• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2013

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of horse riding exercise for pain and body flexibility in the patient with chronic low back pain. Method : 26 subjects in H-equestrian were randomly divided two group, ball exercise(BE) group and horse-riding exercise(HE) group. Each group carried out 40 minutes exercise three times a week for 8 weeks. VAS were measured for pain, and evaluation of body flexibility in position with forward and backward. Result : The results were as follows, the pain scales of VAS(visual analog scale) between ball exercise and horse-riding exercise groups in post-test, were significantly different in measures(p<.05). And there were significant in two group after exercise(p<.05). The flexibility scales of body between ball exercise and horse-riding exercise groups in post-test, were significantly different in measures(p<.05). And there were significant in two group after exercise(p<.05). Conclusion : These finding revealed that horse-riding exercise was effective on pain and body flexibility of patient with chronic low back pain so that these exercise can be new altematives exercise for pain and body flexibility in the patient with chronic low back pain.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.165-171
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• 2022

Objective: Nonspecific low back pain (NSLBP) is experienced worldwide by many age groups. Yoga is recommended as an exercise to reduce back pain and stress because it is a breathing exercise, posture, and meditation as key elements. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of yoga and stabilization exercise on pain intensity, function, and depression. Design: An open-label, parallel arm, randomized controlled trial Methods: Twenty-four participants were allocated to the experimental and the control group in a ratio of 1:1. Yoga (experimental group) and stabilization exercise (control group) were received twice a week for 6 weeks Participants were assessed at baseline and post-intervention for pain intensity (numeric pain rating scale), function (Aberdeen low back pain scale, flexibility,and strength), and depression (Beck depression inventory). Results: When the experimental group (Yoga) and control group (stabilization exercise) were performed twice a week for 6 weeks, numeric pain rating scale, Aberdeen low back pain scale, and flexibility in post-intervention showed significant improvement in both groups (P<0.05), However, in all variables, the experimental group showed a positive benefit compared to the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study show that yoga has more positive benefits compared to stabilization exercise in pain intensity, function, and depression in individuals with NSLBP.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.584-593
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of stretching, muscle strengthening, and walking exercise on the cardiopulmonary function and health-related quality of life in hemodialysis patients. Methods: Twenty-one patients in the intervention and the control group participated in the exercise respectively on maintenance hemodialysis at four university hospitals. The exercise was composed of 20 to 60 min per session, 3 sessions a week for 12 weeks. The effect of exercise was assessed by cardiopulmonary function (peak oxygen uptake, peak ventilation, peak respiration rate, maximal heart rate, and exercise duration) using a cycle ergometer. Grip strength was measured by dynamometer, and flexibility was measured by sit and reach measuring instrument. Health-related quality of life was measured using Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36. Results: Peak oxygen uptake, peak ventilation, peak respiration rate, exercise duration, grip strength, flexibility, and physical component scale were significantly improved in the intervention group after 12 week's exercise compared to the control group. Conclusion: These findings indicate the exercise can improve cardiopulmonary function, grip strength, flexibility, and physical component scale of health-related quality of life in hemodialysis patients.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.268-274
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of self stretching on shoulder pain and should flexibility of nurses. Methods: Forty two nurses who work in a university hospital participated in the study; an intervention (n=22) and a control group (n=20). The nurses of intervention group carried out a 4-week self stretching program. All participants completed 1 item NRS scale for pain intensity and 1 item 4-Likert scale for pain intensity. Both shoulder flexibilities of the nurses were measured by back and reach test. All measurements were done at baseline, 2 week, 4 week during the program and 2 week following the program. The data was analyzed by frequency, percentage, ${\chi}^2$-test, t test, Repeated measures ANOVA using SPSS 12.0. Results: There were significant differences in the pain intensity (p<.001) and frequencies(p<.001) between two groups. Also, Left and right shoulder flexibilities of the intervention group significantly increased than those of the control group (p<.001 and p=.002 respectively). Conclusion: The results showed that self stretching reduce the intensity and frequency of shoulder pain and increase both shoulder flexibilities. Thus, self stretching is recommended as an intervention to improve shoulder function of hospital nurses.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.498-507
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• 2020

