• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.62-69
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of an integrative weight control program including East Asian traditional medicine on the degree of obesity and body compositions. Method: Using one group pre-post test design, 63 subjects aged 19 years or older were conveniently recruited from D University hospital. The weight control program consisted of acupuncture, aerobic exercise, moderate caloric restriction, and behavioral modification for weight loss. Paired t-tests were conducted using the SPSS V18.0. Results: Body weight (t=10.44, p<.001), body fat mass (t=11.47, p<.001), percentage of body fat (t=11.49, p<.001), the degree of obesity (t=10.48, p<.001), body mass index (t=10.66, p<.001), waist circumference (t=10.25, p<.001), hip circumference (t=6.10, p<.001), and WHR (t=2.21, p=.040) decreased after administering the integrative weight control program. Conclusion: This integrative weight control program effectively reduced the obesity degree and percentage of body fat. Further study is needed to replicate our program in a larger sample with control group to validate the findings.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.41-44
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• 2011

Molecular compositions of two types of heavy oil were studied using positive atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). Vacuum gas oil (VGO) was generated from vacuum distillation of atmospheric residual oil (AR), and slurry oil (SLO) was generated from catalytic cracking of AR. These heavy oils have similar boiling point ranges in the range of 210-$650^{\circ}C$, but they showed different mass ranges and double-bond equivalent (DBE) distributions. Using DBE and carbon number distributions, aromatic ring distributions, and the extent of alkyl side chains were estimated. In addition to the main aromatic hydrocarbon compounds, those containing sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen heteroatoms were identified using simple sample preparation and ultra-high mass resolution FT-ICR MS analysis. VGO is primarily composed of mono- and di-aromatic hydrocarbons as well as sulfur-containing hydrocarbons, whereas SLO contained mainly polyaromatic hydrocarbons and sulfur-containing hydrocarbons. Both heavy oils contain polyaromatic nitrogen components. SLO inludes shorter aromatic alkyl side chains than VGO. This study demonstrates that APPI FT-ICR MS is useful for molecular composition characterization of petroleum heavy oils obtained from different refining processes.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.197-200
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• 1983

This study is concerned with quality and analysis of nutritive value of commercially available honey and pollen load. Of thirteen kind of commercially available honeys, acid levels were less than KP IV standard. Color reaction for ammonia, resorcine and varium chloride was negative and trace of starch and dextrine was not detected. There were no extraneous materials in honey samples. Specific gravity of sample was slightly higher than KP IV standard. Total ash lied between 0.01 and 0.15% of honey weight which was less than KP IV standard, except 0.56% of Castanea Honey. Studies on mineral compositions (AAS) for honeys and pollen loads showed that $Na^+,\;K^+,\;Ca^{2+},\;Fe^{2+}\;Cu^{2+}\;and\;CO^{2+}$ were the most commonly occuring minerals. Pollen loads showed higher levels of mineral contents than honeys. Castanea Honey revealed rich in minerals. $Cd^{2+}\;and\;Pb^{2+}$ were found relatively higher level in Robinia Honey. Reducing sugar level showed $60{\sim}70$ in honeys and $25{\sim}30$ in pollen loads. Non reducing sugar varied between 2 to 7% in pollen loads.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.29-40
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• 1993

Several vermiculite deposits occur as the alteration product from phlogopite in ultramafic rock, in the Hongseong and Cheongyang area, South Korea. Some quarries show well-defined weathering profile. Samples collected from those quarries were examined by XRD and chemistry to define a vertical variations in mineralogy and chemistry of the weathering profile developed on ultramafic rocks. The analysis by X-ray diffractometry showed that mineral compositions changed continuously as depth of profile increasing, the vermiculite-the phlogopite/vermiculite interstratified-the phlogopite. Chemical analysis of bulk samples in altered zone revealed that regardless of composition and kinds of mineral in the rock, there are significant increase of MgO, CaO and $H_2O$, and decrease of K as depth of profile decrease reflecting the characteristics in vermiculitization. Also, there was a tendency that weathering indicies of each sample horizon change gradually with increasing depth. This tendency can be explained as variations of degree of vermiculitization. The regular changes of mineralogical and chemical composition in vertical profile suggest that weathering is the most important process in vermiculitization in this area.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.147-151
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• 1988

The preference, chemical composition, intake, digestibility and chewing efficiency of collected herbage sample from sheep using esophageal fistula and fecal collection method were compared to those of offered herbage samples on the native and improved pastures at the 3rd flush stage(25 cm grass height). Experimental field was treated by one plot design and the begining of September 1987, at Chungnam National University, Daejon. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Preference indices were not different among herbage species on improved pasture, while those on in native pasture were markedly different and this difference seemed to depend on diet selection. 2. Chemical compositions of collected herbage samples were different from those of offered herbage samples. Crude protein content was significantly high on native pasture, but NDF, cellulose and lignin content were significantly low on improved pasture (p < 0.01). 3. DM intake, digestibility and herbage utilization percent on improved pasture were significantly higher than those on native pasture (P < 0.01). 4. Eating rate, ruminating and chewing efficiency were influenced by the amounts of NDF intake. Therefore, eating rate, ruminating and chewing efficiency on improved pasture tended to be higher than those on native pasture (p <0.01).

