• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.67-73
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• 1979

In order to observe the anatomical phenomena of root formation in the hypocotyl cuttings of maples, the hypocotyls of Acer palmatum. Acer micro-sieboldianum, and Acer saccharinum were used as the materials. The rooted portions were sectioned by a microtom and doubly stained by safranin and fast green. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. A cross section structure of hypocotyl cuttings of Acer sp. is consist of epidermis, cortex, vascular bundle and pith from the outside. The vascular bundle makes circular shape forming polyarch in A. saccharinum and tetrarch in both A. palmatum and A. micro-sieboldianum. 2. An adventitious root of A. saccharinum originated in phloem parenchyma, while that of A. palmatum and A. micro-sieboldianum originated in interfascicular parenchyma related with phloem cells. 3. The hypocotyl cuttings of Acer sp. is commonly composed of parenchyma tissue having vigorous differentiation capability. Therefore, the originated root grow easily through the cortex and epidermis breaking their tissues.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.113-120
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• 2012

We examined the distribution of uterine mast cells in cycling mice of different ages between 7 weeks and 38 weeks by toluidine blue staining. Mast cell density increased gradually depending on the age and culminated at 30 weeks after birth. Of the estrous stages, uteruses at metestrus showed markedly higher density of mast cells than those at the other stages in cycling mice of all ages analysed in this study and the majority of the mast cells were found in myometrium. We also discriminated types of the uterine mast cells in cycling mice at 10 weeks old by Alcian blue-safranin double staining. Mucosal type was most abundant among three types, including connective-tissue types and mixed types, through the entire estrous cycles. The portion of mixed types increased slightly after estrous. The abundance of uterine collagen protein determined by Masson trichrome staining was exactly consistent with the density distribution of the uterine mast cells during estrous cycles. Taken together, these results may imply that uterine mucosal mast cells, together with collagen proteins, are heavily involved in tissue remodeling of cycling mouse uterus.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.159-165
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• 2013

The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Cinnamomum cassia Blume (CC) extract on the repair of damaged cartilage in a rat model of osteoarthritis (OA) by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) and medial meniscus resection (MMx). Forty-eight rats were assigned to six groups (n = 8 per group): sham as negative control (NC), positive control (PC), diclofenac sodium (DS, 2 mg/kg), CC 25 mg/kg, CC 50 mg/kg and CC 100 mg/kg groups. Treatments were 12 weeks from 7 days after ACLT + MMx. Loss of cartilage and joint instability were significantly reduced in response to treatment with CC or DS compared to the PC (p < 0.05). CC significantly ameliorated cartilage degradation in a dose-dependent manner as assessed by histological findings (p < 0.01). A reduction in the severity of structural changes and a dose-dependent increase in Safranin-O staining intensity were observed in CC treatments, indicating that cartilage degradation was inhibited. Although DS did not affect the increase in active caspase-3 and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-induced apoptosis during the progression of OA, cells reactive to these apoptotic markers were decreased significantly by CC (p < 0.05). However, treatments with CC or DS did not influence the uptake of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine. The findings suggest that CC can exert a chondroprotective action on OA through anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.1-20
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• 2015

Objectives This study was intended to clarify the anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation effects of gamikyejakjimo-tang herbal acupuncture (GKHA) for osteoarthritis. Methods Osteoarthritis was induced by injection of MIA into right knee joint cavities of rats. Rats were divided into a total of 4 groups (n=8). The 4 groups were normal group, control group, positive comparison group and expeimental group. Indomethacin and GKHA were medicated for a total of 4 weeks. After that, functions of liver and kidney by AST, ALT, creatinine, BUN, DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging activity, ROS (reactive oxygen species) production, NO (Total Nitric oxide), IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$ production, weight changes in the hind legs of MIA-induced osteoarthritis rat, serum PGE2, TIMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, LTB4, hs-CRP, and white blood cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes were measured. The volume of cartilage was observed by micro CT arthrography. H&E and Safranin-O staining were used to examine the injury of synovial tissue. Results 1. In the hind leg weight bearing measurement, level of weight was increased. 2. AST, ALT, BUN, creatinine were decreased. 3. The production of total white blood cell was decreased, and the production of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes were significantly decreased. 4. The production of NO, PGE2, TIMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, LTB4 were significantly decreased, and the production of hs-CRP was also decreased but with no significance. 5. The cartilage volume was significantly increased. 6. In H&E staining and Safranin-O staning, the cartilage cell appeared to be proliferated, and proteoglycans appeared to be increased. Conclusions Based on the results above, Gamikyejakjimo-tang Herbal Acupuncture has anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation effects, which leads to suppressing the underlying causes and the progression of osteoarthritis.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.67-72
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• 2012

