• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.535-556
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• 2024

Measuring stock market volatility and its determinants is critical for stock market participants, as volatility spillover effects affect corporate performance. This study adopted a novel approach to analysing and implementing GARCH-MIDAS modelling methods. The classical GARCH as a benchmark and the univariate GARCH-MIDAS framework are the GARCH family models whose forecasting outcomes are examined. The outcome of GARCH-MIDAS analyses suggests that inflation, interest rate, exchange rate, and oil price are significant determinants of the volatility of the Johannesburg Stock Market All Share Index. While for Nigeria, the volatility reacts significantly to the exchange rate and oil price. Furthermore, inflation, exchange rate, interest rate, and oil price significantly influence Ghanaian equity volatility, especially for the long-term volatility component. The significant shock of the oil price and exchange rate to volatility is present in all three markets using the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedastic-mixed data sampling (GARCH-MIDAS) framework. The GARCH-MIDAS, with a powerful fusion of the GARCH model's volatility-capturing capabilities and the MIDAS approach's ability to handle mixed-frequency data, predicts the volatility for all variables better than the traditional GARCH framework. Incorporating these two techniques provides an innovative and comprehensive approach to modelling stock returns, making it an extremely useful tool for researchers, financial analysts, and investors.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.212-223
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• 2012

The "Eco-friendly", "Green" concepts was began around 1992 after the Rio Environmental Summit, and the need for sustainable development globally widespread. The green building certification system was began around 2000 and the concept of green building was started in the late 1990s. The green building, which welcomes a period of radical change, is for the survival of the Earth "climate change" and reducing energy consumption in building sector. In this architecture of eco-friendly concept, the green building is rapidly expanding and existing as a ecological environment preservation. Moreover, the realization of zero energy house is to mandate for new buildings in 2025. The aim of further eco-friendly is through the prior ecosystems to restore and product energy for the 9 Green Building model houses in this paper. Building in the concept of ecology is to show about change into 7R's from the 3R's. The "Reduce", "Reuse", "Recycle" consisting of "3R's" is correlated with the traditional to the present Green Building Design. U.S. NCARB (National Council of Architectural Registration Boards) change into the concept of 7R's as "Receive", "Restore", "Respect" and "Remember", added to "3R's". In this paper, the 9 Green Building model houses do not meet the criteria of 7R's. But, the Green Tomorrow of Samsung C & T Corporation meet the 6 criteria for 7R's. This company is most comfortable at low carbon Green Building model houses. Conclusionally, introduction of eco-friendly technologies and amenities for the health of human and natural community life is to advance eco-friendly construction and enhance brand value of housing. By the way, The problem of eco-friendly architecture is initial investment and maintenance. Therefore, eco-friendly architecture and government has to try solving of this difficulty.

• 공연문화연구
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• 제32호
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• pp.489-524
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• 2016

본고는 일본 현대연극이 가타리모노 셋교부시를 수용하여 어떻게 현대화했는가에 주목하여 작품을 분석하였다. 아울러 이를 통하여 '셋교부시에 의한 미세모노(見せ物)오페라' 장르로 탄생하는 과정을 밝히고자 하였다. 이와 관련해서는 중세의 스토리텔링 셋교부시를 현대적 '미세모노 오페라'로 재탄생시켰다는 점에서, 데라야마가 언그라 1세대들과 확연히 다른 점에 대해 논했던 종래의 평가들과는 또 다른 시각을 제시하고자 한다. 60년대 일본 언그라운동 1세대 데라야마 슈지(寺山修司)의 <신토쿠마루(身毒丸)>(1978년)는 서사적 이야기에 가락을 붙여 음송하는 가타리모노(語り物) 셋교부시(說經節) <신토쿠마루(俊德丸)>를 소재로 한 작품으로서, 동아시아 스토리텔링의 현대적 유산이라고 할 수 있다. 셋교 <신토쿠마루>는 계모의 저주로 나병에 걸린 신토쿠마루가 텐노지(天王寺)에서 약혼자 오토히메(乙姬)라는 여성의 헌신적인 사랑과 관음(?音)의 영력(?力)에 의해 구원되는 이야기이다. 데라야마 슈지는 셋교부시의 서사적 형식에 J.A.시저(シ?ザ?본명 寺原孝明)의 주술적인 락(rock)음악을 결합시키고 부제를 '셋교부시에 의한 미세모노 오페라(說敎節による見世物オペラ)'라고 하였다. 근원소재인 모자신 신앙(母子神信仰)의 원리로 보이는 '모도리(もどり; 회귀)' 본능의 중세적 종교 세계를 데라야마 슈지는 모자상간의 세계로 변화시킨다. 그리고 셋교부시에서 나타나는 보편적인 복수장면은 신토쿠마루가 계모인 나데시코(撫子)의 복장과 가면을 쓴 드래그 퀸(drag queen: 여장)의 모습으로 이복동생 센사쿠(せんさく)를 근친상간하는 것으로 복수한다. 이 작품은 셋교부시의 전형적인 인과 구조를 따르고 있고, 작품 전반에 개입하여 전체적 서사를 진행시키는 이야기꾼(語り手, 카타리테)과 야나기타 구니오(柳田國男)박사의 등장은 서사 장치인 자기소개 기법과 코러스의 현대적 활용을 보여준다. 특히 코러스 가사에서 데라야마 슈지의 불행한 어린 시절의 기억, 즉 아버지의 부재, 아오모리현(?森?)의 대공습 경험이 자동기술법처럼 묘사되어 내용을 심층화하고 있다. 이후 니나가와 유키오(?川幸雄)의 연출 버전은 초연 때부터의 공동 극작가였던 기시다 리오(岸田理生)가 데라야마의 사후 17년을 경과해 다시 쓴 개정판으로 데라야마 슈지의 원작 <신토쿠마루>를 널리 알렸다. 그러나 그의 연출 버전에서는 데라야마가 이 작품에 붙인 부제의 요소가 전부 삭제됨으로써 극단 연극실험실 '덴조사지키(天井?敷)'가 시도한 다양한 실험연극의 줄기와 본질로부터 벗어나 있다. <신토쿠 마루>는 현대연극의 서사구조를 갖고 있지만 각 단락이 독립적인 이야기를 구성하면서도 서로 유기적인 결합이 가능하도록 한 구조를 갖고 있다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2010