본 연구는 만성 뇌졸중 환자를 대상으로 체간 유연성 운동이 앉은 자세 균형, 정적 균형, 보행 척도, 그리고 낙상 위험도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 규명하고자 실시되었다. 만성 뇌졸중 참가자는 대조 그룹(12명)과 체간 유연성 운동 그룹(12명)으로 무작위로 배정되었다. 두 그룹 모두 표준 재활 치료 30분을 실시하였고, 체간 유연성 운동 그룹은 체간 유연성 운동을 일주일에 3번, 6주간 추가로 시행하였다. 모든 참가자는 체간 장애 척도, 정적 균형 능력, 보행 속도, 분당 보행 수, 그리고 낙상 위험도를 운동 전과 운동 종료 후에 평가하였다. 본 연구 결과에서 체간 유연성 운동 그룹은 대조 그룹과 비교하여 체간 장애 척도(t=-3.57, p=.002)와 보행 속도(t=-3.29, p=.003) 그리고 분당 보행 수(t=-2.77, p=.011)는 유의하게 증가하였고, 정적 균형 능력(t=5.37, p<.001)과 낙상 위험도(t=6.33, p<.001)는 유의하게 감소되었다. 또한, 체간 유연성 운동 그룹은 초기 평가와 비교하여 모든 평가 항목에서 유의하게 개선되었다(p<.05). 이상의 결과에서 6주간의 흉추 유연성 운동 후, 만성 뇌졸중 환자에게 있어 앉은 자세 균형 능력, 정적 균형 능력, 보행 척도, 그리고 낙상 위험도에서 긍정적인 효과가 나타났으며, 이후 다른 운동과 비교하여 효과를 검증하는 후속연구가 필요한 것으로 사료된다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제18권9호
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• pp.1014-1017
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• 1997

1,3-Dipropyloxycalix[4]arene dibenzocrown ethers were synthesized in the fixed 1,3-alternate conformation by the reaction of 1,3-dipropyloxycalix[4]arenes with a dibenzo dimesylates. Complexation toward alkali metal ions using ISEs showed a high cesium selectivity. Conformational flexibility of the corresponding 1,3-alternate calixcrown ether (4) with respect to the NMR time scale is found to depend on the temperature and polarity of the NMR solvent.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.413-418
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• 2009

Existing literature on the CRM [Customer Relationship Management] has emphasized the marketing strategies between the franchisor and franchisee. In this study, we focused instead on factors involved in forging relationships based on marketing strategies between franchisee and the customers. A survey questionnaire was completed by 250 customers of Korean-style food franchises located in Seoul and Inchon. Each questions is based on a 5-point likert-type scale. After initial data recording, 41 questionnaires were deleted from the data set because of missing or insincerely answer. Finally, the sample data of 209 questionnaires were used for the statistical analysis. The data were analyzed with SPSS version 13.0 software to assess consumer satisfaction, trust, and support/reputation on flexibility and commitment. Regression analysis was performed to analyze the relationship between flexibility and commitment. Satisfaction and support/reputation significantly influenced flexibility, both satisfaction and trust significantly influenced commitment, and both flexibility and commitment significantly influenced the restaurant-consumer relationship.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.1178-1187
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• 2011

인지 복합성과 대처 유연성은 심리적 적응에 밀접한 관계를 가진다는 기존 연구에 근거한다면 상담의 주요과정인 역전이 관리능력에도 정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있을 것으로 추론할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 상담자의 인지 복합성과 대처 유연성이 역전이 관리능력에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보았다. 본 연구를 위해 서울 및 수도권 소재의 대학생활 상담소, 상담센터, 학교, 병원 등에 근무하는 상담자 128명(여 108명, 남 20명)을 대상으로 하여 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 상담자의 인지 복합성 수준에 따른 역전이 관리능력에는 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났으나, 상담자의 대처 유연성의 수준에 따라서는 역전이 관리능력에 유의미한 차이가 있었다. 또한 중다회귀에서 역전이 관리능력에 있어서 대처 유연성이 인지 복합성에 비해 보다 많은 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 역전이 관리능력을 함양하기 위한 방안으로 상담자의 대처유연성을 향상시키는 것이 중요함을 시사하며 이에 초점을 둔 상담자 훈련 프로그램 개발이 필요하다.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.278-294
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• 1999

