• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.6 no.9
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• pp.2118-2135
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• 2012

With the rapid development of heterogeneous emerging wireless technologies and numerous types of mobile devices, the need to support robust mobile video streaming based on the seamless handover in Future Internet is growing. To support the seamless handover, several IP-based mobility management protocols such as Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6), fast handover for the MIPv6 (FMIPv6), Hierarchical MIPv6 (HMIPv6) and Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) were developed. However, MIPv6 depreciates the Quality-of-Service (QoS) and FMIPv6 is not robust for the video services in heterogeneous emerging wireless networks when the Mobile Node (MN) may move to another visited network in contrast with its anticipation. In Future Internet, the possibility of mobile video service failure is more increased because mobile users consisting of multiple wireless network interfaces (WNICs) can frequently change the access networks according to their mobility in heterogeneous wireless access networks such as 3Generation (3G), Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMax) and Bluetooth co-existed. And in this environment, seamless mobility is coupled according to user preferences, enabling mobile users to be "Always Best Connected" (ABC) so that Quality of Experience is optimised and maintained. Even though HMIPv6 and PMIPv6 are proposed for the location management, handover latency enhancement, they still have limit of local mobility region. In this paper, we propose a robust mobile video streaming in Heterogeneous Emerging Wireless Systems. In the proposed scheme, the MN selects the best-according to an appropriate metric-wireless technology for a robust video streaming service among all wireless technologies by reducing the handover latency and initiation time when handover may fail. Through performance evaluation, we show that our scheme provides more robust mechanism than other schemes.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.1249-1265
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• 2022

Video streaming has become one of the most popular applications for mobile devices. The network bandwidth required for video streaming continues to exponentially increase as video quality increases and the user base grows. Multi-Path TCP (MPTCP), which allows devices to communicate simultaneously through multiple network interfaces, is one of the solutions for providing robust and reliable streaming of such high-definition video. However, mobile video streaming over MPTCP raises new concerns, e.g., power consumption and cellular data usage, since mobile device resources are constrained, and users prefer to minimize such costs. In this work, we propose a mobile video streaming framework over MPTCP (mDASH) to reduce the costs of energy and cellular data usage while preserving feasible streaming quality. Our evaluation results show that by utilizing knowledge about video behavior, mDASH can reduce energy consumption by up to around 20%, and cellular usage by 15% points, with minimal quality degradation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.280-282
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• 2005

In this paper we propose several mapping schemes for streaming video generated by state-of-the-art H.264 codec over IEEE 802.11e enabled wireless LANs. The schemes take advantage of both 802.11e's QoS mechanism and some novel features of the H.264 codec, so as to protect the most important information in terms of visual quality and reduce distortion under network congestion. The proposed methods are evaluated by means of the H.264 reference software codec, network simulation, and objective video quality measurements. Results show that the proposed methods achieve a robust and error resilient H.264 video streaming over wireless LANs than traditional best-effort streaming.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.240-245
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• 2016

Scalable video streaming over wireless networks has many challenges. The most significant challenge is related to packet loss. To overcome this problem, in this paper, we propose an unequal loss protection (ULP) method using a new forward error correction (FEC) mechanism for robust scalable video streaming over wireless networks. For an efficient FEC assignment considering video quality, we first introduce a simple and efficient performance metric, the layer-based recovery rate (LRR), for quantifying the unequal error propagation effects of the temporal and quality layers on the basis of packet losses. LRR is based on the unequal importance in both the temporal and the quality layers of a hierarchical scalable video coding structure. Then, the proposed ULP-LRR method assigns an appropriate number of FEC packets on the basis of the LRR to protect the video layers against packet lossy network environments. Compared with conventional ULP algorithms, the proposed ULP-LRR algorithm demonstrates a higher performance for various error-prone wireless channel statuses.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.9A
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• pp.749-757
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose a robust And-Or tree-based Luby transform encoded symbol packetization algorithm to minimize the quality degradation of video streaming service caused by packet losses over wireless network. To achieve this goal, the relationship among Luby transform encoded symbols are analyzed by using And-Or tree, and the proposed packetization algorithm is designed to minimize packet loss effects by reducing the dependency among packets conveying Luby transform encoded symbols. Finally, experimental results are provided to show the performance of the proposed algorithm.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.382-392
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• 2011

