• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2012년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.91-92
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• 2012

RC structure which is located at shoreline has more serious damages compared with inland structure, because it is directly exposed to chlorine ion which is called incoming salt. In the transmission of incoming salt, differences in transmitted volume of incoming salts could occur according to the influences of local shoreline topography which includes surrounding weather conditions, types of building placements, obstacles of wind tunnel etc. And therefore, for the application of boundary conditions for durable offshore structure design against the salt attack, comparative analysis through wind tunnel test and fluid value simulation are executed in order to investigate the moving and adhesion process of incoming salt to offshore structure.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.852-858
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• 2007

The durability of carbon/epoxy composites under salt water environment was investigated through salt water spray tester. Salt water environment was obtained through salt spray and salt immersion. 5% NaCl solution was used for salt water as natural salt water. Mechanical test was performed to obtain tensile properties, flexural properties, and shear properties of carbon/epoxy composite over 12 months under salt water environment. Dynamic mechanical analyzer was used to investigate thermal analysis properties such storage modulus, loss modulus, and tan ${\delta}$. Also FT/IR test was conducted to investigate a change in chemical structure. According to the results, mechanical properties were found to be slowly degraded as a function of exposure times. Regarding to thermal analysis properties, storage modulus was insensitive to exposure times, but loss modulus was shown to be slightly decreased. Although the shape and location of peak in FT/IR were not much changed, the intensity of peak in FT/IR was affected on exposure times. We also found that salt water immersion was more severe to the durability of carbon/epoxy composite rather than salt water spray.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.391-396
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• 2005

Salt water spray test and salt water immersion test were experimentally conducted in order to investigate the durability of fiber reinforced composites under salt water environment. The specimens were made of glass fabric reinforcement and phenolic resin. Mechanical test was performed to obtain mechanical properties such as tensile properties, flexural properties, and shear properties by varying with exposure times. Also dynamic mechanical test and FTIR were conducted to investigate a change in chemical structure as well as thermal analysis properties such as storage shear modulus, loss shear moduls, and tan ${\delta}$. According to the results, salt water environment has effected on mechanical properties and thermal analysis properties and especially the durability of glass fabric/phenolic composites were severely affected on salt water immersion environment rather than salt water spray environment.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제62권4호
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• pp.577-586
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• 2020

This study was to investigate the effect of salt alone or in combination with phosphate on physicochemical and textural properties, and chemical interactions of low-fat model sausages. pH, color, expressible moisture (EM), cooking loss (CL), proximate analysis, textural profile analysis and low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy were performed. As salt content increased, color tended to decrease, as did EM and CL parameters, indicating that the ability to retain moisture was improved with increased salt levels (p < 0.05). In addition, textural hardness, gumminess and chewiness all increased with increasing salt (p < 0.05). Sausages with 0.3% salt showed the lowest cohesiveness compared to those with salt levels higher than 0.3% (p < 0.05). Addition of sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) increased pH of sausages. Increasing salt and STPP did not affect lightness (p > 0.05), but did increase redness and yellowness (p < 0.05). The moisture content was higher when the salt and STPP contents were increased (p < 0.05), but no differences in the fat and protein contents (%) were observed (p > 0.05). EM and CL tended to decrease with increasing salt and STPP. In textural properties, the combination of 1.8% salt and 0.3% STPP was the best among other treatment (p < 0.05). Surface microstructure showed a flat and dense structure with increasing salt and STPP. Since the addition of salt and phosphate improved the functionality, textural and physicochemical properties of meat products in this study, meat products will need to be developed in line with consumer's preference.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2011년도 학술발표회
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• pp.58-58
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• 2011

The Texas Commission on Environmental Quality(TCEQ) WAM(Water Availability Modeling) System consists of the generalized Water Rights Analysis Package(WRAP) river/reservoir system water management simulation model, 22 sets of WRAP hydrology and water rights input files for the 23 river basins of Texas, geographic information system tools, and other supporting databases. The WRAP/WAM modeling system, as routinely applied since the late 1990s, has not included consideration of water quality. Recently developed WRAP-SALT(Water Rights Analysis Package) is designed primarily for computing concentration frequency statistics and supply reliability indices at locations of interest in a river system for alternative water development and management scenarios. Though motivated primarily by natural salt pollution, WRAP-SALT water quality modeling features are applicable to essentially any conservative water quality constituent. The Brazos River studies discussed in this paper focus on total dissolved solids, though the available observed data also includes chloride and sulfate which can be modeled as individual constituents. The WRAP-SALT salinity input file contains loads or concentrations of salinity inflows during each month of the hydrologic period-of-analysis and reservoir storage at the beginning of the simulation. The WRAP-SALT model computes salt loads and concentrations for each control point of a river/reservoir system for inflows and outflows during the month and end-of-month reservoir storage for each month of the hydrologic period-of-analysis, for given loads entering the system. River reaches connect control points. The mass balance algorithms proceed from upstream to downstream, with outflow from one river reach contributing to inflow to the next downstream reach. In a given month, for each control point in sequence, the inflow loads are first computed. Loads and concentrations of outflows and reservoir storage at the control point are then determined. Complete mixing during the month is assumed at locations without reservoir storage.

