• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.117-130
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• 2021

The government's social distancing policy and concerns about COVID-19 are increasing restrictions on outdoor leisure activities. Based on the decrease in outdoor leisure activities and the increase in indoor leisure activities, The purpose of this study is to examine the correlation between the degree of new confirmed cases of COVID-19 and the number of VOD views. This study conducted a time series analysis for 348 days from February 18, 2020 to January 31, 2021. Data were collected from the number of daily VOD views provided by the Korean Film Council and the number of new confirmed cases of COVID-19 provided by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The analysis showed that the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases has a significantly positive effect on the number of daily movie VOD views at the 5% significance level. This results indicate that the more confirmed cases of COVID-10, the more people watch movie VOD as indoor leisure activities. While previous studies examined the relationship between the confirmed cases of COVID-19 and indoor leisure activities in general, this study tried to academically contribute by analyzing the impact on specific indoor leisure activities. The practical implications of this study are as follows. The results of this study show that efficient promotions are possible based on significant social issues, such as infectious diseases. According to the results, promotions that respond quickly to changes are more effective than long-term promotions considering the climate or seasons. Due to the limitations of the data, the current study was conducted based only on PPV, but future research should also consider various billing forms such as PPM and SVOD.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.30-47
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• 2022

This study analyzed the characteristics of cold air flow according to spatial types in urban areas of Changwon-si, Gyeongsangnam-do. The spatial types were classified by cluster analysis considering the land use map, building information, and topographic characteristics produced on the Changwon biotope map. The amount of cold air and wind speed were derived by KLAM_21 modeling. As a result, spatial types were classified into a total of 14 types considering the density and height of buildings, land use types, and topographic characteristics. Cold air flow was found to generate cold air in the valley of the forest area outside urban area, move through roads and open spaces, and accumulate in the low-lying national industrial complex, and then spread cold air throughout the urban areas. There was a lot of cold air flow in the tall building area, and the cold air accumulation was less in the slope and ridge areas. The results of this study were able to understand the characteristics of cold air flow according to building density, land use type, and topography, which will be usefully used as basic data for urban wind road construction to mitigate climate and improve air quality in urban areas.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.60-72
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• 2022

A number of wooden built heritage remain in Korea, and most have been damaged by various biological factors including termite. Owing to the irreversible damage caused by termites, wooden built heritage are losing their authenticity and structural stability. In this study, Area-Wide Integrated Termite Management(AW-ITM) was proposed to prevent termite damage. First, to understand the locational characteristics of these sites, the distance from adjacent forests and surrounding forest areas was analyzed for 182 national designated wooden built heritage(national treasures, treasures) using the Geographic Information System(GIS). By analyzing existing pest control projects(2003-2020) and the components of the ITM, the characteristics of termite control for cultural heritages were determined. Based on these results, the cultural heritage sites and their surrounding spaces were divided into three areas, and the types of cultural properties were divided into six types according to the location and number of buildings. Along with this, termite control measures were proposed for each area and type. The concept of AW-ITM has been partially applied to the "Comprehensive Control of Termites in wooden built heritages Sites" by the Cultural Heritage Administration. Caution must be taken with regard to the establishment of a cultural heritage management policy; AW-ITM should be applied on a trial basis with the results then being carefully analyzed and reflected in the establishment of policies pertaining to the conservation management of cultural heritage.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.995-1003
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• 2021

Coastal compound disasters are becoming more extreme and more frequent due to climate change. Thus, appropriate and systematic disaster management is necessary to reduce potential losses. One solution to this is the creation of a coastal compound disaster management area. However, Korea's "Countermeasures against Natural Disasters Act" needs to be reformed to introduce this coastal compound disaster management area. In this study, we tried to find the appropriate direction for reforming the Act in order to establish a basis for implementing regulations on the Coastal Compound Disaster Management Area with regard to three aspects: science-based management, cooperative management, and adaptive management. The study was on the premise that the system would be operated based on the provisions of the "Countermeasures against Natural Disasters Act". Consequently for effective science-based management, it is necessary to introduce a disaster risk assessment framework. Based on the results obtained through the implementation of this framework, the management areas should be set with differential measures. Next, cooperation among the various ministries is essential to successfully respond to disasters. This study recommends the establishment of an advisory council composed of the related government departments as a pragmatic solution. Finally, in terms of adaptive management, we found that parallelly utilizing non-structural measures could compensate for the limitations of structural measures.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.169-183
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• 2023

This study analyzed students' polar literacy in an effort to promote polar education based on its high educational value. The polar literacy test items developed for this study consisted of questions about knowledge, skills, attitudes, and beliefs about the polar region, as well as background variables of students. The final test items, which were revised and supplemented several times through the preliminary test, were applied to 323 eighth graders in South Korea. We analyzed the response characteristics of the polar literacy questions for all students. Students were grouped into those with a global citizenship perspective and those with a pragmatic perspective, according to the viewpoint of polar issues and their polar literacy. Analysis showed that the students had a high understanding of climate change and living things in the polar regions, but had a very low understanding of ice, which is a key component of the polar regions. Moreover, they were unable to approach the Earth system thinking when dealing with polar issues. In addition, the global citizenship group had a higher intellectual understanding and deeper sympathy of the polar problem than the pragmatic group. This study is meaningful in that the survey results present a specific direction for future polar education.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.56 no.9
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• pp.529-541
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• 2023

