• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.1631-1636
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was done to investigate the influence of social risk factors on each stroke type. We recruited at the Stroke Medical Center in Daejeon University Oriental Medical Hospital from July 2005 to March 2007 for this study. We divided 217 patients with acute stroke within 2 weeks as the case group(Cases), 146 people without major risk factor as the healthy control group(Normals), and 160 people as the general control group(Controls). We analyzed general characteristics such as age, sex, with or without spouse, education periods, religion, psychologic stress, and the odds ratio of each social risk factors by multivariate logistic analysis. As a result of reviewing the influence of social risk factors upon each stroke type, without spouse may be risk factor of ischemic stroke, and the undereducated may be risk factor of hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke. But religion and psychologic stress had no significant relation with stroke.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.223-229
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• 1984

An attempt to confirm the associations of some selected risk factors of HBV infection and measure their risks, a cross-sectional study with 1,209 urban office workers was carried out. For the study, a simple questionnaire which contained several questions on personal experience and behaviors on several known selected risk factors of HBV infection was applied to each subject, and the Hepatitis B virus surface antigen and its antibody were checked by RPHA and PHA method, respectively. Risk factors chosen for this study were experience of blood transfusion and personal contact variables, such as frequencies of eating-out, drinking after office hours, going to tea room, sharing cigarettes, etc. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The proportion of HBsAg positive was 10.6%, and total HVB infected including the Anti-HBs positive cases without vaccination was 44.2%. Both were higher in male than in female. 2. Frequent personal contact through glasses and dishes in eating-outs and drinkings turned out not to be a significant risk factor of Hepatitis B surface antigenecity. 3. Frequent visits to tea room was a significant risk factor of HBV infection which combined HBsAg positive cases and Anti-HBs cases who had not received HBV vaccination. The odds ratio was 1.56 4. Blood transfusion was not a significant risk factor of both HBsAg positive and total HBV infection. In summary, indirect oral contacts through eating-outs and drinkings was not significant risk factor in Korea at least between adults. Blood transfusion is no more major source of HBV infection in Korea probably because the adquate screening test of HBsAg for the blood donors is being made.

• 정보처리학회논문지D
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• 제19D권3호
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• pp.257-262
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• 2012

본 연구는 화주와 물류업체의 협업을 통하여 급변하는 물류 환경에 유연하기 대응하기 위한 공급사슬망에서의 리스크 관리의 중요성과 리스크 분류체계를 제시하는데 있다. 이를 위하여 첫째, 공급사슬리스크와 관련된 기존연구를 고찰하여 18가지의 리스크 발생 원인별로 47개의 리스크요인을 파악하였다. 둘째, 파악된 리스크 요인을 토대로 기업 전문가 집단의 의견을 수렴하여 공급사슬망 관점에서 3개의 대분류와 10개의 중분류로 분류하였다. 셋째, 분류된 리스크에 대해 화주기업과 물류기업을 대상으로 설문 실시 후 확인적 요인분석, 집중타당성, 판별타당성 검증기법을 이용하여 공급사슬망 리스크 분류의 타탕도를 검증하였다. 마지막으로 검증결과를 바탕으로 시사점을 제시한다.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.147-157
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• 2016

시장의 세계화와 정보통신의 발전에 의해 물류 네트워크가 장기, 복잡화되어 지며, 네트워크 내에서 발생하는 리스크에 대응할 수 있는 시스템 능력이 감퇴했다. 이러한 리스크의 발생에 의해 물류시스템의 신뢰성이 저하되어, 리스크 관리의 필요성이 함께 증가하였다. 본 연구에서는 운송시스템 상에서 발생할 수 있는 리스크를 정의하고, 운송시스템의 신뢰성과 리스크 간의 관계를 규명하였다. 또한 운송시스템의 리스크 인자를 도출하여, 운송시스템의 리스크를 수리적으로 평가하는 분석 방법론을 제안하였다. 리스크 인자의 값을 산정하기 위해 발생 지수와 영향지수를 이용하였다. 본 연구에서 제안한 분석방법론을 대형화물자동차 운송시스템에 적용하여 사례연구를 실시하였고, 적용된 운송시스템에 대한 리스크 지수를 최종적으로 도출하였다. 본 연구결과로서 운송시스템에 대한 리스크를 수치화하여 분석 할 수 있음을 보였으며, 향후 본 연구 결과가 운송시스템의 리스크 관리와 리스크 회피전략 도출을 위한 기초연구자료로 활용될 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.65-91
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• 2021

