• Title/Summary/Keyword: rural geography

Search Result 136, Processing Time 0.018 seconds

Half a cenury of the rural geography in Korea(1945-1995):review and prospect (촌락지리학 50년(1945-1995)의 회고와 전망)

  • ;Lee, Moon-Jong
    • Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
    • /
    • v.31 no.2
    • /
    • pp.213-254
    • /
    • 1996
  • The Korean Geographical Society was founded in 1945, when Korea was liberated from the Japanese rule. And The Journal of the Korean Geography activated academic studies of geography by publishing research papers in it. Professor Kang, Dae-Hyun wrote the first two specialized papers of rural geography in 1966: " Flood Plain Settlements on the Han River" and "The Location and Form of the Dispersed Villages around Dae-Cwan-Ryung". The early studies of rural geography were not based on serious academic foundations, such as the adjustment of theoretical notions and a good grasp of subjects. After choosing subjects that came to hand without academic consideration. they simply enumerated generalized items of the results of the field work investigation such as the location the landscape and the process of formation of the settlements. In the 1970s and 1980s, however, rural settlement studies progressed remarkably in Korea. More than 80% of 318 dissertations, theses, or papers collected for this review were written in the late 1980s, and the subjects and methodology became diversified. As may be expected, recent studies are found very systematic and problem-solving in the various fields - contexual understanding spatial structure, the development of clan villages according to the socialization process, the effects of rural-out migration on the change of villages etc. Such a trend can be understood as a reaction to the circumstances under which, as the Western society already experienced, rural villages become washed out by the waves of industralization and urbanization and hardly continue to exist. In this paper, geographical studies of rural settlement which have been carried out in Korea last fifty years will be reviewed under the four headings on the studies related to a) farming villages; b) fishing villages; c) mountain villages: and d) special function villages. Studies of farming villages and related ones are very diverse. The results of the studies carried out last fifty years can be classified into sixteen subjects. Just as, in the West, studies of rural settlement have been mainly concerned with farming villages since rural geography came into being, so, in Korea, they have been centred on farming villages. It is a natural result considering the history of human life. Even in Korea, however the rural settlement is no more an isolated life space which keeps unique traditions of old life style, but it begins to form a dynamic life space connected to big cities by heavy traffic. Because the modern farming villages of Korea have an undetachable connection with the cities, special methodology to solve new problems has been posed in the studies of rural settlement. Many scholars have produced a lot of studies of farming villages, and three of them are prominent: Oh. Hong-Seok, Choi, Ki-Yeop, and Lee, Moon-Jong. Oh, Hong-Seok is a versatile and hard-working scholar who has published more papers than anyone else in the various fields of rural geography such as farming villages, fishing villages, mountain villages, and reclamation villages. And he has expanded his concerns to environment issues in recent years. Choi, Ki-Yeop has maintained that the prototype of Korean rural villages is clan villages continuing to write a series of good papers in which he pursues their regionalizion in the process of socialization. Lee, Moon-Jong divides the spatial organization of side settlement, sahachon (settlement near the temple), religion settlement, orchard settlement, settlement near the foreign military camp, displaced people's settlement. Chung Gam Lok settlement, etc. Though The Korean Geographical Society has half a century's history, academic activties in the field of rural settlement have been performed no more than thirty years. We cannot help saying that it is admirable that in such a rather short time we have five academical schools of the rural geography in Korea. geography in Korea.

  • PDF

A Consideration on the Major Concepts of Rural Social Geography in Korea (한국 촌락사회지리학의 주요 개념 모색)

  • Jeon Jong-Han
    • Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
    • /
    • v.40 no.3 s.108
    • /
    • pp.353-368
    • /
    • 2005
  • Social geography in Korea has been studied centering around urban social geography which has been developed mainly in English world, and then there have been a few concepts and theories that were tested in the rural social geography of Korean rural landscape. This article tried to grasp the conceptual basis of German social geography, and had views on the rural social geography in the relent English world. As a result, the author concluded that the rural landscape would be a representation of rurality, a component of local and national identity, and thought to be not only a physical reality but social, mental, cultural reality On the basis of this consideration, the author explored major concepts which would correspond with the universality and speciality of Korean rurality. They are as follows: 'lineage group' as a geographical socio-group, the 'regionalization' by social groups, and 'the territoriality of settlement' as a social space.

Progress and prospect of social and population geography in Korea (한국의 사회 . 인구지리학의 발달과정과 전망)

  • ;Choi, Byung-Doo
    • Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
    • /
    • v.31 no.2
    • /
    • pp.268-294
    • /
    • 1996
  • Social and population geography in Korea has been developed somewhat later than other special subjects of geography. But in recent years, it has attracted much interests of geographers, and accumulated a considerably large amount of research products. Seen in this context, it is resonable to expect that social and population geography will not only lead the development of geography in the future, but also contribute to the resolution of socio-spatial problems in Korea. From this point of view, we shall retrospect in this paper the progress of social and population geography in Korea since the 1950s, and look out its future prospect and further research tasks. In the first place, we discuss general concepts and major themes of social and population geography, and overview its development process, and than review in more details some important research products which would be categorized into five main subjects, that is, research methodology, urbanization and urban population phenomena, population movement and changing rural life, residential differentiation and urban redevelopment, and urban social life and regional social well-being. Finally, we consider briefly the future prospect and further tasks of social and population geography in Korea.