Due to the growing concern over forecasting extreme weather events such as droughts caused by climate change, there has been a rising interest in seasonal meteorological forecasts that offer ensemble predictions for the upcoming seven months. Nonetheless, limited research has been conducted in South Korea, particularly in assessing their effectiveness at the catchment-scale. In this study, we assessed the accuracy of ECMWF's seasonal forecasts (including precipitation, temperature, and evapotranspiration) for the period of 2011 to 2020. We focused on 12 multi-purpose reservoir catchments and compared the forecasts to climatology data. Continuous Ranked Probability Skill Score method is adopted to assess the forecast skill, and the linear scaling method was applied to evaluate its impact. The results showed that while the seasonal meteorological forecasts have similar skill to climatology for one month ahead, the skill decreased significantly as the forecast lead time increased. Compared to the climatology, better results were obtained in the Wet season than the Dry season. In particular, during the Wet seasons of the dry years (2015, 2017), the seasonal meteorological forecasts showed the highest skill for all lead times.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.865-885
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• 2022

Korean government updated her Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) in 2021 and announced the target and various measures for reductions. Among the many issues, final energy demand and renewable energy power mix for 17 provinces to achieve the target are being analyzed using GCAM-Korea. Simulation results show that final energy demand of 2030 is approximated at the similar level to that of 2018. This is being enabled by the conservation of coal with higher electrification especially in industry sector. Higher power demand with lower coal consumption in final energy consumption is shown to be provided by 33.1% of renewable, 24.6% of gas, and 18.0% of nuclear power generation in 2030. Meanwhile, the share of coal-fired power generation is expected to be reduced to 12.8%. Major future power provider becomes Gyeongbuk (Nuclear), Gyeonggi (Gas), Jeonnam (Nuclear, Gas) and Gangwon (PV, Wind), compared to one of current major power provider Chungnam (Coal). This analysis is expected to provide a useful insight toward the national and provincial energy and climate change policy.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.72
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• pp.293-316
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• 2022

This paper argues that Christian education for sustainability should be a spiritual education that fosters the spirituality of contentment, poverty, sharing, and justice through a critical review of the concept of "Sustainable Development" (SD), which emerged to overcome today's climate and ecological crisis. To this end, first of all, the efforts and limitations of international cooperation to overcome the deepening environmental problems will be considered. That is, economic interests have been prior to the environmental issues. When it comes to the 'Green Revolution,' there has been a huge gap between the ideal and the reality, so a sustainable society has become distant. Faced with this situation, Christian theology has been trying to build a new theological paradigm, breaking away from the limits of anthropocentric and afterlife-centered theology based on the dichotomy between the physical and the spiritual. Through such theological reflections, Christian education needs to carry out spiritual education focusing on how to deal with the problem of human greed for the restoration of the created world. In this regard, this paper presents the spirituality of contentment, poverty, sharing, and justice. For developing it, this article suggests deep theological reflection and repentance on human greed, listening to the victim's voice, moderation in consumption, investigation of alternative cases, and decisive action to reveal the truth from the victim's point of view.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.619-628
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• 2023

In this study, we investigated the feasibility of calcium sulfate fertilizer as a stabilizing agent for As and Hg contaminated farmland soil and its stabilization characteristics in 3 different physical forms (particulate, powder, and solution) through a pot experiment including 34 days of lettuce growth. As and Hg contents of the lettuce grown in the stabilized soils were decreased by at least 70%. However the lettuce yield of the soil stabilized with the solution agent was decreased by 46% due to the overabundance of the nutrients from the solution agent. Thus, if a solution-type agent is planned for agricultural farmland soil stabilization, additional tests for optimal dosage are needed to preserve vegetation growth. In Hg fractionation, a lower concentration of elemental fractions and a higher concentration of residual/sulfide fractions were identified in the soils stabilized with the solution, powder, and pariculate agents in descending order while there were no significant changes in As fractionation. Overall results suggest that calcium sulfate fertilizer can be used as a stabilizing agent, and a solution-type agent could be used when the operation of heavy machinery for the soil stabilization process is impossible.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.112 no.4
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• pp.530-543
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• 2023

Societal value of the benefits forests provide has grown significantly, given their pivotal role in mitigating climate change and fostering the shift toward a carbon-neutral society. Due to the economic and public value of forests, which extends far beyond landowners and foresters, the forestry sector mutually interacts with society as a whole. Thus, understanding public perceptions and preferences concerning forests and forest policies from the societal viewpoint is vital for shaping future forest policy decisions. This research delved into evolving perceptions over the past 32 years, using a time-series analysis of data gathered from the 'Public awareness survey on forests'. This survey, conducted seven times between 1991 and 2023 by opinion poll agents, provides insights into changing sentiments. The findings reveal a notable increase in public satisfaction with overall forest policies. Specifically, positive sentiments were observed regarding forest rehabilitation, forest trails, education initiatives, and the establishment and functioning of forest recreation facilities. Conversely, the study highlights areas where public satisfaction remained relatively low, notably in matters concerning the use and conversion of mountainous regions, forest disaster prevention, and international forest cooperation. Additionally, the respondents emphasized the need for heightened attention to forest management, the development of forest roads, and increased efforts in overseas afforestation compared to current initiatives.