• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.501-507
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• 2009

Atopic dermatitis is one of the most common skin disease in children and a characteristic chronically recurrent form of dermatitis with a hereditary tendency, affecting infants and may extend to the childhood or th the adult age. Environmental factors, stress, and foodstuffs such as milk, egg may cause atopic dermatitis. Nc/Nga mice were used as an animal model for human atopic dermatitis. The divided by 4group such as normal group, BMAC group, FK506 group, MR group for this study raised in conventional conditions. To investigate effect of Chamomile German on atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice, the serum IgE and IgG1 level were measured while the severity degree of the skin lesion was examined by the naked eyes of two volunteers who were unaware of the treatment status. The results were the followings. 1. The score on the severity degree of skin dermatitis in FK 506 and MR group was lower than that in control group. 2. The serum IgE level in control group was higher 25% than that in normal group. 3. The serum level of IgE in FK506 and MR group compares to control group was decreased. 4. The serum IgG1 level was decreased more than 3.5 times in FK506 compared to control group while MR group had significantly less the serum IgG1 than control group. From the above results, treatment of Chamomile German oil had the effect on atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice. If scientific researches on aroma oil are performed in various way, aroma oil will be used to cure skin dermatitis as a alternative therapy in the future.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.205-212
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• 2018

Spontaneous ignition is not only severe economic damage but also a typical plant damage caused by harmful gases generated during the fire. Because coal is porous, it causes oxygen to be absorbed in the amount of oxygen per unit weight of oxygen, resulting in low humidity and low thermal conductivity. The cause and effect of spontaneous ignition are very complex, so it is difficult to prevent it beforehand and once it is difficult to digest it, it is difficult to digest it. This study examines structural safety by conducting a structural analysis of the cooling ball system to prevent spontaneous combustion of coal stockpile plants and external pressures.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.366-374
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• 2012

In order to create a worker-friendly environment for institutional foodservice, facilities operating with a dry kitchen system have been recommended. This study was designed to compare the work safety and work environment of foodservice between wet and dry kitchen systems. Data were obtained using questionnaires with a target group of 303 staff at 57 foodservice operations. Dry kitchen facilities were constructed after 2006, which had a higher construction cost and more finishing floors with anti-slip tiles, and in which employees more wore non-slip footwear than wet kitchen (76.7%). The kitchen temperature and muscular pain were the most frequently reported employees' discomfort factors in the two systems, and, in the wet kitchen, "noise of kitchen" was also frequently reported as a discomfort. Dietitian and employees rated the less slippery and slip related incidents in dry kitchens than those of wet kitchen. Fryer area, ware-washing area, and plate waste table were the slippery areas and the causes were different between the functional areas. The risk for current leakage was rated significantly higher in wet kitchens by dietitians. In addition, the ware-washing area was found to be where employees felt the highest risk of electrical shock. Muscular pain (72.2%), arthritis (39.1%), hard-of-hearing (46.6%) and psychological stress (47.0%) were experienced by employees more than once a month, particularly in the wet kitchen. In conclusion, the dry kitchen system was found to be more efficient for food and work safety because of its superior design and well managed practices.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.38-46
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to quantitatively examine the physiological and psychological effects of a waterscape facility in an interior landscape space. Data were collected as participants under stress relaxed in either an interior space with greenery(Type G) or an interior space with a waterscape facility(Type W). The participants relaxing in the Type W space showed significantly decreased systolic and diastolic blood pressures, and an impression evaluation by the SD method indicated that their impressions were expressed in more positive terms, such as 'vigor', 'dynamism', 'pleasantness', and 'vitality'; when compared to participants relaxing in the Type G space. A POMS analysis showed waterscape elements influenced participants' psychological mood states by decreasing tension and fatigue, but increasing vitality. Introduction of waterscape facilities into interior landscape spaces could therefore provide stressed individuals with health benefits, including decreased blood pressure and positively changed psychological mood states.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.25 no.10
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• pp.1417-1426
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• 2001

Turbulent flow characteristics in the near wake of a square cylinder have been studied experimentally by using a Digital PIV method. Experiments are performed at the Reynolds numbers of 1600 and 3900 based on the free-stream velocity and the square height. The ensemble averaged turbulence statistics are acquired from 2030 realizations of instantaneous fluctuating velocity field after the conventional Reynolds decomposition. The differences in turbulent intensity and Reynolds shear stress profiles fur both oases indicate that the effect of Reynolds number seems to be descernible mainly due to the occurrence of transition in the separated shear layer. Because of the periodic nature of vortex shedding process, transverse velocity fluctuations contribute dominantly , to turbulent kinetic energy distribution. A comparison with previous LDV data obtained at much higher Reynolds number shows a fairly good agreement each other. It turns out that the effect of Reynolds number diminishes as increasing Reynolds number, which is a well-known feature of a sharp-edged bluff body wake. The streamwise variation of turbulence intensities are compared with those from a circular cylinder along the centerline at the same Reynolds number. The overall magnitudes and the decay rates of turbulence intensities are quite similar, but some differences are noticeble especially in the transverse intensity variation.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.615-624
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• 2014

