5$로 다소 높게 유지되었으며, 이러한 효과는 퇴적물을 약알카리성으로 유지하여 황산염환원균이 증식할 수 없는 환경을 조성하여 생물에 독성이 있는 $H_2S$ 발생을 억제시킬 수 있다. Gypsum을 적용할 경우, 퇴적물내 빠른 초기 속성화작용의 진행과 충분한 $SO_4^{2-}$-의 공급으로 methanogenesis 진행를 저하시킬 수 있다. 따라서 Brucite와 Gypsum을 적용할 경우, 퇴적물 내 인의 존재형태가 광물(mineral)의 형태인 $Mg_5(OH)(PO_4)_3$, pyrite, apatite-mineral의 형태로 진행되어 퇴적물로부터 인의 용출을 줄일 수 있다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.54-60
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• 2006

This study discusses characteristic of spatiotemporal changes of the sand barrier in the Nakdong estuarine for the last century, focusing on geomarphologic evolution and mobility of sand barriers in the view of coastal engineering. The Nakdong estuarine, the research subject, has a complexly changing natural environment by interaction between ground and marine elements such as ocean wave, tidal current, sediment, etc. Moreover, recently, unnatural geomorphologic changes (e.g., seaside reclamation, new harbor construction, etc.) has been radically increased in this area with increasing desire for coastal development. Because of this, its sand barrier has developed quite unstable condition. Therefore, to identify the development process of geomorphologic changes in this area, required is a close examination on historical characteristics of spatiotemporal changes of the sand barrier in relation to surrounding seaside reclamation and physical environmental changes. This study, based on the marine charts published in between 1927 and 1995 year, analyzes the length and area of the sand barrier for the last hundred years, and investigates the cause of the changes by looking into the change of water depth for the last two years and doing ocean-physical site observations. In conclusion, the sand barrier of the Nakdong estuarine expands toward the open sea by $7.4{\sim}26m$ in annual average, maintaining a fixed distance of $1,241{\sim}1.279m$, and its area is expected to increase about $2.8km^2$ annually. This is characterized by the wocean wave from the open sea and the discharge of Nakdong River.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1998년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집(I)
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• pp.277-283
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• 1998

In this study we changed W/C into 45, 50, 55, 60%, mixed sea sand which is often used as a replacing aggregate according to the lack of recourse with river sand in the ratio of 5:5 and producted antiwashout underwater concrete. We measured slump flow, air value, pH and suspension in the fresh concrete. After testing each W/C through unit weight and compressive strength of specimen which is produced and cured in the air and salt water it was founded that if sea sand was properly used after salt manufacturing, there will be no bad influence to antiwashout underwater concrete. The characteristic of them showed excellent, when W/C was 50%.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2012

PURPOSES: In this study the influence factors related to abrasion resistance of interlocking concrete block have been evaluated, and comparisons between various domestic and foreign abrasion test methods was also accomplished. METHODS: The modified rotational cutting method suggested in ASTM C 944 was applied. Surface materials with different types of fine aggregate such as crushed sand, sea sand, and mixture of crushed and sea sand were tested to compare the aggregate effect for abrasion resistance. RESULTS: The different surface mixtures with various W/C ratios, mortar and fly ash ratios have been investigated for functional and economical considerations. CONCLUSIONS: This study had obtained reliable results by changing diamond blade of rotating cutter. Therefore, in order to improve the abrasion resistance of interlocking concrete block for road, a new mix design was proposed.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2019년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.147-148
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• 2019

Lack of fine aggregate is adversely affecting the quality of concrete. Due to lack of land sand, EZZ sea sand has been used. However, the use of sea sand is also difficult because of the opposition of fishermen. The purpose of this study was to analysis the effect of slag fine aggregate to durability and compressive strength of concrete. The concrete compressive strength and durability were assessed to derive a proper mix ratio of fine aggregate.

• Mycobiology
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.237-247
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• 2016

Aspergillus (Trichocomaceae, Eurotiales, and Ascomycota) is a genus of well-defined asexual spore-forming fungi that produce valuable compounds such as secondary metabolites and enzymes; however, some species are also responsible for diseases in plants and animals, including humans. To date, 26 Aspergillus species have been reported in Korea, with most species located in terrestrial environments. In our study, Aspergillus species were isolated from mudflats and sea sand along the western and southern coasts of Korea. A total of 84 strains were isolated and identified as 17 Aspergillus species in 11 sections on the basis of both morphological characteristics and sequence analysis of the calmodulin gene (CaM) locus. Commonly isolated species were A. fumigatus (26 strains), A. sydowii (14 strains), and A. terreus (10 strains). The diversity of Aspergillus species isolated from mudflats (13 species) was higher than the diversity of those from sea sand (five species). Four identified species-A. caesiellus, A. montenegroi, A. rhizopodus, and A. tabacinus-are in the first records in Korea. Here, we provide detailed descriptions of the morphological characteristics of these four species.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2005년도 추계 학술발표회 제17권2호
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• pp.459-462
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• 2005

Recently, interest grew on the quality of aggregates following the diminution of primary resources from river and the growing construction demand which exhausted high-quality sand sources around large cities and incited the use of low grade aggregates like shore sand and sea sand that can be supplied in natural state. Moreover, the most sensitive aspect highlighted by the unstability of aggregate supply is the quality. The extreme insufficiency of quality criteria about the materials currently used as substitute aggregates and about concrete mixed with such materials is also critical. This study investigated influence of qualities of concrete which is using mixed crushed sand and natural sand

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2002년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.613-620
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• 2002

Sand Compaction Pile(SCP) is a soil improvement method that a sand charge is introduced into the pipe, and the pipe is withdrawn part away while the sand pile is compacted and its diameter is enlarged. The sand used in this method should be of good quality. In Korea, crushed stone and washed sea sand are used frequently in SCP. However, use of these materials is restricted because of environmental problem and deficiency of supply. In the copper smelting process, about 0.7 million tons of copper slag are produced in Korea. The range of particle size distribution of copper slag is from 0.15mm to 5mm, so it can be a substitute for sand, and the relatively high specific gravity compared with the sand, is its characteristic. Copper slag is hyaline and so stable environmentally that in foreign country, such as Japan, Germany etc., it is widely used in harbor, revetment and offshore structure construction works. Therefore, in this study, the several laboratory tests were peformed to evaluate the applicability of copper slag as a substitute for sand of SCP. From the mechanical property test, the characteristics of sand and copper slag were compared and analyzed, and from laboratory model test, the strength of composite ground was compared and analyzed by monitoring the stress and ground settlement of clay, SCP and copper slag compaction pile. Specially, this study focused on the application of copper slag as sand substitute in SCP pilot tests based on laboratory tests results.