• 대한간호학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.379-388
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a tool to evaluate patient safety culture in nursing homes and to test its validity and reliability. Methods: A preliminary tool was developed through interviews with focus group, content validity tests, and a pilot study. A nationwide survey was conducted from February to April, 2011, using self-report questionnaires. Participants were 982 employees in nursing homes. Data were analyzed using Cronbach's alpha, item analysis, factor analysis, and multitrait/multi-Item analysis. Results: From the results of the analysis, 27 final items were selected from 49 items on the preliminary tool. Items with low correlation with total scale were excluded. The 4 factors sorted by factor analysis contributed 63.4% of the variance in the total scale. The factors were labeled as leadership, organizational system, working attitude, management practice. Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency was .95 and the range for the 4 factors was from .86 to .93. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the Korean Patient Safety Culture Scale has reliability and validity and is suitable for evaluation of patient safety culture in Korean nursing homes.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.613-630
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a scale measuring the Patient-Centered Nursing Culture (PCNC) and provide a basic tool to improve PCNC in Korea. Methods: A conceptual framework and construct factors were extracted through extensive literature review and in-depth interviews with nursing professionals. In total, 59 items were derived based on the pilot survey. Data were collected from 357 nurses working at general hospitals and analyzed for verifying the reliability and validity of the scale. Results: Nine factors containing 54 items were extracted from the exploratory factor analysis to verify the construct validity. The nine factors were top management leadership, policy and procedure, education and training, middle management leadership, supportive teamwork, nursing workplace environment, professional competence, patient-centered nursing activity, and nurses' values. These items were verified by convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity testing. The internal consistency reliability was acceptable (Cronbach's ${\alpha}=.96$). Conclusion: The developed PCNC scale is expected to be used as the tool for the development of theory and improvement of PCNC, the empirical testing for cause and effect of PCNC, the development of interventions, education and training programs for improving PCNC, and indicators for evaluation or accreditation of hospital service quality.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.242-251
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• 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between calling, clinical performance, role conflict, and organizational socialization and to evaluate the factors associated with organizational socialization of new nurses. Methods: This study design was cross-sectional correlational study. The participants of this study were new nurses 171 at general hospitals in Jeollabuk-do. Data was collected between August 1 to 20, 2018 from questionnaire responses and were analyzed with descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis. Results: The average calling rating was 2.47±0.59 (rated on a scale of 1~4), clinical performance rating was 3.55±0.52 (rated on a scale of 1~5), role conflict rating was 3.29±0.59 (rated on a scale of 1~5), and organizational socialization rating 3.19±0.41 (rated on a scale of 1~5). Calling, clinical performance, role conflict, gender, and work in the desired unit were the significant factors influencing organizational socialization of new nurses. Conclusion: These findings indicate that strategies are needed to improve organizational socialization of new nurses to ensure effective management of personnel. Moreover, it is necessary to develop a program to cultivate the nursing calling, enhance clinical performance, and resolve role conflicts among new nurses.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.16-27
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to develop of learning strategy scale for college students. This study further classified several sub-areas and defined each concepts of learning strategy. Based upon the classification of each sub-areas, tentative test items were developed through the verification of validity by three professionals. A pilot study of the developed scale was administered to 239 college students. And the research collected major data from 1,012 college students. Data were analyzed to obtain item quality, reliability, and validity analysis. The results of this study were as follows. The scale for learning strategy was defined by eight factors and they were 'self-management strategy', 'examination-readiness strategy', 'cognitive strategy', 'memorizing strategy', 'reporting strategy', 'resource-utilization strategy', 'self-regulated strategy', 'cooperative learning strategy'. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis proved the eight factors in the learning strategy. And criterion validity evidence was also obtained from a correlation analysis of the level of academic achievement.

• 복식
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• 제67권1호
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• pp.95-109
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• 2017

The objectives of this study are to develop a cosmetic involvement scale focusing on Korean men in their 20s and 30s, verify its validity and examine the characteristics of this group. The results of this study's analyses showed that cosmetic involvement scale could be classified into 5 factors: 'trend & interest involvement', 'prestige sensitivity involvement', 'price and value involvement', 'skin involvement,' and 'obligatory involvement'. Also the cosmetic involvement of the target group was classified into 'amusing high-involvement group', 'rational low-involvement group', and 'obligatory high-involvement group'. This study has significance in showing differences of cosmetic involvement factors by gender and proposing a cosmetic involvement scale of Korean men in their 20s and 30s, which has taken men's distinctiveness into consideration.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.76-84
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was done to develop a cell phone addiction scale for Korean children. Methods: The process included construction of a conceptual framework, generation of initial items, verification of content validity, selection of secondary items, preliminary study, and extraction of final items. The participants were 268 children from grades 4 to 6 in two urban elementary schools. Construct validity, internal consistence reliability, and split-half reliability were used to analyze the data. Results: Nine items were categorized into 2 factors explaining 61.29% of total variance. The factors were labeled as obsessive compulsion (6 items) and dependency (3 items). Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the 9 items was .87, and Spearman-Brown coefficient was .83. Scale scores identified children as high risk users, at risk users, or average users by standard scores. Conclusion: The above findings indicate that the cell phone addiction scale for children has good validity and reliability when used with Korean children.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.57-72
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to develop wholistic Family Functioning Scale for Korean family bases on FFS of Tavitian et al. The data for this study was got from the sample survey of 370 mothers who had children of education period living in Seoul and kyunggi-do. The major findings were summarized as follows: 1) Through item discrimination method 34 items of the total items showed a high index ranged from .29. to .77 of discrimination coefficient 2) Factor analytic procedures selected 29 items among 34 items and extracted 4 factors(Positive Fmaily Emotion Family Communication Participation in Family Event and Sharing Family Worries) These factors accounted for 93.03% of the total variance. 3) A multiple regression analysis conducted to reduce the number of items yielded 26 items for the Family Functioning Scale 4) Internal consistency reliability for this scale showed high internal consistency(Cronbach's a= .86)

