• 제목/요약/키워드: science magazine article

검색결과 21건 처리시간 0.022초

임상가를 위한 특집 2 - 우식위험도 평가에 근거한 치아우식증 관리(CAMBRA)의 이론적 배경 및 발전 과정 (Background and Develpoment of Caries Management based on Risk Assesssment(CAMBRA))

  • 조영식
    • 대한치과의사협회지
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    • 제52권8호
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    • pp.464-471
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    • 2014
  • This article reviewed theological background and historicak development in dental caries management by risk assessment. Dental caries prevention and treatment according to CAMBRA model is patient-centered, risk-based, evidence-based practice. Team approach is necessary and clinician need to integrate science, practice and product. Dental hygienist take a important role in implementing CAMBRA. CAMBRA model could be incorporated into dental and dental hygiene education. Dentist and dental hygienist able to provide scientific and ethical care managing dental caries by risk assessment.

코로나19와 IRB 심의 (COVID-19 and IRB Review)

  • 신희영
    • 대한기관윤리심의기구협의회지
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    • 제2권2호
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    • pp.33-36
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    • 2020
  • In December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was discovered in Wuhan, China. The disease was so severe that as early as 30 January 2020 COVID-19 was declared by WHO as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. There have been a lot of concerns about conducting COVID-19 clinical researches scientifically and ethically in pandemic. This article is directed at addressing these issues from the perspective of IRB. First of all, the urgency of COVID-19 research requires prompt IRB process through efficient ethics review and oversight system. IRB should determine whether the risks that will be presented to human subjects are justified after assessing possible harm and anticipated benefits. The safety of subjects should not be compromised. Furthermore, informed consent should be voluntarily obtained by sufficient information in consideration of special circumstances during a pandemic.

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가스 크로마토그래피 캐필러리 컬럼 설치 가이드 (GC Capillary Column Installation)

  • Matt James;Kirsty Ford
    • FOCUS: LIFE SCIENCE
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    • 제1호
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    • pp.2.1-2.6
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    • 2024
  • This article provides detailed instructions for the correct installation, maintenance, and troubleshooting of capillary gas chromatography (GC) columns. It emphasizes the importance of proper installation to ensure optimal performance and longevity of the column. The document covers various aspects such as column trimming, installation, conditioning, testing, storage, and ferrule selection. The installation process involves ensuring that the heated zones of the GC are cool before placing the column cage in the column oven. It is essential to avoid sharp bends or stress on the capillary column during installation and to connect the front end of the column into the GC inlet at the recommended insertion distance. The document also provides guidance on trimming the column, including the use of a ceramic wafer or capillary column cutter to achieve a clean, burr-free cut. For previously used columns, it recommends removing any capillary caps, positioning the nut and ferrule, and trimming 1-2 cm from the column. After installation, the column should be purged with carrier gas to remove any oxygen and avoid oxidizing the column. Conditioning the column involves ramping to the upper isothermal temperature limit and maintaining this temperature for a specified duration. It is crucial to maintain carrier gas flow during conditioning and not exceed the upper temperature limit of the column to avoid phase damage. The document also discusses testing column performance using a suitable method and performing a test injection to assess performance. It provides recommendations for column storage, including flame-sealing the capillary ends or using retention gaps for long-term storage. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of routine maintenance and replacement of GC consumables to extend the column's lifetime. Ferrule selection is another important aspect covered in the article, with a variety of ferrule materials available for different applications. The characteristics of common ferrule options are presented in a table, including temperature limits, reusability, and suitability for specific detector types.

