• 성인간호학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.149-162
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand the meanings and nature of ICU admission experienced among patients with critical illness. The present study adopted a hermeneutic phenomenological method which was developed by van Manen. Methods: The participants for this study were 6 men and 3 women, who were over the age of 20 with ICU admission period more than 3 days. Data were collected by using in-depth interviews and observations from March, 2007 to September, 2007. The contents of the interviews were tape-recorded with the consent of the subject. Results: The essential themes that fit into the context of the 4 existential grounds of body, time, space and other people were as follows: a body that cannot react the way it wants, a wave of fear and insecurity everywhere, a struggle to survive, coming out from death's door, loss of time path, a long and continued waiting until escaping, more of machinery room than a patient's room, existence of life and death, an abyss of suffering seen thru another patient, taken care of by a doctor, trust and distrust, family, the ultimate safe zone. Conclusion: Critically ill patients in ICU experienced feelings of discomfort, unsafety, and insecurity. The result of this study can give nurses some insight into these experiences and help promote empathetic care.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.101-114
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• 2008

Eater Seal, the child care experts, observes that children with disability significantly benefit from receiving appropriated care along side their peers. Typically developing children serve as role models from which children with disabilities learn age-appropriated communications and social behavior. Therefore the children with disability can actively participate in well-designed child care settings. But unfortunately in Seoul, Korea, only 2% of children with disability are taken care of in child care centers. And even the disabled children at the child care centers are mostly mentally or emotionally disabled because the building, programs and services of the centers are restrictive to the children with severe physical disabilities. This study reviewed Korean domestic physical environment of child care centers for children with disabilities. Questionnaire survey was conducted to 103 centers located in Seoul by mail. Our survey revealed that they need more areas for nursing room and special rooms and the accessibility to buildings has to be improved. Also, there are no elevators in all buildings surveyed. Accessibility to toilet is noted as significant problem, especially wet floors in toilets. In a nursing room, a space for psychological rest and special education is needed for children with mental disability. Technical specifications on how to make buildings and facilities accessible for the children with disability should be developed. The goal of this study is to provide basic information to develop domestic design guidelines to ensure that the child care centers are safe, convenient, and usable for everyone possible.

• 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국화재소방학회 1997년도 International Symposium on Fire Science and Technology
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• pp.413-422
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• 1997

Fire characteristics of a typical apartment building in Korea was studied through full scale experiment and zone model simulation. The fire was ignited at the living room and allowed to spread to other parts of a single unit in a five storied apartment building. Various data including temperatures, species concentrations, and images were collected in the experiment. A zone model(CFAST) was used to analyze the same apartment building that represents the average households in Korea. The results were compared with a full scale experiments. While CFAST allows one compartment involved with fire, the experiment allowed the fire to spread to other compartments. Therefore, the comparison between experimental data and Zone-Model data is valid until the living-room fire spread to other parts of the apartment. Flashover occurred at approximately 380 seconds in a fire experiment, and at approximately 420 seconds in Zone-Model. Based on all of data between experimental data and Zone-Model data, it is concluded that the safe escape time is about 250 seconds.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.51-59
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• 1976