  • PDF

Analysis of Recent 30-year Climate Characteristics by Natural Geography (자연지형 구분에 의한 최근 30년간 기후특성 분석)

  • Ryu, Yeon-Soo;Park, Mi-Lan;Kim, Jin-Wook;Joo, Hye-Jin
    • 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 2011.04a
    • /
    • pp.256-262
    • /
    • 2011
  • Environmental pollution by Using of a fossil fuel, a reckless and growth-oriented development since the Industrial Revolution has caused global change of environment. An issue largest among this is a climate change. A global mean temperature since 19th century has climbed up $0.4{\sim}0.8^{\circ}C$. After The Kyoto Protocol regarding a greenhouse gas reduction goal took effect, be situations that decrease of greenhouse gas was acutely required. Interest of utilization of the new & renewable energy is increasing every day. This study shows that at first divided a country to nine range by natural geography, and second executed Meteorological data analysis of recent 30 years considering level of significance by nine range. The results of this study are that in heating load calculation of building, periodic temperature data management is required because facility capacity and cost are affected greatly by outdoor temperature, and temperature by climate range needs consideration of pertinent area. Lastly, ground temperature was assumed of the weather in region, the ground and soil.

  • PDF

The Types of the Rural Housing in the Sea Islands of Gyeongnam with Special Reference to the Roofing Types and Materials (경남 도서지역 촌락의 가옥 유형에 관한 연구 - 지붕 형태와 지붕 재료를 중심으로 -)

  • Lee, Jeon;Seong, Hwa Ryong
    • Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
    • /
    • v.21 no.4
    • /
    • pp.660-672
    • /
    • 2015
  • The rural housing is a key element of the rural landscape. The studies on the rural housing have focused on folk housing, but this study focuses on the comtemporary rural housing. The research area is the eight rural settlements on the sea islands of Gyeongnam. This study may provide the base for an understanding Korean rural landscape through the analysis of the rural housing types with special reference to the roofing types and materials. Most roofing types but the flat roofing type belong to the traditional roofing types. Among the combined-style roofing(결합양식지붕) types, the pitched-and-flat roofing(경사-평지붕) type is about ten times more frequent than the pitched-and-pitched roofing(경사-경사지붕) type. The most frequent roofing materials are cement, precoated steel plate(컬러강판), and artificial slate(인조슬레이트). Five typical types of rural housing are derived from the remarkable combinations of roofing types and roofing materials in the research area.

  • PDF

Fifty years of economic geography in Korea:research trends and issues (한국경제지리학 반세기:연구성과와 과제)

  • ;Park, Sam Ock
    • Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
    • /
    • v.31 no.2
    • /
    • pp.160-197
    • /
    • 1996
  • The purpose of this study is to review research trends and issues of economic geography in Korea for the last fifty years by sub-fields of agricultural geography, industrial geography, commercial and service geography, and transportation geography. Research in Korean economic geography has progressed significantly in terms of the scope and the number of papers published during the last a half a century. Agricultural geography was a leading field of economic geography in Korea before mid-1970s. Since the mid-1970s, however, agricultural geography has turned over the leading role in economic geography to industrial geography. Classification and structure of agricultural region has been the most popular research theme in Korea, even though diverse topics has been dealt in the research of agricultulal geography in Korea during the last fifty years. In recent years, emphasis is given to study on the dynamics of agricultural region and regional differentiation of part-time farming. It is suggested that the future issues of research in agricultural geography in Korea are agricultural restructuring and changes in agricultural space under the WTO system, changes in rural area and agricultural region with the progress of informatization, changes in agricultural structures and rural society by the increase of part-time farming, governments agricultulal policy and its impacts, competitive advantages of Korean agricultulal products, and environmental impacts of agricultural restructuring. Research in industrial geography has remarkably progressed since the 1980s. Locational changes, regional industrial structure and formation of industrial region were the major topics of interest in the research of industrial geography in Korea before 1980. Since the early 1980s, in addition to the topics which were interested in before 1980, changes of industrial organization and industrial location, changes of production systems and industrial space development of high technology industries and science parks, industrial restructuring and regional economy, foreign direct investments, industrial linkages and industrial districts, and industrial policy and regional development have been the major research themes of industrial geography in Korea. Considerable number of papers has been published both in Korean journals and in foreign journals during this period. Considering global changes in the organization of industrial space, future research should be more focused on firms strategy for regaining competitive advantages, local and global perspectives of industry, industry and environmental changes, in addition to the topics which have been dealt in recent years. Research in commercial and service geography and transportation geography was negligible in Korea before the late 1970s. These two sub-fields in economic geography have begun to develop since 1980s. Periodic markets, structure of commercial area, and distribution of products were the major topics of interest in the 1980s in the commercial and service geography in Korea. In the 1990s, however reserch in producer services has been active with growth of producer services in Korean economy. It is suggested that regional changes with progress of informatization and technology, changes of international trade and regional changes, development of efficient distribution system, role of producer services in regional development, and network of producer services are the major issues to be studied in the future in the field of commercial and service geography in Korea. Commuting, distribution of products, and transportation networks have been the major topics of research in transportation geography in Korea. Diverse quantitative techniques have been applied in the most of the researches in transportation geography. It is required that future studies in transportation geography should also focus on societal and behavioral issues, policy issues regional impacts of new transportation facilities, an analysis of transportation system at the global or international level. Since the 1980s economic geography in Korea has considerably progressed with publication of papers and books. The progress can be regarded as successful in quantitative aspect, but not in quantitative aspects. For the development of Korean economic geography in both quantitative and qualitative aspects, it is necessary to promote international collaborative researches and interdisciplinary cooperations. Attention should also be given to the research on changes in competitive advantages and economic restructuring, changes of economic space with the development of high technology and the progress of informatization. economic development and culture. and foreign regional studies.