The PACE (People nth Arthritis Can Exercise) is an exercise program developed by the Arthritis Foundation to improve muscle strength and joint flexibility for patients with arthritis. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of PACE program on self-efficacy, pain, and joint function in the Korean immigrant elderly. The PACE program was held twice a week for 6 weeks for Korean immigrant elderly who had osteoarthritis. Twenty four subjects completed the program, who were recruited in two places : 10 elderly in a senior residential apartment, and 14 elderly in a senior center supported by Congregated Meal Program for Korean Elderly. Self-efficacy(Sherer et al., 1982), pain severity(by using Visual Analogue Scale), and number of painful joints were measured before and after the PACE program. To examine the joint flexibility and strengthening, the followings were measured : the extent of the upward arm reach in both sides(flexibility of shoulder), the ability to touch fingertips of the both hands in back pat and rub(flexibility of arm), the degree of range of motion(ROM) of both ankles in their dorsiflexion(flexibility of ankle) and plantarflexion with standing with toe(strengthening of ankle), and the degree of knee extension. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used for data analysis and the significance of the differences in the variables was examined to compare the data obtained before and after the PACE program. After the PACE, followings were found : 1. Self-efficacy was significantly increased. 2. Pain severity and number of painful Joints was significantly decreased. 3. The flexibility of both shoulders and arms were significantly improved, but the flexibility of knee was not changed. 4. The flexibility and strengthening of both ankle was significantly improved. In conclusion, PACE was clearly proved to be an effective exercise program to promote self-efficacy, to reduce pain, and to enhance joint function in the elderly with osteoarthritis. It is suggested that the PACE program should be recommended as one of the useful and appropriate nursing interventions for elderly with osteoarthritis.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.109-126
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• 2003

This study was designed 10 investigate the effects of therapeutic gymnastic ball exercise on pain, flexibility, lumbar disability level and daily activity levels in male patients of the armed forces medical hospital who complain of chronic low back pain. Twenty-three males were placed in the experimental group and twenty-nine males were placed in the control group. All of the subjects were chosen on the basis of availability among in-patients who were diagnosed with low back pain. The control patients were matched to the experimental group and they were selected considering gender, pain duration and age. Gymnastic ball exercise therapy was developed by the author with the assistance of a rehabilitation specialist. Gymnastic ball exercise therapy includes muscle relaxation, flexibility, muscle strength and posture development exercises. The gymnastic ball exercise therapy was carried out by the experimental group three times a week for eight weeks. Before and after the experiments, the intensity of pain, the lumbar joint mobility (flexibility), the lumbar disability levels, and the daily activity levels of the subjects were measured, respectively. The intensity of pain and the lumbar disability levels were measured by the Visual Analogue Scale, the level of flexibility by a measurement ruler, and the level of disability by the Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Scale. Data were analysed using a t-test, a paired t-test and an unpaired t-test. The results were as follows: 1. The intensity of pain in the lumbar spine in the experimental group was significantly decreased compared with that of the control group during the 4th week and 8th week. 2. The flexibility of the lumbar spine in the experimental group was significantly increased compared with that of the control group during the 4th week and 8 week. 3. The level of pain caused by anterior, posterior, left lateral and right lateral bending and by rotation in experimental group was significantly decreased compared with that of the control group. 4. The Oswestry Disability score of the experimental group was significantly increased compared with that of control group. These findings indicate that gymnastic ball exercise therapy could be effective in decreasing pain and lumbar disability, and increasing the daily activity levels and lumbar flexibility in patients with chronic low back pain. The study also suggests that gymnastic ball exercise therapy could be an essential factor for effective nursing intervention for patients suffering from chronic low back pain.