• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.550-557
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• 2021

With the advent of the fourth industrial revolution, the interest in the internet of things (IoT) in manufacturing is growing, even at foundries. There are several types of process data that can be automatically collected at a foundry, but considerable amounts of process data are still managed based on handwriting for reasons such as the limited functions of outdated production facilities and process design based on operator know-how. In particular, despite recognizing the importance of converting process data into big data, many companies have difficulty adopting these steps willingly due to the burden of system construction costs. In this study, the field applicability of IoT-based devices was examined by manufacturing devices and applying them directly to the site of a centrifugal foundry. For the centrifugal casting process, the temperature and humidity of the working site, the molten metal temperature, and mold rotation speed were selected as process parameters to be collected. The sensors were selected in consideration of the detailed product specifications and cost required for each process parameter, and the circuit was configured using a NodeMCU board capable of wireless communication for IoT-based devices. After designing the circuit, PCB boards were prepared for each parameter, and each device was installed on site considering the working environment. After the on-site installation process, it was confirmed that the level of satisfaction with the safety of the workers and the efficiency of process management increased. Also, it is expected that it will be possible to link process data and quality data in the future, if process parameters are continuously collected. The IoT-based device designed in this study has adequate reliability at a low cast, meaning that the application of this technique can be considered as a cornerstone of data collecting at foundries.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.120-130
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• 2022

In this study, the applicability of the microseismic monitoring system based on the underground mine communication system has been verified by operation test in the domestic underground mine. The microseismic data consists of wavelet data and meta-data for mine safety management, and both data should be transferred, stored, analyzed and managed with proper method according to the purpose and size of each data. In order to select the optimal communication system for the microseismic monitoring system considering the underground environment as well as properties of data, various types of communication system have been tested and compared during operation test after installing the optical cable communication system, 2.4 GHz and 900 MHz wireless communication system through the underground mine tunnel and overground area of the test site. The integrated microseismic monitoring software, which was developed to secure the stability of data management and ease of use, has been updated according to findings from operation test. Through the operation test of the microseismic monitoring system including the communication system and the monitoring software, the technical basis was established corresponding to various requirements of the domestic mine for adoption of the microseismic monitoring system.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.37-46
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• 2021

Government agencies, such as police and local governments, strive to prevent traffic hazards and create a comfortable road environment by pormoting transportation and road facilities. To this end, roads and transportation facilities are enhanced and adjusted, and improvement projects in areas with frequent traffic accidents are carried out. Usually, improvement projects in areas with frequent traffic accidents vary by projects and region. Moreover, these projects are carried out under the supervision of a person in charge and related parties. Hence, civil complaints and subjectivity are reflected in deriving priorities for the improvement projects, limiting the efficiency of the project. To this end, a study was conducted to estimate the direction of improvement of the project target site. This study comprehensively considered road, traffic, and accident conditions of representative projects with high effectiveness in handling traffic accidents. The results of the study state that the accuracy of estimating the improvement project was around 88%. In addition, the study found that there was a strong relationship between traffic volume, accident rate, and accident severity in estimating the improvement direction.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.59-67
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• 2022

In this study, the monthly airborne chlorides flying into the offshore bridges were investigated depending on the sea level. The target structures were 9 bridges located on the western and southern coast of South Korea. The airborne chlorides were measured at different sea levels on each bridge every month during 1 year. The results showed that the strongest seasonal wind from the northwest in winter expecially have led increase of the airborne chlorides, and its effect was more significant in the western coast than the southern coast. It was also found that the airborne chlorides declined with the increase of sea level. Three types of curves were suggested for analyzing the decrease trend with the sea level, based on the airborne chlorides at the lowest measurement height of main tower. The trend was varied depending on the sea area, and even in the same sea area, the local topographic condition affected the airborne chlorides. It means that the location and local topography should be considered simultaneously for durability management in the framework of the chloride source, and then the influence of the chloride source should be classified, e.g. safe and dangerous. From these results, it is expected that it could be used as baseline data for the evaluation of the deterioration environment in the Detailed guidelines for safety and maintenance of facilities [Performance evaluation]_Bridge.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.31-55
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• 2021

The Personal Information Protection Act, one of the revised 3 Data Laws, established a special cases concerning pseudonymous data. As a result, a personal information controller may process pseudonymized information without the consent of data subjects for statistical purposes, scientific research purposes, and archiving purposes in the public interest, etc. In addition, as a follow-up to the revised Personal Information Protection Act, a 'Guidelines for Utilization of Healthcare Data' was prepared, which deals with the pseudonymization in the medical sector. The guidelines are meaningful in that they provide practical criteria for accomplices by defining specific interpretations and examples that take into account the characteristics of healthcare data. However, the guidelines need to clarify the purpose of using pseudonymous data and strengthen the fairness of the composition of the data deliberation committee. The guidelines also require establishing a healthcare data compensation framework and strengthening the protection of rights for vulnerable subjects. In addition, the guidelines need to be adjusted for inconsistency with the Bioethics and Safety Act and the Medical Service Act. It is expected that this study will contribute to the creation of a safe environment for the utilization of healthcare data as well as the improvement of related laws and systems.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.116-125
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• 2022

