• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.738-745
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of sanitary education on the sanitary knowledge and performance levels of school foodservice employees in Gyeonggi-do, particularly in Siheung, Ansan, Gunpo and Anyang City. Four times we provided questionnaires consisting of the same content to each individual. The first and second questionnaires were answered before and after the first sanitary education, respectively, and the third and forth questionnaires were answered before and after the second sanitary education, respectively. The changes in sanitary knowledge and performance level before and after education were statistically significantly different(p<0.01). Most of the school foodservice operations performed sanitary education once a month, and recognized the need for sanitary education as well as experienced improvements through sanitary education. Moreover, the fact that sanitary knowledge following the second education was higher than after the first education suggests the possibility of improving sanitary practices of foodservice employees through continual education.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.264-275
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• 2008

Seven constructs of sanitary management were evaluated in order to examine perceived performance of sanitary management and sanitary recognition for school food service managers in the Kyunggido area. In order to protect from foodborne illness, 331 (58.4%) responded that the most important aspects were sanitary conditions and stability upon food delivery, and the greatest obstacle was limited availability of facilities and equipment (182, 32.2%). The total mean score for the perceived performance of sanitary management was $4.16{\pm}0.445$ (5-point Likert scale). Among three sectors, personal hygiene management was generally well-conducted with a subtotal mean score of $4.52{\pm}0.458$; however temperature management scored lowest with a subtotal mean of $3.71{\pm}0.630$. Chi-square tests were performed according to general characteristics on the two lowest perceived sanitary management performance areas. In temperature management, there was a significant difference in 5 sectors according to age, and the ages $20{\sim}29$ showed the best perceived performance in all sectors. For serving management, a significant difference (p<0.01) was shown in all sectors. In conclusion, foodservice managers perceive that sanitary management is well-executed. However, the combination of proper equipments and facilities would lead to better perceived management.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.301-309
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• 2009

This study investigated school food service employees' recognition of sanitation and sanitary education in the Kyunggi area of Korea. In terms of personal hygiene, over 90% of the food service employees acknowledged personal hygiene and regarded it as important. Inspection of personal hygiene before cooking occurred "everyday" (85.5%); however, 17.2% continued cooking after dissatisfactory personal hygiene was identified. The food service employees thought that contaminated food materials (35.3%) was the biggest cause of foodborne illness. Approximately 71.4% of the respondents answered that sanitation education and testing related to cooking were conducted "once every month". In addition, 56.4% answered that education on cooking sanitation was "lots of help" and 36.3% answered it was "very helpful". Upon examining the food service employees' awareness about cooking sanitation over 90% were aware of sanitary cooking methods, and 46.1% responded that their biggest difficulty in performing sanitary cooking procedures was excessive work duties due to a lack of food service employees.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.62-66
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• 1994

Nitrous Oxide( NaO), one of the green house gases, is not confirmed it's sources, sinl life time in the atmosphere clearly so far, In this paper, the emission sources physical characteristics, concentration in the air, monitoring method and distribution for the global warming gas were summarized.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.746-752
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of HACCP education on improvements of knowledge in school foodservice employees in Gyeonggi-do, particularly in Anyang, Ansan, Siheung and Hwasung City. A first and second questionnaire was answered both before and after HACCP education that was directed by a dietitian. The change in HACCP knowledge after education, as compared to before, was statistically significant(p<0.01). Specifically, the average score after education increased more than 30 points in CCP2 and CCP6, and more than 60 points in CCP3. Most of the school foodservice operations performed sanitary education once a month; however, they did not perform regular HACCP education. The fact that the level of sanitary knowledge was different after HACCP education than before suggests the possibility of improving the sanitary performance levels of foodservice employees through continual education.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.569-574
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• 2008

Recently, the domestic remodeling market is increased in scale. This study is to develop the sanitary piping system which improves quality of life and facility performance when the aged public housing is remodeled. Above all, we found out three standard floor plans in bathrooms of the public housing. And then, the plan and section types of the sanitary piping system were developed for the on-floor piping, a construction cost of each section types was estimated to review the economical fact. Also, the field mock-up test was performed in the type of the pipe shaft with on-floor pit. In result, the developed sanitary piping system was available for the remodeling public housing without a great facility cost. Additionally, the sanitary pipe was replaced easily through the shaft and on-floor fit. And a noise was reduced to a lower unit when the water flowed down.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.746-755
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• 2011

A survey on the status of sanitary education and recognition and perceived performance of cooking operations related to sanitation for cooks at nine deluxe hotels in the Seoul area was conducted. The frequency of a food sanitary training program inside the hotel was 94.0%, and the frequency of training was 'once a month' at 68.5%. The program was taught by a hygienist in the hotel (62.7%), and 64.2% of cooks always attended. Cooks' recognition of HACCP was 3.52, and the importance of education on HACCP was higher at 3.77. Cook's' level of sanitary management was satisfactory with an average of 3.83 out of 5 in a Likert scale. The results showed a high average (4.08) for importance of personal hygiene during cooking, but satisfaction of personal hygiene was rather low at 3.92. Cooks' recognition of food sanitation in work field was very high at 4.15. The average scale of recognition on personal hygiene was 4.36, and out of 10 items related to personal hygiene, 'maintaining hand hygiene' showed the highest recognition (4.43). In a performance scale, the average was 4.24, and 'performing annual health examination' was the highest at 4.38. Perceived recognition of 18 items related to food sanitation had an average of 4.41, whereas the average for performance was lower at 4.31. Perceived recognition of 12 items related to cooking equipments had an average of 4.39, and average scale of performance was 4.28. Therefore, cooks' high recognition of food sanitation but rather low recognition of satisfaction of personal hygiene and perceived performance indicated that systematic sanitation management monitoring tools are necessary for higher performance.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.393-398
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• 1962

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.589-596
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• 2007

The level of hygiene practices varies depending on a variety of factors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the level of hygiene practices performed in the contract foodservice establishments based on several variables, and to also determine the possible effects of each variable on the performance level of hygiene practices. We surveyed 215 contract foodservice establishments, excluding school facilities, managed by a large-scale contract foodservice company. The survey used a formulated sanitary checklist to evaluate the level of hygiene practices performed in the foodservice establishments. The sanitary checklist consisted of a total of 52 items in all 6 categories including personal sanitation and process control. The collected data underwent a series of analyses such as frequency analysis, ANOVA, and correspondence analysis of means using SPSS. from the results, we found significant differences among groups in categories such as the existence of a person in charge and types of business. A higher foodstuff cost had a tendency to correlate with a higher performance level for sanitary maintenance, but there was no significance on a statistical level.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.32 no.1 s.88
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• pp.77-88
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• 2006

This study were conducted to investigate the microbial contamination level in 5 tomato farms in Western Gyeongnam. A total of 130 samples was examined for sanitary indicator bacteria, such as aerobic plate count (APC), coliforms, and Escherchia coli, and pathogenic bacteria such as E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes. APC and coliform count ranged $0\~6.62\;and\;0\~4.52 log_{10}\;CFU/(ml,\;g,\;100\;cm^2,\;hand)$, respectively, and $32.5\%$ were contaminated with E. coli. Especially, most of the samples from employees are high as above $4.0\;log_{10}\;CFU/(ml,\;g,\;100\;cm^2,\;hand)$ in APC. S. aureus, detected at $10.7\%$, was found in employees' hands, irrigation water, and hydroponic solution. whereas E. coli $O157:H7$, Salmonella spp, and L. monocytogenes were not detected. These results will provide fundamental microbiological information for introduction of good agricultural practice (GAP)system in tomato farms.