• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.465-474
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• 2020

This study investigated the relationships among 'sense of humor', 'creativity', 'creativity in scientific humor', and 'perceptions of educational benefits for making scientific humor' of elementary students. To do this, fifth graders (n=42) at an elementary school and fifth graders (n=38) at gifted science education institutes in Seoul were selected. Tests for 'sense of humor', 'creativity', 'creativity in scientific humor', and 'perceptions of educational benefits for making scientific humor' were then administered. Analysis of the results revealed that all subcategories of 'sense of humor' had significantly positive relationships with all subcategories of 'creativity' except 'openness'. However, all subcategories of 'sense of humor' were not significantly correlated with all subcategories of 'creativity in scientific humor' and 'perception of educational benefits for making scientific humor'. Educational implications of these findings are discussed.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.419-429
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• 2006

This study investigated gender differences in the factors affecting elementary school students' ability to identify scientific problems. Scientific problem finding tasks, involving written instruments including IQ tests, content knowledge, science process skills, divergent thinking skills, intrinsic/extrinsic motivation, personality traits, and home environment were administered to 96 elementary school students(male; 50 & female: 46). The data collected was analyzed by means of a t-test, Pearson's correlation, multiple regression analysis, and canonical correlation analysis. The finding indicated that there were significant gender differences in scientific problem finding performance. Female students were significantly higher in both total score and elaborate score of scientific problem finding than male students. Personality traits and intrinsic motivation positively and extrinsic motivation negatively predicted male students' abilities in scientific problem finding. Science process skills, personality traits and intrinsic motivation positively and extrinsic motivation negatively predicted female students' scientific problem finding and IQ positively predicted female students' elaborate score of scientific problem finding.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.21-33
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• 2016

A sustainable development in science, innovation, and technology requires a balanced distribution of scientific wealth in sub-country regions. This paper addresses the issue of geographical distribution of scientific wealth and its goal is to offer a framework to describe and measure the share of provinces in national scientific wealth. Our proposed model divides the indicators of scientific wealth into two groups, production and the use of scientific wealth. To evaluate this model, the scientific wealth of Iran was studied using recorded data on IRANDOC databases. Rich, average, and poor provinces were identified and the results showed that 70% of the scientific wealth belongs to 20% of the provinces. The findings can facilitate planning for a sustainable science and technology policy.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.200-209
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• 1996

Recent literature in science education has emphasized nature of science in science teaching. The theme has been considered to be an important element for scientific literacy.The purpose of this study was to identify Korean science teachers' points of view on topics related to nature of science, such as definition of science, characteristics of scientific hypotheses, scientific theories and scientific laws, and their construction, scientists, and scientific methods. The relevant 13 items were selected from Views on Science-Technology-Society (VOSTS) by the authors for this study. Most teachers perceived science as an exploratory process or problem solving. Some perceived science as an application of knowledge to make this world a better place to live in. Teachers viewed scientific activities as scholastic and individualistic instead of pragmatic or collective. They did not hold clear understandings of the idea that scientific knowledge is subject to change. As identified in previous studies, teachers thought that scientific ideas develop from hypothesis to theories, and finally to scientific laws. They did not show sound understanding of inventiveness of scientific hypotheses and theories, nor discovery of scientific laws. In summary, teachers' major points of view reflected 'realism'. It suggested that they needed to understand nature of science in the ways which it has been described in recent literature of science education, in order to teach science with personal and social contexts.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.667-679
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• 2000

과학적 가설의 생성은 과학적 탐구활동뿐 아니라, 개념변화과정에서 중요한 활동 중의 하나이다. 본 연구에서는 과학적 가설을 설명가설과 예측가설로 나누었고, 각각의 경우에 과학적 설명이나 과학적 예측과 어떻게 다른지를 분석 논의하였다. 또한 현상을 기술만 하고 있는 추측의 경우를 과학적 가설로 보지 않음으로서, 귀납적 일반화에 의한 보편법칙의 제안을 과학적 가설로 보지 않는다고 논의하였다. 과학적 가설의 제안에 필요한 과학적 사고로서 귀추적 사고의 특징을 논의하였으며, 그에 기초한 과학적 설명가설의 생성과정을 4단계로 제시하였다. 마지막으로 본 연구로부터 수행중인 후속 연구 방향을 제시하였다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.372-390
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• 2018

The purpose of this research is to know the scientific reasoning ability of elementary students. In order to find it, 320 elementary students wrote a report about germination of the 700 or 2,000 years old seeds. Their writings were analyzed by scientific writing analysis frameworks, Scientific Reasoning Types and Scientific Reasoning Level Criteria developed by Lim (2018). Minto Pyramid Principles was used to show statements and relations of statements related to scientific reasoning. This paper showed scientific reasoning statements of elementary students about germination of seeds. The characteristics of scientific reasoning of elementary students were as follows. In the process of logical writing by the types of scientific reasoning, many students showed various characteristics and different levels. In the writings based on inductive reasoning, they did not distinguish between common features and differences of cases, and did not derive the rules based on common features and differences of the cases. In the writings based on deductive reasoning, there were cases where the major premise corresponding to the principle or rule was omitted and only the phenomenon was described, or the rule was presented but not connected with the case. In the writings based on abductive reasoning, the ability to selectively use the background knowledge related to the question situation was not sufficient, and borrowing of similar background knowledge, which was commonly used in other situations, was very rare.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.375-386
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• 2004