The phenolic compounds are a major contaminant class often found in industrial wastewaters and the biological treatment is an alternative tool commonly employed for their removal. In this sense, monitoring microbial community dynamics is crucial for a successful wastewater treatment. This work aimed to monitor the structure and activity of the bacterial community during the operation of a laboratory-scale continuous submerged membrane bioreactor (SMBR), using PCR and RT-PCR followed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and 16S rRNA libraries. Multivariate analyses carried out using DGGE profiles showed significant changes in the total and metabolically active dominant community members during the 4-week treatment period, explained mainly by phenol and ammonium input. Gene libraries were assembled using 16S rDNA and 16S rRNA PCR products from the fourth week of treatment. Sequencing and phylogenetic analyses of clones from the 16S rDNA library revealed a high diversity of taxa for the total bacterial community, with predominance of Thauera genus (ca. 50%). On the other hand, a lower diversity was found for metabolically active bacteria, which were mostly represented by members of Betaproteobacteria (Thauera and Comamonas), suggesting that these groups have a relevant role in the phenol degradation during the final phase of the SMBR operation.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.88-105
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• 1994

Since the Rio Convention of 1992, the international community has displayed a heightened consciousness concerning the Earth environment and domestic attention on the said subject has also rapidly increased. An Ecological life style signifies the conscious efforts to preserve the environment interpreted into quotidien action. For the realization of conservation in action, an understanding of the specific details of environmental preservation must precede. The environmental conservation action in the homes was systematically approached in this study as an input-process-output and feedback cycle. The input phage is the consumer oriented buying stage, the while the process is the actual use of the products and the output stage consists of categorizing and producing wales, the feodbach being recycling of resources. At each stage the attitude which is devoted to environmental consciousness plays a big ride in the actual preservation of the Earth environment. in order to effectively conserve the environment, efforts displayed by the business sector is as important as implementation of environmentally conscious action at home. During the process of producing and distributing products, and attitude and action in preservation efforts are crncial and the responsibility ageat. For the business sector to effectively initiate environmental preservation into action, institutional support from the government and cooperation from the homes is of essence. Consolidated efforts to atter the superfrony life style into ecological life styles and ralues is essential to solve the most important socio-economic issue of the 90's of preserving the earth.

• 정보처리학회논문지C
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• 제9C권5호
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• pp.743-748
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• 2002

최근 인터넷에서 QoS(Quality of Service)를 제공하는 방법인 차별 서비스에 대해 많은 연구가 진행중이다. 차별화 서비스에서 보장형 서비스는 2등급 패킷 폐기 우선순위 방법과 RIO(RED with In and Out)를 일반적으로 사용한다. 하지만 이 방법만으로는 대역폭을 만족할 만큼 공평하게 사용자에게 제공하지 못한다. 본 논문에서는 공평성을 개선하기 위한 방법으로 TSW(Time Sliding Window) marking algorithm을 개선하여 TS2W3C(Time Sliding Two Window Three Color)marking algorithm을 제안한다. ns-2를 이용하여 제안된 메커니즘을 모의 실험을 통해 성능을 분석한 결과, 제안한 방법이 기존의 방법에 비해 공평하게 대역폭을 분배하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.897-904
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• 2006