The fin-tube heat exchanger being used for industrial boiler, radiator, refrigerator has been conducted in various studies to improve it's performance. In this study, the characteristics of heat transfer and pressure drop was theoretically analyzed according to longitudinal pitch, location of vortex generator, bump phase and number of the tube surface about the plain fin-tube heat exchanger. The boundary condition for the CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) analysis applied with the SST (Shear Stress Transport) turbulence model assumed as the tube surface temperature of 333 K, the inlet air temperature of 423-438 K and the inlet air velocity of 1.5~2.1 m/s. The analysis results indicated that the heat transfer coefficient is not affected highly by the longitudinal pitch, and the heat transfer characteristics was more favorable when the vortex generator was located in front of the tube. Also the bump phase of the tube surface indicated that circle type was more appropriate than serrated type and triangle type in the characteristics of heat transfer and pressure drop, and the sixteen's bump phase of circle type was most favorable.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.489-500
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• 2016

This study examined the influencing factors of depression on the physical appearance satisfaction and the trends of personal relationships in Korean nursing college students. A total of 247 subjects between 17 and 27 years of age were selected through random sampling. Data were collected using a self-reported questionnaire from November 1, 2012 to March 30, 2013. The depression acceptance differed significantly according to rank between siblings, religion, school record, socioeconomic status, cohabitation, and stress resolving methods. There was a positive correlation between depression and the appearance satisfaction and the trends of personal relationship. 26.8% variance in depression was explained by the appearance, socioeconomic status, sympathy-acceptance, resistance-mistrust, body figure, and cohabitation. These findings may be useful for understanding depression in nursing college students and developing more specific personal interrelationship and depression programs.

• Composites Research
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.393-398
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• 2017

The shrinkage distribution of a dental composite (Clearfil AP-X, Kuraray, Japan) used for dental restoration was observed using a digital image correlation method. In order to analyze the shrinkage distribution formed during and after light irradiation, digital images were taken with different photographing conditions for each period. Optimal photographing conditions during LED irradiation were obtained through a preliminary experiment in which the exposure time was applied from 0.15 ms to 0.55 ms in 0.05 ms intervals. The DIC analysis results showed that the strain was non-uniform. For the initial 20 s of light irradiation the composite resin shrank to the level of 50~60% of the final curing shrinkage. Such large shrinkage amount of the composite resin lump affected the tensile stress concentration near the adhesive region between the composite resin and the substrate.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.495-503
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of psychobiographical intensive interview(PII) on the parent's insight, parent-child relationship characteristics and counseling session. For this, the PII was conducted to 10 mothers with school age children. PII was semi-structured form that included the intensive interview for exploring psychobiographical information and interpretation counseling of it. The results showed that the level of insight into parent's child problem and relation to parent's own problem was significantly increased. On the other hand, parent-child relationship characteristics (parental efficacy, parenting attitude, and parenting stress) were found to be significant only in some of the parenting stresses. We investigated the possibility as a counseling tool for PII through counseling session impact assessments. As a result of that, we confirmed that there were positive results in task impacts, relationship impacts, and helpful impacts.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.470-478
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• 2012

Recent genome comparisons of E. coli B and K-12 strains have indicated that the makeup of the cell envelopes in these two strains is quite different. Therefore, we analyzed and compared the envelope proteomes of E. coli BL21(DE3) and MG1655. A total of 165 protein spots, including 62 nonredundant proteins, were unambiguously identified by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. Of these, 43 proteins were conserved between the two strains, whereas 4 and 16 strain-specific proteins were identified only in E. coli BL21(DE3) and MG1655, respectively. Additionally, 24 proteins showed more than 2-fold differences in intensities between the B and K-12 strains. The reference envelope proteome maps showed that E. coli envelope mainly contained channel proteins and lipoproteins. Interesting proteomic observations between the two strains were as follows: (i) B produced more OmpF porin with a larger pore size than K-12, indicating an increase in the membrane permeability; (ii) B produced higher amounts of lipoproteins, which facilitates the assembly of outer membrane ${\beta}$-barrel proteins; and (iii) motility- (FliC) and chemotaxis-related proteins (CheA and CheW) were detected only in K-12, which showed that E. coli B is restricted with regard to migration under unfavorable conditions. These differences may influence the permeability and integrity of the cell envelope, showing that E. coli B may be more susceptible than K-12 to certain stress conditions. Thus, these findings suggest that E. coli K-12 and its derivatives will be more favorable strains in certain biotechnological applications, such as cell surface display or membrane engineering studies.