Recent aspects of terrorism varies in various ways according to means, targets, and regions. In particular, the 9/11 terrorist attacks in the United States in 2001 changed the paradigm of each country's terrorism, and the South Korea also participated in the enactment and enforcement of the Anti-Terrorism Act in 2016. Based on this, CBRN terrorism is included in general terrorism, and the National Police Agency plays the role of a control tower, and a system supported by related organizations such as the Ministry of Environment is being built and operated. However, restrictions were confirmed in the organizational system, manpower composition, and equipment and materials in operation in preparation for CBRN within the police. Based on the identified limitations, we proposed improvement plans to strengthen the capacity for CBRN terrorism: establishing a dedicated CBRN organization; creating research organization; and securing additional dedicated personnel. Based on this, as an improvement plan to strengthen the capability of CBRN, the establishment of an organization dedicated to CBRN and a research organization within the National Police Agency, and expansion of electronic equipment suitable for the characteristics of CBRN were proposed. It is expected that the police's on-site response capability system for CBRN terrorism will be strengthened via the proposed improvement measures to recover the various restrictions on the response to CBRN terrorism.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.68
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• pp.11-40
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• 2021

The coronavirus pandemic has brought about significant negative changes in our society to the point where it has to be divided into 'Before Corona'(BC) and 'After Corona'(AC). Typical examples include economic difficulties and medical inequality of some social excluded groups as well as individuals who die alone because they are alienated from social networks, and hate and violent discrimination against Asian immigrants, which are rapidly increasing in Western countries in these days. In addition, the pandemic is at a global level, ranging from the vaccine gap between the first and third worlds, triggered by competition for securing vaccines between countries that put their own interests first, the income gap due to changes in the economic environment and financial market, and the bankruptcy of individuals and corporations. In 'all'(pan) and 'people'(demos) became a limit situation that could not be avoided. There is also the opinion that the world could witness the worst catastrophe if the pandemic spreads to poor countries at risk of increasing violence, poverty and famine. The purpose of this paper is to examine the changes in society caused by the Coronavirus pandemic and to suggest the direction of Christian education accordingly. To this end, this paper analyzes the medical, economic, and psychological crises that society faces in the post-corona era. Next, we look at the changes in Christian theology, mission, and worship, which are strongly required for fundamental changes in the context of the pandemic. Based on the above discussion, we propose a new direction for Christian education necessary in the post-corona era.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.539-546
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• 2022

The current ｢Detailed guidelines for the safety and maintenance of facilities (performance Evaluation)｣ prescribes that the durability of surface concrete is evaluated by comparing the measuring the surface rebound value between sound parts and non-sound parts that have surface damage due to winter rain or leakage on concrete. However, this evaluation method was proposed by analyzing the correlation with an experimental DB obtained under freeze-thaw simulation promoting the environment without reviewing on-site applicability. Therefore, this study reviewed on-site application appropriateness of the concrete freeze-thaw damage evaluation method for the 21 concrete bridges in Korea. From the results, it was clearly confirmed that there was a difference in the surface rebound value between the sound part and the non-sound on the concrete surface; the current evaluation method is considered appropriate for application at the site. In addition, the necessity of adding a specific method and a measurement position of surface rebound value were also analyzed, and the effectiveness of the current evaluation method was also analyzed when targeting the entire concrete bridge, not the evaluation of some sections.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.281-286
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• 2022

This study was conducted to investigate the detection rate and serotypes of Salmonella spp. in conventional and welfare poultry farms. Ten welfare (five layer and five broiler) and 15 conventional farms (five layer and ten broiler farms) were visited to collect environmental samples for identification and serotyping of Salmonella spp. The detection rate of Salmonella spp. was higher in the welfare farms than in conventional farms in both layer and broiler farms. In layer farms, Salmonella spp. was detected in 0.76% (1 out of 130) of samples from one of five welfare layer farms, but was not detected in the five in conventional layer farms. No significan ifference (P>0.05) was observed between the welfare and conventional layer farms. In broiler farms, Salmonella spp. was detected in 10.5% (21 out of 200) of samples from four of five welfare broiler farms and 3.5% (7 out of 200) of samples from five of ten conventional broiler farms, and a significant difference (p <0.05) was observed between the welfare and conventional broiler farms. Among 29 Salmonella spp. isolates, five isolates were serotyped to Salmonella enterica subsp. Enteritidis (n=2), Salmonella enterica subsp. Grampian (n=1), Salmonella enterica subsp. Virchow (n=1), and Salmonella enterica subsp. Senftenberg (n=1). These results suggest that microbial risks could be higher in welfare farms than in conventional farms due to easy access to open-air areas, environmental enrichment, and reduced use of antibiotics. Therefore, continuous monitoring and surveillance for Salmonella spp. is necessary to improve the microbiological safety of poultry meat.

• Composites Research
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.447-455
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• 2022

Currently, the problem of pollution of the marine environment by microplastics is emerging seriously internationally. In this study, to develop a lightweight portable microplastic collection device, the types and number of microplastics in 21 coastal areas nationwide in Korea were investigated. And CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic), GFRP (Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic), ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene copolymer) and aluminum were applied for design and analysis of microplastic collection device to have the durability, corrosion resistance and lightweight. As a result of sample collection and classification from the shore, it was confirmed that microplastics were distributed the most in Hamdeok beach, and the polystyrene was found to be mainly distributed microplastics. Particle information through coastal field survey and CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) analysis were used to analyze the flow rate and distribution of particles such as sand and impurities, which were applied to the structural analysis of the cyclone device using the finite element method. As a result of structural analysis considering the particle impact inside the cyclone device, the structural safety was examined as remarkable in the order of CFRP, GFRP, aluminum, and ABS. In the view of weight reduction, CFRP could be reduced in weight by 53%, GFRP by 47%, and ABS by 61% compared to aluminum for the cyclone device.