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.811-819
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• 1989

There have been many studies on the biological phenomena of Bioglasses, which nay be used as implant materials in human body. However, not many works on the Bioglass compositions have been reported. In the present study, the effect of Al2O3 substitution for SiO2 in Bioglass of Na2O-CaO-P2O5-SiO2 system on its structure and properties was examined. Infrared and Raman spectroscopic studies for the glass structural analysis, differential thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis for crystallization of the glass were perfomed. Several physical properties, such as thermal expansion coefficient, softening point, microhardness and reaction phenomena, were also measured. The major crystalline phase, after heat treatment of the glasses, was Na2Ca2(SiO2)3 and the crystal was transformed into other phase with increased substitution of Al2O3. The added Al2O3 reduced non-bridging oxygen in glass structure and thermal expansion coefficient, but increased glass density, sofening point and microhardness. When the glasses are reacted in Tris-buffer solution, the substituted Al2O3 inhibited the formation of hydroxyapatite on the Bioglas surface, and no hydroxyapatite was formed for the sample which contained more than 6wt.% of Al2O3 even if they were reacted for 600 hours.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.45 no.11
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• pp.667-674
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• 2008

In this study, we prepared Fe-activated carbon fiber(ACF)/$TiO_2$ composites with titanium (VI) n-butoxide (TNB) as the titanium source for ACF pre-treated with iron compounds through the impregnation method. In terms of textural surface properties, the composites demonstrate a slight decrease in the BET surface area of the samples and an increase in the amount of iron compounds treated. The surface morphology of the Fe-ACF/$TiO_2$ composites was characterized by means of SEM. The composites have a porous texture with homogenous compositions of Fe and titanium dioxide distributed on the sample surfaces. The phase formation and structural transition of the iron compounds and titanium dioxide were observed in X-ray diffraction patterns of the Fe-ACF/$TiO_2$ composites. The chemical composition of the Fe-ACF/$TiO_2$ composites, which was investigated with EDX shows strong peaks for the C, O, Fe and Ti elements. The photo degradation results confirm that the Fe-ACF/$TiO_2$ composites show excellent removal activity for the COD in piggery waste due to photocatalysis of the supported $TiO_2$, radical reaction by Fe species, and the adsorptivity and absorptivity of ACF.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.353-358
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• 2006

Alpha track analysis for the determination of the trace amount of alpha emitting nuclides in a very small particle was performed as an efficient and powerful technique during safeguard inspection. Metal particles with well-defined spherical shape, size and isotopic compositions as a reference material were used to correlate the number of tracks or track diameter with an isotopic composition eventually to identify the uranium enrichment in the environmental swipe samples. Slopes in the number of tracks versus the exposure time curve provide a simple insight into the uranium enrichment of an unknown particle. Low enriched uranium metal particles result in slopes still steeper than the depleted or natural uranium metal particles. In addition, a linear relationship between track diameter and particle size Is thought to be a useful first stage analytical tool as an efficient and convenient inspection guide. The significance of the simple linear model was also judged using the usual statistical tests.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.410-419
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• 1991

Four domestic bentonite samples collected from the south-eastern area of Korea were identified as Ca-bentonite by analysing XRD-patterns and chemical compositions. By comparing the surface area, CEC and the swelling rate of these samples, Dong-Hae A was selected as a suitable sample for the investigation of distribution coefficients. Sorption equilibrium of Cs, Co and Am was reached in around 10 days, but that of Sr was found to be much earlier. From the measured distribution coefficients, the domestic bentonite was found to have high sorption capacity. In the effect of varying concentration on the distribution coefficient, the values of radionuclides peaked at about 10$^{-7}$ mo1/$\ell$ of concentration.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.356-362
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• 2009

The objective of this study was to investigate the biological activities of fermented mugworts and their effects on the lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemia-induced rats. The proximate compositions of two kinds of mugwort, Artemisia capillaris Thumberg and Artemisiae asiaticae Nakai, were compared before and after fermentation. In both types of mugwort crude protein and amino nitrogen contents markedly increased with fermentation. Thrombolytic activity determined from the size of the clear zone on a fibrin plate was higher for the Artemisiae asiaticae Nakai, especially in the fermented sample. Antioxidative activity according to DPPH(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging effects was higher for Artemisia capillaris Thumberg but no significant differences were found between the samples after fermentation. The body weights of hyperlipidemia-induced rats that were fed the mugworts for 4 weeks were lower than those of the control group. In all the mugwort-fed rats serum total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels remarkably decreased. Furthermore the fermented mugworts were found to be more effective at decreasing triglyceride (TG) levels. It is also noteworthy that the highest HDL-cholesterol levels were observed in the rats treated with the fermented Artemisiae asiaticae Nakai. And fatty liver weights were higher in the rats fed Artemisia capillaris Thumberg. In conclusion the feeding of fermented Artemisiae asiaticae Nakai was effective for increasing thrombolytic activity and HDL-cholesterol levels as well as reducing TG levels in rats.