In recent days, the wire width of IC is narrowed and the degree of integration of IC is increased to obtain the higher capacity of the devices in electronic industry. And then the surface quality of FCCL(Flexible Copper Clad Laminate) became increasingly important. Surface defects on FCCL are bump, scratch, dent and so on. In particular, bumps cause low reliability of the products. Even though there are bumps on the surface, if leveling characteristic of plating solution is good, it does not develop significant bump. In this study, the leveling characteristics of additives are investigated. The objective of study is to improve the leveling characteristic and reduce the surface step through additives and plating conditions. The additives in the electrodeposition bath are critical to obtain flat surface and free of defects. In order to form flat copper surface, accelerator, suppressor and leveler are added to the stock solution. The reason for the addition of leveler is planarization surface and inhibition of the formation of micro-bump. Levelers (SO(Safranin O), MV(Methylene Violet), AB(Alcian Blue), JGB(Janus Green B), DB(Diazine Black) and PVP(Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone) are used in copper plating solution to enhance the morphology of electroplated copper. In this study, the nucleation and growth behavior of copper with variation of additives are studied. The leveling characteristics are analyzed on artificially fabricated Ni bumps.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.669-676
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• 2013

Demineralized bone particle (DBP) is a biomaterial used widely in the field of tissue engineering. In this study, in order to study the effect of DBP/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold on disc regeneration in vivo environment, we prepared the porous DBP/PLGA hybrid scaffold. Disc defect was induced by removing the nucleus pulposus tissue after incision the annulus fibrosus tissue in half and scaffolds were transplanted. After 1, 2 and 3 months later, the extracted discs were confirmed by collagen synthesis and glycosaminoglycan (sGAG). We conducted histology (H&E, Safranin-O, Alcian blue, Type I Collagen, Type II Collagen). From the results, it was confirmed that collagen and sGAG content were high in DBP/PLGA scaffold, and the regeneration of intervertebral disc was possible.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.29
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• pp.47-64
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• 2023

Daehye Bogakseonsaseo (Letters of Master Bogak) in the possession of the National Museum of Korea is a Goryeo-era book produced in 1387, which was acquired in 2005 in a state of severe general damage. Subsequently, its production techniques and materials were examined using bibliographical characteristics and scientific analysis, based on which an overall conservation treatment was carried out. Janghwang(mounting) in bibliographical characteristics is a five-hole-stitch binding (五針眼線裝本), a single-lined rectangular box (四周單邊), and no column lines. The conservation treatment was examined in two aspects: the basic form and the conservation treatment process. The book is composed of the outer cover, original cover, end paper, and inner paper of 0.04-0.07mm thick, which is significantly thinner than general book paper. The conservation treatment was applied after the entire book was disassembled, based on the assessment that both the cover and the inner sheets of paper were in a dire condition due to deterioration. The conservation treatment comprised of the process of disassembly, cleaning, reinforcement of defective parts, scanning, and binding, with a paulownia box made for its storage. At the time of disassembly, samples were made for the inner sheets and the book string in order to conduct fiber identification. The fibers were identified using Safranin and C-stains. Safranin staining identified a thick fiber wall, in addition to cross-marking, dislocation, and transparent membranes. C-stain staining identified the fiber as mulberry, given the dark red residue. The book strap has a flat, circular cross-section, and was identified as cotton fiber, since a lumen was observed in the center.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.207-213
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• 2007

목적 : 콜라겐으로 관절염을 유발한 생쥐에서 RANKL발현에 대한 구척의 효과를 연구하였다. 방법 : 면역조직화학법을 이용하여 관절의 염증과 골의 손실 정도를 증명하였다. 콜라겐으로 관절염을 유발한 DBA/IJ종의 생쥐에 관절염 유발 3주후부터 8주까지 구척 (300mg/kg)을 투여한 후 발의 부종과 골 손실의 변화를 Safranin O염색으로 관찰하였다. 결과 : 5주간 구척의 투여로 관절의 부종과 무릎 관절의 염증을 막았다. 파골세포 분화인자인 RANKL은 대조군에 비해 구척 투여군의 관절에서 RANKL이 감소되었다. 결과 : 구척 투여의 결과로 골손실을 보호하였고, 뼈를 만드는 동화작용에 의해 RANKL의 발현을 개선할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.218-220
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• 2016

A 2-year old female African hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) weighing 645 grams was presented with a well circumscribed mass in the subcutaneous of the left shoulder. It measured $2{\times}2cm$ in size and had a hard texture. There were no clinical signs. In a fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytological evaluation, mast cells were identified with Wright-Giemsa stain. Mast cell tumor was confirmed and characterized by surgical sampling and histopathological evaluation. Four stains (hematoxylin-eosin, toluidine blue, periodic acid-Schiff, and Safranin O) were examined in order to find an applicable stain for a mast cell tumor histopathological evaluation in hedgehog. This case showed that periodic acid-Schiff and toluidine blue staining were the most useful for assessment of a mast cell tumor in a hedgehog.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.53-58
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• 2018

This paper presents an electromagnetically driven microrobot for the enhancement of mixing performance in high viscous liquid media such as blood and bone marrow. First, an electromagnetic system was fabricated, and the magnetic flux density generated from the system was compared with the theoretical value. Second, the reciprocating motion of the microrobot was demonstrated in microchannel using electromagnetic system. As a proof of concept, the mixing performance by the electromagnetically driven microrobot in high viscous liquid was investigated using safranin solution. As a result, it was completely mixed within 140 s with the reciprocating motion of the microrobot while it took 1680 s for natural diffusion. In addition, the mixing efficiency was quantitatively evaluated through a mixing index obtained by an image analysis. The proposed method provides not only wireless actuation of a microrobot with a simple design but also high mixing performance in variety of high viscous liquid media.