과학적 창의성은 창의적 사고만으로 발현될 수 없으며, 과학지식내용과 과학적 탐구기능이 함께 사용되게 마련이다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 과학적 창의성을 위한 사고, 과학지식내용, 과학적 탐구기능의 3 요소로 구성된 인지적 측면에서의 과학적 창의성 모델을 제안하였다. 그리고 모델의 공통요소로 가치, 독창성, 정교성을 포함시켰다. 최근에는 발산적 사고가 곧 창의적 사고라고 보기보다는, 과학적 창의성에 여러 가지 다양한 사고가 필요하다고 강조해왔다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 논의들에 기초하여, 과학적 창의성을 위한 사고로 발산적 사고, 수렴적 사고, 그리고 연관적 사고를 제안하였다. 인지적 측면의 과학적 창의성 모델에 기초하여 구체적인 과학적 창의성 활동 예시를 제시하고, 어떻게 활동자료가 개발될 수 있는지에 대한 제언을 하였다. 앞으로 연구에서는 구체적으로 다양한 과학적 창의성 활동유형을 정의하고, 유형별 학습지도자료를 개발하게 될 것이다.

• 과학교육연구지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.286-301
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• 2014

이 연구의 목적은 초등학생의 논의활동과 과학글쓰기와의 상호 관련성을 정성적으로 알아보는데 있다. 이와 같은 과제를 해결하기 위하여 과학적 상황 및 사회과학적 상황으로 구성된 9가지 논의 및 과학글쓰기 주제를 가지고 초등학교 5학년 학생을 대상으로 논의 및 과학글쓰기 활동을 행하였다. 논의과정에서 나눈 대화내용과 논의활동 전 후에 작성한 과학글쓰기의 내용을 녹음하고 전사하여 과학 글쓰기 세 가지 목표영역에 준거한 분석틀에 따라 비교 분석하였다. 이번 연구를 통하여 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 논의활동 중의 다양한 의견들은 논의 후 과학글쓰기에서 과학글쓰기 3가지 목표영역인 과학성, 논리성, 창의성이 신장되는데 긍정적인 효과를 주었다. 둘째, 논의활동이 논의 후 과학글쓰기에 나타나는 표현 형태는 크게 세 가지로 범주화할 수 있었다. 유형 1) 논의과정에서 새롭게 드러난 자신의 과학개념, 주장, 아이디어를 보충하여 표현하는 경우, 유형 2) 논의과정에서 다른 사람의 과학개념, 주장, 근거, 아이디어를 자기화하여 나타내는 경우, 유형 3) 논의활동에 기초하여 새로운 사실을 추론하거나 새로운 아이디어를 표현하는 경우이다.

• 대한지구과학교육학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.95-104
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to examine what effects the experiment class to stress discussion of small groups in scientific experiment class of the elementary school has on scientific achievement and attitude on the science of the students comparing to the usual scientific experiment class. For that purpose, this study has divided 49 students at the 6th grade of the M elementary school in P City into test groups of 24 students and control groups of 25 students. Classes have been progressed by giving sufficient time to the test groups for discussion by each small groups after experiment while by allowing the control groups to finish the experiment with arrangement of the experiment results. Conclusions of this study include: First, the more familiar the experiment materials are and the easier the experiment procedures are to be operated by the students, the more actively the small group discussion activities have been deployed. It shows that the students need a certain level of background knowledge before experiment for vital discussing activities. Second, it is appeared that the test groups given the scientific experiment class stressing small group discussing activity have significantly high scores comparing to the control groups given the existing scientific experiment class. It shows that the small group discussing activities have effects on promoting understanding of the students on the scientific achievement for the scientific experiment class. Third, it is appeared that the test groups given the scientific experiment class stressing small group discussing activity significantly high scores on attitude about the science comparing to the control groups given the existing scientific experiment class. It is considered that the students could have opportunities to compare their own thoughts with others and to have reflective thought to change their thoughts through the small group discussing activity. As shown above, it shows that the experiment class to stress discussing activities is more effective to increase scientific achievement and attitude about the science than the scientific experiment class to get and arrange the experiment results from the existing experiment classes.

• 과학교육연구지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.31-43
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• 2009

본 연구는 창의성의 영역 특수적인 입장에서 과학적 창의성을 다룬 논문들을 내러티브 리뷰의 방법을 사용하여 탐색한 것이다. 창의성을 바라보는 2가지 입장 중에서 한 가지인 영역 특수적인 입장은 창의성에 대해 "그 아동이 얼마나 창의적인가?"라는 창의성의 일반적인 입장에서 "그 아동은 어느 영역에서 창의적인가"라는 영역 특수적인 접근방법으로 창의성을 바라보는 것이다. 이러한 관점에서 본 연구는 과학을 바라보았을 때, 과학적 창의성은 어떻게 정의될 수 있으며, 또 어떤 구성 요인들로 이루어졌는가를 탐색해 본 연구이다. 과학적 창의성 관련 논문들에 대한 리뷰를 통해 본 연구는 과학적 창의성은 과학적인 지식을 바탕으로 논리적이고 분석적인 사고를 통해 새롭고 적절한 것을 찾아내는 능력으로 정의할 수 있었으며, 과학적 창의성의 구성 요인은 정의적, 인지적, 환경적 요인으로 나눠 살펴본 결과, 영역 특수적인 관점에서 가장 두드러지게 차이를 보이는 과학적 창의성의 인지적 요인은 과학 관련 지식, 과학 탐구과정, 문제 발견력, 문제 해결력 등으로 구성되어짐을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 과학적 창의성에 대한 논의는 보다 과학적 창의성에 대한 실증적인 연구에 대한 좋은 길잡이가 될 것으로 사료된다.