• 약학회지
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• 제24권3_4호
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• pp.159-165
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• 1980

Tetrathiocyanatocobaltate[II] forms complexes with tertiary amine salts or quarternary ammonium salts which were extractable from aqueous solution by organic solvent. In order to study composition of the complex, the colored crystalline complexes produced were evaluated with elemental analysis, infrared and mass spectra. And also a novel spectrophotometric method for the determination of tertiary amine salt or quarternary ammonium salt with tetrathiocyanatocobaltate[II] was established by organic solvent extraction within coefficient of variation of 1.06-1.35%.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2010

전해정련공정을 통해 생산된 우라늄 전착물은 약 30%의 용융염을 포함하고 있으므로, 순수한 우라늄을 회수하여 금속 잉곳으로 용이하게 제조하기 위해서는 용융염을 먼저 제거하는 공정이 필요하다. 우라늄 전착물의 염증류 거동을 고찰하기 위해서는 염증류의 주요 공정변수인 유지온도와 진공압의 염제거율에 대한 영향를 고찰해야 한다. 이전 연구에서 우라늄전착물에 대한 염증류 거동에 대해 Hertz-Langmuir 관계식을 적용하여 각 용융염의 휘발 조건에 대해 염휘발계수를 얻을 수 있었으며 이로부터 우라늄 전착물에 대해 99% 이상의 염제거율을 나타내는 염증류공정의 조업조건을 도출하였다[1]. 한편, 염증류 장치에서 사용되는 재질인 스테인리스강에 대해 우라늄 전착물에서 염휘발된 우라늄 금속이 스테인리스강의 주성분인 철, 니켈, 크롬 등과 공정(eutectic melt)을 형성하지 않는 온도에서 염증류공정을 수행해야 하는 제한 조건이 따른다. 이번 연구에서는 우라늄 금속과 스테인리스강과의 반응성을 검토함으로써 우라늄 전착물의 염을 99% 이상 제거할 수 있는 조건을 확인하였다. 그리고 염증류 속도를 증진시키며 휘발된 염을 더 효율적으로 회수하기 위해 공급되는 알곤 흐름에 의한 염증류 장치의 열해석을 수행함으로써 알곤 흐름에 의한 우라늄 전착물에 대한 염증류 거동을 고찰하였다.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제19권12호
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• pp.70-79
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• 2020

This paper describes a comparative study of characteristics of probabilistic design using various reliability analysis methods in the structure design of an automatic salt collector. The thickness sizing variables of the main structural member were considered to be random variables, including the uncertainty of corrosion, which would be an inevitable hazard in the work environment of the automatic salt collector. Probabilistic performance functions were selected from the strength performances of the automatic salt collector structure. First-order reliability method, second-order reliability method, mean value reliability method, and adaptive importance sampling method were applied during the reliability analyses. The probabilistic design performances such as reliability probability and numerical costs based on the reliability analysis methods were compared to the Monte Carlo simulation results. The adaptive importance sampling method showed the most rational results for the probabilistic structure design of the automatic salt collector.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.887-895
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• 2017

Preliminary results of the dynamic analysis of a two-fluid molten-salt breeder reactor (MSBR) system are presented. Based on an earlier work on the preliminary dynamic model of the concept, the model presented here is nonlinear and has been revised to accurately reflect the design exemplified in ORNL-4528. A brief overview of the model followed by results from simulations performed to validate the model is presented. Simulations illustrate stable behavior of the reactor dynamics and temperature feedback effects to reactivity excursions. Stable and smooth changes at various nodal temperatures are also observed. Control strategies for molten-salt reactor operation are discussed, followed by an illustration of the open-loop load-following capability of the molten-salt breeder reactor system. It is observed that the molten-salt breeder reactor system exhibits "self-regulating" behavior, minimizing the need for external controller action for load-following maneuvers.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.244-244
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• 2017

Soil salinity due to accumulation of salts particularly sodium chloride affects agricultural lands and their vegetation. Generally, rice is a moderately sensitive plant with some cultivars with varying tolerance to salinity. Though there are physiological differences between salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant rice cultivars, both are still affected especially during high salinity and prolonged exposure. This also ultimately affects their indigenous bacterial endophytes particularly those that inhabit the rice seed endosphere. This study investigates the dynamic structure of seed bacterial endophytes of salt-sensitive and tolerant rice cultivars grown in different levels of soil salinity. Endophytic bacterial diversity was studied Terminal-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis. Results revealed a very interesting pattern of diversity and shifts in community structure of bacterial endophytes in the rice seeds. There is a general decrease in diversity for the salt-sensitive rice cultivar, IR29 as soil salinity increases. For the salt-tolerant cultivars, IC32 and IC37, diversity interestingly increased at moderate salinity then decreased at high soil salinity. The patterns of community structure is also strikingly different for the salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant rice cultivars. IR29 has a more even distribution of abundance, but under soil salinity, the community shifted where Curtobacterium, Pantoea, Flavobacterium and Microbacterium become the more dominant bacterial communities. For IC32 and IC37, the dominant bacterial groups under normal stress conditions were also the dominant bacterial groups during salt stress conditions. Their seed bacterial community is dominated by endophytes belonging to Microbacterium, Flavobacterium, Pantoea, Kosakonia and Enterobacter. Stenotrophomonas and Xanthomonas have not changed in terms of abundance under different salinity stress level in the salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant rice cultivars. This study showed that soil salinity greatly influenced the seed bacterial communities of rice seeds irrespective of their physiological tolerance to salinity.