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.381-407
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 사회적 재난으로 인한 간접외상 척도(ITSSD: Indirect Trauma Scale of Social Disaster)를 개발하고 그 타당도를 검증하였다. ITSSD의 문항구성을 위해 경험적 기술문을 수집하였고 탐색적 요인분석을 실시하여 21개 문항으로 최종 선정하였다. 연구 결과, 사회적 재난으로 인한 간접외상 척도의 문항 내적 일치도가 높았으며(Cronbach's α=.95) 확인적 요인분석 결과 개인의 대응 반응, 가해자에 대한 반응, 세상에 대한 불신 반응, 증상 반응 4요인으로 구성되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 외상 후 위기 체크리스트, 상태-특성 불안검사, 한국판 수용-행동 척도, 용서 특질 척도, 삶의 만족도 척도와의 상관을 살펴보면 결과, 준거타당도가 검증되었다. 마지막으로 본 척도가 사회적 재난으로 인한 간접외상에 취약한 집단과 취약하지 않은 집단을 변별하는 기능을 잘 할 수 있는지에 대해서 확인하기 위해 성차를 살펴본 결과, 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내는 것으로 나타났다. 추가적으로 본 연구의 함의, 한계 및 추후연구에 관한 제안을 제시하였다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.131-141
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• 1990

Recently, the rate of cesarean section in Korea has been increasing. The results of several previous studies in foreign countries on the emotional responses of cesarean section mothers showed that they might experience difficulties in the mother- infant interaction due to fatigue, lack of early mother - infant interaction, disappointments, anger, feelings of loss of control, and other factors. Human behavior is said to be determined by one's self concept, and self concept is influenced by both internal and external environmental factors. A scale to measure the self concept of cesarean section mothers was needed in order to identify those who might have difficulties in the mother- infant interactions in future. The purposes of this study were to develop a measuring scale, and to test its reliability and validity. The process of this study was as follows. A structured interview was done with 50 cesarean section and vaginal delivery mothers to find their state of emotional reaction after giving birth to their babies. Based on the results of the interviews, a 50 items Likert scale was developed. The self concept of 268 cesarean section and vaginal delivery mothers who were hospitalized at six hospital in seoul were measured, during the period between Feb. 1 and April 30. Reviewing the discriminating power of each item by means of crosstabulation, ten items were selected for the final scale. The reliability and validity of this ten item scale were tested by Cronbach's alpha and t-test, using spss pc＋package. The results of this study and recommendation are as follows. 1. The ten selected items were as follows. I feel pains in my breast. (－) I have a good appetite now. (＋) I feel pains in my flank. (－) I feel fine now. (＋) My body seems to have returned to its prepregnant state. (＋) Thinking of the delivery process, I feel sorry. (－) I want to hold my baby in my arms. (＋) I want to keep my own life, even if I became a mother. (－) I want to delegate the care of the baby to my mother / mother in law. (－) I think baby is my alter ego. (＋) 2. The reliability of this scale was tested by Cronbach's alpha, and the coefficient of this scale was .8066. 3. The construct validity of this scale was tested by means of known group methods. The value of self concept for cesarean section mother was significantly lower than for vaginal delivery mothers(t＝-5.51, df＝266, p＝0.007). 4. The criterion validity of this scale was tested indirectly. Though this scale could discriminate the differences in the self concept between cesarean section and vaginal delivery mothers, the five items on the personal self concept scale didn's show any differences between cesarean section and vaginal delivery mothers. Therefore, the study indicates that those who shows lower values in the personal self concept measurement, that is, lower than 12.03 points, could be regaled as “risk mothers” 5. Further studies using this scale to clarify the influencing factors on negative self concept are strongly recommended.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.243-253
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to develop Nurse's Suffering Experience Scale and to test the reliability and validity of the instrument. Method: The subjects used to verify the scale's reliability and validity were 220 nurses who were taking care of the end stage cancer patients, while working at university and general hospitals in Daegu and Kyungbuk province from April 20. to July 10, 2001. The data was analyzed by the SPSS/WIN 8.0 program. Results: A factor analysis was conducted, and items that had a factor loading more than .40, and an eigen value more than 1.0. were selected. The factor analysis classified a total of seven factors statistically, and it's communality was 44%. The explanation of factors based on the conceptual framework and item content are as follows: The first factor was expanding self consciousness, the second factor was forming empathy with family, the third factor was professional challenge, the fourth factor was change of values, the fifth factor was spiritual sublimation, the sixth factor was helplessness, and finally the seventh factor was rejection to death. Cronbach's coefficient to test reliability of the scale was .8665 for total of 44 items. The Scale for Nurse's Suffering Experience developed in the study was identified as a tool with a high degree of reliability and validity. Therefore this scale can be effectively utilized for the evaluation of the degree of nurse's suffering experience in clinical settings.