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실리카 기반 컬럼의 세척, 재생 및 보관 가이드 (Column cleaning, regeneration and storage of silica-based columns)

  • Matt James;Mark Fever
    • FOCUS: LIFE SCIENCE
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    • 제1호
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    • pp.1.1-1.4
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    • 2024
  • This article provides comprehensive guidance on the maintenance, cleaning, regeneration, and storage of silica-based HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography) columns. The general considerations emphasize the importance of using in-line filters and guard cartridges to protect columns from blockage and irreversible sample adsorption. While these measures help, contamination by strongly adsorbed sample components can still occur over time, leading to an increase in back pressure, loss of efficiency, and other issues. To maximize column lifetime, especially with UHPLC (Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography) columns, it is advisable to use ultra-pure solvents, freshly prepared aqueous mobile phases, and to filter all samples, standards, and mobile phases. Additionally, an in-line filter system and sample clean-up on dirty samples are recommended. However, in cases of irreversible compound adsorption or column voiding, regeneration may not be possible. The document also provides specific recommendations for column cleaning procedures, including the flushing procedures for various types of columns such as reversed phase, unbonded silica, bonded normal phase, anion exchange, cation exchange, and size exclusion columns for proteins. The flushing procedures involve using specific solvents in a series to clean and regenerate the columns. It is emphasized that the flow rate during flushing should not exceed the specified limit for the particular column, and the last solvent used should be compatible with the mobile phase. Furthermore, the article outlines the storage conditions for silica based HPLC columns, highlighting the impact of storage conditions on the column's lifetime. It is recommended to flush all buffers, salts, and ion-pairing reagents from the column before storage. The storage solvent should ideally match the one used in the initial column test chromatogram provided by the manufacturer, and column end plugs should be fitted to prevent solvent evaporation and drying out of the packing bed.

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MTA의 물리화학적 성질 및 생체친화성에 대한 연구 (REVIEW ARTICLE - Chemical and physical properties and biocompatibility of MTA)

  • 장석우;오태석;유현미;박동성;배광식;금기연
    • 대한치과의사협회지
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    • 제50권3호
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    • pp.148-154
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    • 2012
  • Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is mainly composed of lime and silica. Its four major phases are tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate, and tetracaclcium aluminoferrite. MTA has relatively long initial setting time (2h 45m) and various additives can be added to reduce setting time. Compressive strength of MTA increases with time and reaches 100 MPa after 28 days. MTA has high pH of 9-12.5 because of the formation of calcium hydroxide during its hydration reaction. MTA has superior sealing ability to amalgam and IRM when it is used in perforation repair or root end filling. MTA is safe in cytotoxicity and genotoxicity and have potential to promote pulpal and periapical hard tissue formation.

건축잡지에 나타난 농촌주택 경향분석에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Trend Analysis of Rural Houses in the Architectural Magazines)

  • 임창수;홍광우;김혜란;김은자;박미정
    • 농촌계획
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    • 제22권4호
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    • pp.183-194
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    • 2016
  • Rural house came into the rapid change through the process of modernization and Saemaul movement in the past. This change continue to the current era, there is a such exotic forms and indiscriminate development of new house and Saemaul housing and existing conventional farmhouse in rural area. Such a phenomenon, ultimately creating disharmony in traditional environment of rural. In this respect, reflecting the location characteristics of the region which is based on the regional characteristics and unique model of rural housing, it is absolutely required for the development of rural housing customized to fit the diversity of modern. With that background, the purpose of the research is to try and find out the changes in rural houses and the transforming characteristics. To achieve this research purpose, this research selected a specialized magazine for architecture. Then, it identified contents which has specific keyword. lastly, it analyze type and contents of house in rural area from selected article. This process make up the rural housing for effective utilization. The result showed that the type of economic activity and residents information directly show the character of the members who located in the new homes after retuning to farming. The polarization of structure was clearly visible by the building time. And, propensity to western-style of major components was very high such as shape and form of housing. However, it was found to prefer to reflect traditional aesthetics in the components of the housing partially. Therefore, more research is needed to reflect of the results of a survey. Also, analyzing the characteristic of rural house's element and suggesting ways to take advantage in order to present suitable element of modern rural house.

