• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.35-42
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• 2017

Process Hazard Analysis(PHA) have been performed for a risk management of process (petrochemical) industry for nearly 50 years. There are many PHA methods for application in the process industry, Hazop Study method has been recognized as a good method used typically in most of phase of process plant. And also there was inconvenient opinion that Hazop Study is too resource (man power, time etc.) consuming comparing its result performance (a quality of recommendations) for a good operating and existing plant. In this study, two types of PHA method - checklist and K-PSR - were performed respectively for a new para-xylene(PX)plant and 30 year old PX plant. Past history and experience of incident, operation, maintenance and so on are very important in PHA by those two methods. The higher effectiveness were realized in PHA by a checklist and K-PSR Method than prior Hazop study. And also some suggestions including PHA cycle determination, RBPS application, Follow-up plan of PHA result etc. were proposed about PHA improvement measures for a best risk management.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.350-363
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• 2002

The purposes of this study were 1) to examine the conceptual structure of outcome quality and process quality of beauty service, 2) to investigate the relationships among beauty service quality, consumer satisfaction, word-of-mouth reputation and perceived risk, and 3) to find out the effects of related variables on consumer satisfaction. The questionnaire was developed based on pretest and previous studies, and completed by 435 female consumers that experienced beauty service during about one month in Busan. First, factor analysis showed that the process quality of beauty services consisted of four factors, such as Employee Service, Physical Service, Time-saving Service, and Economic Service. And the outcome service quality consisted of two factors, such as Socio-psychological service, Functional service. Second, the higher word-of-mouth reputation and the lower perceived risk were the higher perceived beauty service quality and the more satisfied with service. Third, the process quality of beauty service, word-of-mouth reputation, socio-psychological service quality effected on consumer satisfaction. Especially, the employee service was very important on consumer satisfaction.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.451-454
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• 2023

Landslides are one of the natural disasters that cause a lot of financial and human losses every year It will be all over the world. China, especially. The Mainland China can be divided into 12 zones, including 4 high susceptibility zones, 7 medium susceptibility zones and 1 low susceptibility zone, according to landslide proneness. Climate and physiography are always at risk of landslides. The purpose of this research is to prepare a landslide hazard map using the Hierarchical Analysis Process method. In the GIS environment, it is in a part of China watershed. In order to prepare a landslide hazard map, first with Field studies, a distribution map of landslides in the area and then a map of factors affecting landslides were prepared. In the next stage, the factors are prioritized using expert opinion and hierarchical analysis process and nine factors including height, slope, slope direction, geological units, land use, distance from Waterway, distance from the road, distance from the fault and rainfall map were selected as effective factors. Then Landslide risk zoning in the region was done using the hierarchical analysis process model. The results showed that the three factors of geological units, distance from the road and slope are the most important have had an effect on the occurrence of landslides in the region, while the two factors of fault and rainfall have the least effect The landslide occurred in the region.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.67 no.3
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• pp.474-478
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• 2018

The use of metals such as aluminum and titanium and the related industrial facilities have been continuously increasing to meet the requirements of the improvement of high-tech products due to the development of industry, and explosion of metal dust. Semiconductor process Metal dust is essential, but research is insufficient. The purpose of this study is to identify risk by analyzing the quantitative risk such as maximum explosion pressure and minimum explosion concentration applied international test standard in order to select the semiconductor process facilities handling dust and to predict possible risk of accidents.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.429-443
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• 1997

We consider the problem of obtaining several types of simultaneous confidence bands for the survival curve under the additive risk model. The derivation uses the weak convergence of normalized cumulative hazard estimator to a mean zero Gaussian process whose distribution can be easily approxomated through simulation. The bands are illustrated by applying them from two well-known clinicla studies. Finally, simulation studies are carried outo to compare the performance of the proposed bands for the survival function under the additive risk model.

• Journal of the Korea Construction Safety Engineering Association
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• s.36
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• pp.73-81
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• 2006

Construction fall accidents have been investigated by many researchers. Construction workers are prone to fall when elevations of the construction site is high. And falls are the most fatal accidents: it can be directly linked to the death. Construction fall accidents might be reduced by predetermining several areas which are highly probable to have fall accidents and by controlling such areas until the completion of the building construction. In this paper, a fall prevention system is suggested which can identify the areas where the focus on fall protection is perhaps most needed from the process characteristics. Main methodologies for this research are summarized as follows: 1. A data base on elements and types of falls is constructed from the data analysis of last 10 years fall accidents history. 2. Guideline is derived by identifying the highly probable areas of fall accidents with respect to the specific construction process. 3. Developed system is verified by applying the system to construction sites. 4. Finally a fall prevention system is suggested by utilizing the fall accidents data.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.69-77
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• 2020

After the Fukushima Daiichi accidents, public concerns on nuclear safety and the corresponding burden of nuclear power plant licensees are increasing. In order to secure public trust and enhance the rationality of current safety regulation, we develop a risk-informed decision making (RIDM) framework for the Korean regulatory body. By analyzing all the regulatory activities for nuclear power plants in Korea, eight action items are selected for RIDM implementation, with appropriate procedures developed for each. For two items in particular - the accident sequence precursor analysis (ASPA) and the significance determination process (SDP) - two customized risk evaluation software has been developed for field inspectors and probabilistic safety assessment experts, respectively. The effectiveness of the proposed RIDM framework is demonstrated by applying the ASPA procedure to 35 unplanned scrams and the SDP to 24 findings from periodic inspections.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.17-29
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• 1993

The method has been proposed for the risk assessment of petro-chemical plant, specially which can evaluate relative risk levels on the materials and process-es. The each potential risk of materials and processes are derived numerically and combined these values, finally Fire and Explosion Index was found. Material factor was evaluated with the flammability and the reactivity and process factor with emprical factor called penalty. This F&EI can be performed for relative risk assesment at the whole plant and directely applicable at the line.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.11-24
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• 2017

This study attempted to establish fire risk factors and preventive measures for each of five major types of construction, focusing on construction sites. For this purpose, disaster cases were analyzed and countermeasures were prepared. In addition, fire risk factors and flammable and combustible materials by construction type according to construction process were identified and preventive measures thereof were suggested. The results of this study can be used to establish policy improvement directions that meet various educational needs and expectations by identifying the use status of flammable and combustible materials and figuring out the fire risk factors according to the process by work type in construction sites.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.1814-1820
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• 2023

Safety classification of systems, structures, and components (SSC) is an essential activity for nuclear reactor design and operation. The current regulatory trend is to require risk-informed safety classification that considers first, the severity, but also the frequency of SSC failures. While safety classification for nuclear power plants is covered in many regulatory and scientific publications, research reactors received less attention. Research reactors are typically of lower power but, at the same time, are less standardized i.e., have more variability in the design, operational modes, and operating conditions. This makes them more challenging when considering safety classification. This work presents the Integrated Risk-Informed Safety Classification (IRISC) procedure which is a novel extension of the IAEA recommended process with dedicated probabilistic treatment of research reactor designs. The article provides the details of probabilistic analysis performed within safety classification process to a degree that is often missing in most literature on the topic. The article presents insight from the implementation of the procedure in the safety classification for the MARIA Research Reactor operated by the National Center for Nuclear Research in Poland.