This paper proposes the streaming radio frequency identification (RFID) protocol to support robust data streaming in a passive communication, which is extended from the ISO18000-6 Type C RFID standard. By observing and modeling the unique bit error behavior through detailed analysis in this paper, we found that performance is significantly limited by inaccurate and unstable link frequencies as well as low SNR which are inevitable for passive devices. Based on the analysis, we propose a simple and efficient protocol to adaptively insert extra error control sequences in a packet for tolerating tough link condition while maximizing the throughput and preserving the minimal implementation cost. To evaluate effectiveness of our proposal in real-time streaming applications, we experimented on real-time H.264 video streaming and prototyped the system on FPGA. To our best knowledge, our paper is the first work to take analytical approach for maximizing the throughput and demonstrate the possibility of the realtime multimedia streaming transmission in the passive RFID system.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.771-788
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• 2020

Detection of abandoned objects for smart video surveillance should be robust and accurate in various situations with low computational costs. This paper presents a new algorithm for abandoned object detection based on the dual background model. Through the template registration of a candidate stationary object and presence authentication methods presented in this paper, we can handle some complex cases such as occlusions, illumination changes, long-term abandonment, and owner's re-attendance as well as general detection of abandoned objects. The proposed algorithm also analyzes video frames at specific intervals rather than consecutive video frames to reduce the computational overhead. For performance evaluation, we experimented with the algorithm using the well-known PETS2006, ABODA datasets, and our video dataset in a live streaming environment, which shows that the proposed algorithm works well in various situations.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.794-799
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• 2008

This paper presents a user identification method at H.264 streaming using watermarking with fingerprints. The watermark can efficiently reduce the potential danger of forgery or alteration. Especially a biometric watermark has convenient, economical advantages. The fingerprint watermark can also improve reliability of verification using automated fingerprint identification systems. These algorithms, however, are not robust against common video compression. To overcome this problem, we analyze H.264 compression pattern and extract watermark after restoring damaged watermark using various filters. The proposed algorithm consists of enhancement of a fingerprint image, watermark insertion using discrete wavelet transform and extraction after restoring. The proposed algorithm can achieve robust watermark extraction against H.264 compressed videos.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.10-19
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• 2012

Seamless streaming of multimedia content that ensures Quality of Service over heterogeneous networks has been a desire for many multimedia services, for which the multimedia contents should be adapted to usage environments such as network characteristics, terminal capabilities, and user preferences. Scalability in video coding is a good feature to meet the requirement of heterogeneous networks. In this paper, we propose a dynamic adaptation scheme of H.264/AVC SVC bit-stream using the MPEG-21 Digital Item Adaptation (DIA) tool. MPEG-21 DIA framework provides systematic solutions in choosing an adaptation operation to given conditions and supports interoperable video adaptation. The experiment results show that the proposed adaptation scheme provides QoS-enabled delivery and consumption of SVC with time-varying constraints of network, terminal, and user preference, in a robust and efficient way. In particular, the proposed adaptation scheme is proved to work well with very low delay under the condition that the variation rate of the given network bandwidth is upto 62%.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.43-50
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• 2007

In this paper we propose a method that identifies users at H.264 streaming using watermarking with fingerprints. The watermark can efficiently reduce the potential danger of forgery or alteration. Especially a biometric watermark has various advantages. Among entire biometric characteristics, the fingerprint is the most convenient and economical. In this paper we propose a novel fingerprint-based watermarking technique that can survive under very low bit-rate compression. The proposed algorithm consists of enhancement of a fingerprint image, the watermark generation using the extracted feature coordinates, watermark insertion using discrete wavelet transform, and authentication. The proposed algorithm can achieve robust watermark extraction against 0.264 compressed videos.