ORIGINAL ARTICLE - 자가 온레이 블럭골 이식 후 증대된 치조골과 임플란트의 평가 (Evaluation of augmented alveolar bone and dental implant after autogenous onlay block bone graft)

  • ;조민성;허정우;오철중;정광;박홍주;국민석;정승곤;오희균
    • 대한치과의사협회지
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    • 제50권6호
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    • pp.329-338
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    • 2012
  • Introduction: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical results of vertical alveolar ridge augmentation using autogenous block bone graft, especially resorption rate, and outcomes of dental implants placed in the grafted site. Patients and Methods: Medical records and radiographs were reviewed. Twenty-seven patients who have been received the autogenous block bone graft which harvested from chin, ramus, and ilium, and the implant installation on 31 areas(22 maxillas and 9 mandibles) were included. Eight implants were installed simultaneously at the time of bone graft in 4 patients, and 65 implants were installed after 4.9 months(range 2~18 months) of autogenous block bone graft in 23 patients. The resorption amount and rate of augmented bone, and the success and survival rates implants were evaluated. Results: Mean height of the augmented block bone was $5.9{\pm}2.3mm$(range from 2.5 to 13.0 mm). Mean follow-up period after block bone graft was 30.4 months(range from 16 to 55 months). Mean resorption of the augmented block bone was $2.0{\pm}1.5mm$ (range from 0.5 to 7.24 mm). The success and survival rates of the implants were 78.1 % and 98.6%, respectively. Conclusion: This study indicates that the autogenous block bone graft is a useful and stable method for alveolar ridge augmentation for dental implant. And more augmentation is needed to compensate the resorption of the grafted bone.

문화.예술.과학의 관점에서 대학박물관의 특성화를 위한 기초연구 (A study on specializing the University Museum in the Perspective of Culture, Arts, and Science)

  • 최종호
    • 고문화
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    • 68호
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    • pp.25-39
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    • 2006
  • 이 논문은 대학박물관의 정체성과 역할 및 기능을 정의하고, 문화.예술.과학의 관점에서 대학박물관의 특성화를 제시하고자 한다. 대학박물관은 대학공동체와 대학공동체에 이바지하는 중심으로서 교육정보위락을 위하여 인간과 인간의 환경에 관한 유무형의 증거를 수집 보존 연구 교류 전시 교육하는 곳이다. 오늘날 대학박물관의 표적 이용자들은 교수와 학생, 교직원뿐만 아니라 관계되는 전문가, 후원자, 학부모, 학교 어린들과 동네사람들 같은 이웃 사람들이다. 다목적의 대학박물관은 문화.예술.과학의 관점에서 현실 세계 또는 가상현실 세계에서 설립될 수 있다. 현실세계뿐만 아니라 가상현실 세계에서 유비쿼터스 시스템을 기반으로 대학박물관은 어디서나 언제든지 어떤 기자재로든 쉽게 이용할 수 있다. 문화.예술.과학의 관점에서 대학박물관의 특성화를 위해서 대학박물관 관장은 대학공동체의 최고경영자와 함께 대학박물관의 인적, 물적, 조직적, 기술적, 재화적, 공간적, 상징적 구성요소를 평가하여 대학공동체의 경영 철학과 전략을 바탕으로 대학박물관의 특성화를 추진하는 것이 바람직하다. 대학박물관의 특성화는 박물관 활동의 독창적인 영역을 유지하고, 경영을 효율적으로 이끌어 갈 수 있는 방향으로 기획되고 추진되어야 한다. 문화.예술.과학 관점에서 대학박물관의 특성화는 대학공동체의 정체성 확립과 대학박물관의 역할 및 기능 수행에도 도움을 줄뿐만 아니라 대학공동체의 학문적 발전과 브랜드 가치 창출 및 홍보에도 크게 도움을 줄 것이다.

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간호협회지를 통해 본 보수교육의 역사적 경향 1962년 ~ 1995년 (A Study of Trends in Continuing Education Published in the Korean Nurse)