Contemporary nursing is concerned with meeting patients physical psychological and secio-economical needs and with helping persons to sore their own problems. At the time of confinement and delivery, women often have physical and psychological disco- mort related to fear, tension or anxiety. Pain related to these causes varies with the individual woman. Effective nursing care to meet individual needs during labor and delivery is important if nurses are to understand and relieve woman's physical and psychological pain. A questionnaire prepared for the purpose by the investigator was administered to 162 women in two general hospitals, one in Seoul and one in TaeGu, during August 1 and September 20, 1975 and to the 13 delivery-room nurses who cared for them. It was hoped that the study would contribute to comprehensive nursing care during labor and delivery and to improve maternal and child health. 1. The sample of mothers ranged in age from 18 to 39; the majority were from 25 to 29 years old (54.3%). Most of them were housewives (87.6%). Sixty-three percent had high school or higher education. They had a range of one to seven deliveries. Sixty-one percent were primiparas Most had some prenatal care (87.6%). 2. The age of the group of nurses ranged from 22 to 39. Ten were 22 or 23. Five of the 13 had from six to ten months experience in the de]ivory room. Twelve were single and ten had a religious affiliation. 3. Both primiparas and multiparas thought equally that physical and psychological care, nursing skills and attitudes were important during labor and delivery, but did not relate basic nursing care directly to normal delivery. Need for nursing care was rated more highly by primiparas (2.83-3.48) than by multiparas (2.51-3.17) (p〈0.05). 4. There was no difference in need for nursing care according to the educational level of the women nor according to whether they had a religious affiliation or not (p〉0.05). 5. There was no difference in the reported nursing care given regarding of the educational preparation of the nurses (p〉 0.05). 6. There the reported nursing needs of the women and the reported nursing care given were compared, physical and psychological nursing care directed toward protecting the mother and fetus and a safe do]ivory were considered important by both groups. Neither group related simple nursing care directly to protection of the mother and fetus or to a safe delivery. The women rated highly their needs for nourishment (3.05) and having a relative with them (2.90) for emotional support but there was little evidence (2.39) that the nurses provided care to meet these needs (p〈0.05). In conclusion, the nursing needs of the women during the three stages of labor and the nursing care given were generally similar. The women had more psychological needs than physical needs but in comparison, nurses gave a little more physical than psychological care. The results point up the need to make adjustments in labor and delivery room nursing care the nurse should Prepared to pay more attention and bigger consideration in psychological comfort care than physical care.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제55권5호
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• pp.630-636
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• 2022

Background/Aims: Transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF) is an accepted anatomic treatment for gastroesophageal reflux disease in selected patients. In this report, we analyze our institution's programmatic allocation of resources during the safe implementation of TIF as a new procedure. Methods: A retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent TIF from January 2020 to February 2021 at our institution was performed. The process of initially allocating the operating room (OR) with overnight admission and postoperative esophagram for added safety, and subsequently transitioning TIF to the endoscopy suite (ES) as an outpatient procedure was described. Patient safety and outcomes were evaluated during transition. Results: Thirty patients who underwent TIF were identified. The mean age was 51.2±16.0 years. TIF was performed in an OR in nine patients (30%) and 21 (70%) in the ES. All the OR patients were admitted overnight and had routine esophagogram. In contrast, four (19%) from the ES group required clinically-indicated admission and three (14.2%) required esophagram. The mean procedure duration was significantly lower in the ES group (65.7 min vs. 84 min, p=0.02). Conclusions: A stepwise, resource-efficient process was described that allowed safe initiation of TIF as a new technique and its effective transition to a fully outpatient procedure.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.137-145
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• 2023

Purpose: This non-randomized study was performed to evaluate the effects of music therapy on labor pain, the childbirth experience, and self-esteem in women during vaginal delivery. Methods: In total, 136 primiparous women over 37 weeks of gestation receiving epidural analgesia during vaginal delivery were recruited via convenience sampling. To minimize diffusion effects, data from the control group (n=71) were collected first (April 2020 to March 2021), followed by data from the music group (n=65; April 2021 to May 2022). Participants in the music group listened to classical music during labor, while the control group was offered usual care (no music). Labor pain was measured using a numeric rating scale (NRS), and self-esteem and childbirth experience were collected using self-report questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the independent t-test, chi-square test and Cronbach's α coefficients. Results: The overall pain level (NRS) at baseline was 0 in both groups. Mothers in the music therapy group had lower levels of latent pain (t=1.95, p=.005), active pain (t=3.69, p<.001) and transition-phase pain (t=7.07, p<.001) than the control group. A significant difference was observed between the two groups, and the music therapy group expressed more positive perceptions of the childbirth experience (t=-1.36, p=.018). For self-esteem, the experimental group's score was slightly higher, but without a statistically significant difference from the control group. Conclusion: Using music therapy during labor decreased labor pain and improved the childbirth experience. Music therapy can be clinically recommended as a non-pharmacological, safe, and easy method for nursing care in labor.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.87-94
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• 2016