리오그랑디주에서 바이아주 남부까지 약 300 km에 이르는 길고 좁은 브라질 북동부 지역에서는 남동무역풍의 교란, 전선의 침투, 해륙풍 순환 그리고 지형과 수증기 플럭스에 기인하는 국지 대류와 같은 다양한 강수 시스템이 나타난다. 연간 총강수량은 내륙에서는 600 mm, 해안지역에서는 3000 mm의 분포를 보이고 있다. 지역 기후 평균에 5-12배의 강수량이 2004년 1월에 알라고아스주 여러 지역에서 기록되었다. 46,000명의 수재민이 발생했고, 10,000,000 US$의 재산 피해였다. 이 폭우는 $21^{\circ}W,\;12^{\circ}S$에서 형성된 UTCV가 1월 내내 브라질 북동부 지역에 머물면서 영향을 미쳤기 때문이라는 것을 GOES 적외선 영상 분석으로 알 수 있었다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.57-70
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• 2007

As a basic element of Jeju landscape, Oreum offers a beautiful and aesthetic view. Considering topographical and geological research achievements, however, an effort to discover implicit value in terms of landscape characteristics and value has been ignored. This paper has investigated the characteristics and value of landscape by Oreum focusing on Jeju landscape characteristics and eco-touristic value and discussed a scheme to maximize the values. Under a theme of 'Sustainable Development' of the RIO Declaration, tour industry has recently changed its focus from eco-tourism to gee-tourism. Fortunately, Jeju Oreum has very distinctive and unique landscape with depressed crater at a crest. Nevertheless, it's very difficult to see a true aspect of Oreum from the street or over the car window. Therefore, it's urgent to begin a research on how to make advantage of and preserve Oreum landscape in order to maximize its landscape values and improve its potential as a tourist attraction. Through diverse programs such as sky leisure sports(ex: light airplane and helicopter riding, paragliding), sky watching, and mountain hiking, in particular, a possibility that Oreum can succeed as LBD(Learning by Doing)-based tour program with volcanic features needs to be examined. Besides, it's also a good idea to develop Oreum tour program or Oreum Museum as an alternative plan. Above all, however, it's most urgent to protect the existing Oreum and restore ecological and landscape beauty of Oreum through proper land use.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.1407-1418
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• 2015

A total of 32,817 test-day milk yield (TDMY) records of the first lactation of 4,056 Girolando cows daughters of 276 sires, collected from 118 herds between 2000 and 2011 were utilized to estimate the genetic parameters for TDMY via random regression models (RRM) using Legendre's polynomial functions whose orders varied from 3 to 5. In addition, nine measures of persistency in milk yield ($PS_i$) and the genetic trend of 305-day milk yield (305MY) were evaluated. The fit quality criteria used indicated RRM employing the Legendre's polynomial of orders 3 and 5 for fitting the genetic additive and permanent environment effects, respectively, as the best model. The heritability and genetic correlation for TDMY throughout the lactation, obtained with the best model, varied from 0.18 to 0.23 and from -0.03 to 1.00, respectively. The heritability and genetic correlation for persistency and 305MY varied from 0.10 to 0.33 and from -0.98 to 1.00, respectively. The use of $PS_7$ would be the most suitable option for the evaluation of Girolando cattle. The estimated breeding values for 305MY of sires and cows showed significant and positive genetic trends. Thus, the use of selection indices would be indicated in the genetic evaluation of Girolando cattle for both traits.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.32-43
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• 1997

Deprivation of means to study the cultures and history of the natives of Bering Strait in their own lands, gives us and especially U. S. A. and Russia-where the objective regions of this study is pertained to-the great suffering of intellectual and aesthetic losses. Throughout 20th century, as political and economic forces prevailed, it became increasingly difficult for both Natives and outsiders to see this region as having common past. In such difficult circumstances, United Nations Council for Environmental Development held at Rio de Janeiro, Brasil in June, 1992 started out to give obligations to present environmental future. With such trend getting stronger and being in demand, this study is also focussed on coincides with such environmental matters and differs from man centered western civilization which ruled th environment rather than to harmonize with it. Through the studies of fashions and cultural materials of this region, it was able to identify the great similarities between Northwestern Alaska and Northeastern Siberia. Especially in the clothing materials of this region\`s toy dolls, it was possible to confirm that both side of Bering Strait possessed similar culture. Although both side had similar environment, in the past its peoples began to be seen as separated and alienated aligned only with their current political state-Russia and U. S. A. Through this study, it was able to see diversity of the peoples and thir languages but also close cultural and historical ties that link them very closely together. This study verified such similarities and common characteristics through close examination of Native clothing and decorations and other traditions of Siberian Natives such as Yupik, Chukchi, Koryak, Even, Amur River peoples and Nivkh; and Alaskan Natives such as Inupiag, Yupik, Alutiig, Aleut, Athapaskan, and Tlingit.