  • PDF

Trends and Issues in Social Geography in the 2000s in S. Korea: (2) Empirical Researches (2000년대 한국 사회지리학의 경향과 논제들 -(2) 경험적 연구들-)

  • Choi, Byung-Doo
    • Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
    • /
    • v.47 no.5
    • /
    • pp.735-754
    • /
    • 2012
  • Korean society in the 2000 has experienced new many social and spatial issues such as the process of neoliberalism and changes in urban and spatial policies, the development of information and communication technology and reconfiguration of informational social space, radically increasing foreign immigrants and transformation to multicultural society, global warming and environmental injustice, and these new issues have promoted development of social geography in Korea. In addition to a review on them, this paper provides a review on empirical researches on traditional issues which have been dealt with in social geography in the 2000 in Korea. Even though there have been numerous sub-issues, they can be divided into two categories: one is urban and communal social geography including urban housing and residential segregation, urban social problems such as poverty, crime, education, health care, social welfare, urban and rural community building, identity, sense of place, and social movement; the other is social geography of population and migration, including population movement, aged society and social welfare for elderly people, and foreign immigrants and formation of multicultural social space. As some difficult conditions such as path-dependent process of neoliberalism, transformation toward informational, aged, and multicultural society would continue, so social geography in Korea to tackle with these external conditions should deepen its theoretical insights and widen its research issues.

  • PDF

A Study on the Structural Characteristics of Marginal Village : The Case of Goheung-gun in Jeollanamdo (우리나라 한계촌락의 구조적 특성에 관한 연구 - 전라남도 고흥군을 사례로 -)

  • Jeong, Won-Gi;Ahn, Young-Jin
    • Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
    • /
    • v.22 no.3
    • /
    • pp.515-528
    • /
    • 2016
  • Since 1960s the rural population of Korea has continually decreased as a result of the rapid rural-to-urban migration and this caused an economic recession as well as the accelerated aging phenomenon in the rural communities. Such problems got worse in smaller rural villages and marginal villages began to appear among the rural communities. This study aims to analyze the structures and characteristics of rural marginal villages. A case study on the county of Goheung, Jeollanamdo, is carried out using survey and stakeholder interviews. With the survey results a series of comparative analysis are done revealing the commonalities and peculiarities between two different types of marginal villages. This study also tries to reveal the residents's perceptions on the marginal villages and the potential determinants of rural rehabilitation.

  • PDF

World-Systems Analysis on the Changing Characteristics of the Kumi Region (구미(龜尾)의 지역성 변화에 대한 세계체제론적 접근)

  • Lee, Jae-Ha;Lee, Hae-Joo
    • Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
    • /
    • v.5 no.1
    • /
    • pp.77-90
    • /
    • 1999
  • This paper aims to understand the changing characteristics of the Kumi region as a locality in Korea through the regional geography of the world-system approach. To illustrate the changing regional characteristics, we analyzed the economic characteristics or position of the Kumi region within the world-economy and its spatial structure with three divisions of Korean capitalist periods: the Japanese colonial period ($1910{\sim}1945$), the social chaos period ($1945{\sim}1960$), and the economic development period ($1960{\sim}$present). In the Japanese colonial and social chaos periods, as Korean society was incorporated into the peripheral zone within the world-System (world-economy), Kumi also was made into a peripheral agricultural area. As a result, the Kumi region shaped the rural spatial structure without an urban center or regional dominant center. In the development period, influenced by the manufacturing-centered economic policy which boosted Korea as a semi-periphery within world-economy, Kumi also was developed into an industrial region(or semi-periphery) with the establishment of the Kumi electronic and textile industrial complex. This industrialization transformed the rural spatial structure of Kumi into a core (urban center)-periphery (rural area) structure. As we identified above, the regional geography of the world-system approach turned out to be a useful methodology to study a locality or internal region. Therefore we should make efforts to study such regions through the regional geography of the world-system approach.

  • PDF