육상에서의 전자파 환경에 대한 연구는 지속적인 투자와 연구가 이루어지고 있지만 해상의 환경인 선박의 전자파 환경에 관한 시험 및 분석은 연구되어 지지 않는 실정이다. 선박은 최상층 갑판구역, 선교, 기관실로 구성되어있다. 최상층갑판구역은 안테나 및 레이더가 탑재되어 있다. 선교는 안전한 항해를 위한 항해장비가 탑재되어있다. 마지막으로 기관실에서는 선박의 추진시스템에 사용되는 배전반이 탑재되어있다. 따라서 본 연구는 선박이라는 특정 공간에서의 전자파 환경을 분석 후 해상환경에 적용 가능한 최적 기준을 제안하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 국내외 전자파 기준을 활용하여 실선 한국해양대학교 실습선 한바다 호를 측정 후 측정결과를 국내 기준, 이탈리아 기준과 분석하여 선박의 기관실에 대한 국내 기준 적용에 한계가 있음을 확인하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 추후 선박의 전자파 인체 보호 기준 정립을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.961-974
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• 1997

The ZZimzilbang is a room where many women eagerly go due to the special meaning women give to it related to their health. It is a different type of sauna room which maintains low degree of temperature, consisting of an Ondol room(Korean under-floor heating system, hypocaust) built with mineral stone radiating ultrared rays. Even though many women mention that they utilize it for health, there is no precise evidence of the effects on their health. This ethnographic study sought to define the phenomenon from the perspective of the women who experienced the ZZimzilbang. A convenience sample of 27 women was interviewed during a 15 month period from December 1995 to July 1997 in 12 ZZimzilbangs located in Seoul, Korea. The mean ages of the women 57.3 years ; seventeen women were housekeeper and only eight women had job : twenty women were married and three women among them were widows. The main reasons women patronize the place are : for mitigation and healing of physical signs and symptoms : composure ; safe lodging and boarding : control of outward appearance : control of health ; meeting and fellowship with friends : and custom. The outcomes of the utilization of the place were : mitigation of physical signs and symptoms : psychological tranquility : cosmetic and diet ; good use of spare time : and utilization of services provided there. Most women who visited ZZimzilbang for relief of physical signs and symptoms strongly mentioned a correlation to inadequate Sanhujori, the traditional postpartal and postabortal care for woman. Some of specific kinds of services provided in that place were alternative therapy such as acupuncture, negative cupping, finger-pressure, mugwort steam and various kinds of massage including massage of blood vessels that are influenced by Oriental medicine ; health education of breathing such as abdominal breathing or Danjeon(단전호흡) : and selling of many things including health foods, drugs for osteoporosis, and eutrophics. This study suggests that professional caregivers should further study this phenomenon for the development of adequate care of women with a resulting important in their quality of life.

• 분석과학
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2020

Controlling the quality of indoor air is important in order to maintain a healthy life. In this study, we investigated the correlation between the hazardous substance concentration of indoor air and circulation based on different ventilation methods in the apartment, which is one of the representative housing types in Korea. As target substances, we considered the hazardous substances which are generated during the cooking process and radon gas which is originated from building materials. We measured the concentrations of carbon dioxide and fine particles in relation to type of food and ventilation methods in order to determine the change in the concentration levels of hazardous substances which are generated during the cooking process. On the other hand, we measured the concentration of radon gas before and after letting fresh air into a room through windows in order to determine the change in the concentration level of radon gas which is originated from building materials. The results show that turning on the ventilation fan plays a major role in reducing the concentration levels of hazardous substances in the kitchen, and that it is more effective to turn on the ventilation fan during cooking than after cooking to prevent the diffusion of hazardous materials produced by cooking through the indoor air. Also, the results indicate that letting fresh air into a room through windows more than one time a day is necessary to reduce the concentration level of radon gas in the room to safe concentration range.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제31권12호
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• pp.1243-1246
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• 1998

외상에 의한 기관-기관지 손상은 비교적 드물고 경부 부위를 제외하곤 국내에서는 대부분 둔상에 기인한다. 기관-기관지는 흉부 내에 깊이 있어 비교적 자상에 의한 손상은 적다. 저자들은 제5흉추 우측 옆부위의 자상으로 인한 기정맥과 좌측 주 기관지의 파열 1례를 치험하였다. 환자는 24세 남자로 응급실에서 촬영한 단순 흉부엑스선 사진상 흉부내에 칼이 보였다. 칼은 응급실에서 제거하지 않았다. 환자는 기관지 내시경 검사나 전산화 단층촬영 없이 내원 30분내 수술실로 옮겨 개흉하여 과도을 제거하였다. 사선으로 파열된 기정맥과 좌측 주 기관지를 봉합하였다. 환자는 술 후 14일째 특별한 문제없이 퇴원하였다.