  • 신성례;김경선;이숙
    • 대한간호
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    • 제35권2호
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    • pp.52-70
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    • 1996
  • This historical research was conducted to analyze and categorize the titles which were presented in the journal, The Korean Nurse, from August 1962 to October 1995. Titles which were published with the purpose of educating graduate nurses and to update 0 their nursing knowledge to improve professional practice were included. There were 348 articles published from the beginning of publication in August, 1962 to October, 1995. All of the journals were reviewed except nine missing journals which were not available in any library. According to the characteristics of the articles in the periodical, the articles were divided into three periods. In each of the three peroids there were five categories: Subject, Clinical Practice, Fundamentals of Nursing Science, Nursing Administration, Others. These categories were adopted from Kim's(1994) division system which was developed to analyze nurse's insurance education program. The special feature peroid was from August, 1962 to December, 1974. In this period the articles were presented in an unorganized manner in the area of special feature or main issue. The largest area was the subject category(44%). The second largest area wes the fundamental of nursing science category(31%). From May, 1975 to December, 1977, the articles with the educational purposes were published in a designated area called continuing education. This period was labelled as the continuing education period. Among the published articles in this period, 45% focused on the subject category and 45% on the fundamentals of nursing science category. In this period the articles were focusing on nurses 'work in specific areas such as industry, nurses' aid schools, and nursing administration, articles on physical assessment first started to appear. The written continuing education period was from January 1978 to October, 1995. All the educational articles published in this area were analyzed and categorized into five areas as for the other periods. 48% of the articles focused on the subject category. In the mid-eighties, the term nurse specialist first.appeared and ten years later in 1990, the titles were subdivided into more specific titles, such as, home nursing, industrial nursing, emergency nursing, 23% were in the fundamental nursing science category and they dealt with nursing process, nursing theories, theory development. For the content analysis, three articles, one from each period, dealing with cardiovscular diseases were selected for comparsion. First, the special feature period, the title of the article was on diet therapy for cardiovascular disease patients, but instead the content was about rest, hygiene, medication, observation. They recommended rings to prevent bed sores, which is now considered as a cause for bed sores. In the continuing education period, the content was more focused on rehabilitation rather than general nursing .care. It became more specific, systematic, and organized compared with the special feature period. In the written continuing education period, the focus was on rehabilitation, not broadly, but very specifically on exercise. The further research on the content analysis is recommended along with a comparison of the trends in the Journal of Nurses Academic Society.

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시넥틱스(synectics)적 발상이 일러스트레이션 교육에 미치는 영향 (Effects of the synectics conception on the illustration education)

  • 문철
    • 디자인학연구
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    • 16호
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    • pp.213-223
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    • 1996
  • 원시시대부터 인간의 커뮤니케이션 수단으로 이용되어 온 일러스트레이션은 이제 우리 생활 속에서 생활의 단편적이거나 혹은 심층적인 면을 함축하여 표현하는 수단이 되었다. 즉 그것은 피터 노크(Peter Knock)의 한 잡지 일러스트레이션을 보고 어떤 예술가가 '여태껏 읽은 것 중 가자 훌륭한 기사였다'고 말 한데서도 알 수 있듯이, 일러스트레이터의 임무는 하루의 일상생활에서 아니 순간 순간의 사물의 지각을 통한 비구체적이든, 구체적이든 일러스트레이션의 소스(source)가 우리의 잠재의식 속에 남아있다고 가정할 때 이들을 추출해서 사실적으로 묘사하는 작업을 하고 있다고 할 수 있고, 그것은 어떤 미사여구를 붙인 문자 언어보다도 강한 지각작용을 불러일으킬 수 있다는 것이다. 뿐만 아니라 일러스트레이션의 활용분야는 나날이 증가하고 있으며 그 대상도 인물, 자연, 인공, 과학 등 다양해지고 따라서 이러한 시점의 일러스트레이션에서 가장 요구되는 것은 얼마나 창조적이며 참신한 아이디어를 지녔냐 하는 것이다. 왜냐하면 복잡 다양한 사회 속에서 일반인의 마음속에 자리잡기 위해서는 보다 독특한 이미지와 호소력을 가져야 하기 때문이다. 따라서 일러스트레이션의 교육도 이젠 단순한 기술연마가 아닌 시넥틱스(Synetics)적 사고에 바탕을 둔 작품으로 유도되어야하며 기능 위주의 도식적인 일러스트이션 교육에서 벗어난 보다 자유롭고 풍부한 개성을 지닌 사고를 할 수 있도록 되어야 한다.

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