Purpose In this study, we investigated the impact of perceived risk and switching costs on switching intention to cloud service based on PPM (Pull-Push-Mooring) model. Design/methodology/approach We focused on revealing the switching factors of the switching intention to the cloud services. The switching factors to the cloud services were defined as perceived risk consisting of performance risk, economic risk, and security risk, and switching costs consisting of financial and learning costs. On the PPM model, we defined the pull factors consisting of perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use, and the push factor as satisfaction of the legacy system, and the mooring factor as policy supports. Findings The results of this study as follows; (1) Among the perceived risk factors, performance risk has a negative effect on the ease of use of pull factors, and finally it was found to affect the switching intention to the cloud services. Therefore, cloud service providers need to improve trust in cloud services, service timeliness, and linkage to the legacy systems. And it was found that economic risk and security risk among the perceived risk factors did not affect the switching intention to the cloud services. (2) Of the perceived risk factors, financial cost and learning cost did not affect the satisfaction of the legacy system, which is a push factor. It indicates that the respondents are positively considering switching to cloud service in the future, despite the fact that the respondents are satisfied with the use of the legacy system and are aware of the switching cost to cloud service. (3) Policy support was found to improve the switching intention to cloud services by alleviating the financial and learning costs required for cloud service switching.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.203-215
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• 2022

Bayesian Networks are multivariate probabilistic factor graphs that are used to assess underlying factor relationships. From January 2005 to December 2018, the study examines how Dynamic Bayesian Networks can be utilized to estimate portfolio risk and return as well as determine inter-factor relationships among reversal profit-generating components in Pakistan's emerging market (PSX). The goal of this article is to uncover the factors that cause reversal profits in the Pakistani stock market. In visual form, Bayesian networks can generate causal and inferential probabilistic relationships. Investors might update their stock return values in the network simultaneously with fresh market information, resulting in a dynamic shift in portfolio risk distribution across the networks. The findings show that investments in low net profit margin, low investment, and high volatility-based designed portfolios yield the biggest dynamical reversal profits. The main triggering aspects related to generation reversal profits in the Pakistan market, in the long run, are net profit margin, market risk premium, investment, size, and volatility factor. Investors should invest in and build portfolios with small companies that have a low price-to-earnings ratio, small earnings per share, and minimal volatility, according to the most likely explanation.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.185-194
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• 2014

Recently, as value for practical use of big data is evaluated, companies and organizations that create benefit and profit are gradually increasing with application of big data. But specifical and theoretical study about possible risk factors as introduction of big data is not being conducted. Accordingly, the study extracts the possible risk factors as introduction of big data based on literature reviews and classifies according to big data processing, data collection, data storage, data analysis, analysis data visualization and application. Also, the risk factors have order of priority according to the degree of risk from the survey of experts. This study will make a chance that can avoid risks by bid data processing and preparation for risks in order of dangerous grades of risk.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.4965-4972
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• 2013

This study aimed to discuss the consumption of alcohol as a risk factor for major cancers. We performed a search in the PubMed database, using the following inclusion criteria: meta-analysis published in English in the last 10 years that addressed the relationship between alcohol and the risk of developing cancer. The results indicate that moderate to heavy consumption of alcohol increases the risk of developing cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx, esophagus, stomach, larynx, colorectum, central nervous system, pancreas, breast and prostate. This review did not find any association between alcohol consumption and an increased risk of cancers of the lung, bladder, endometrium and ovary. It was also observed that alcohol consumption may be inversely related to thyroid cancer. Our systematic review has confirmed consumption of alcohol as a risk factor for the development of several types of cancer.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.772-785
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• 2013

This study investigated the effects of fashion consumer's browsing motives and risk perception on impulse buying and purchase intention in social commerce. The online survey results of 317 customers who experienced using fashion products via social commerce were used for the final analysis. Exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, and frequency analysis were conducted using SPSS 18.0, and confirmatory factor analysis and path analysis were performed with AMOS 18.0. Three browsing motives (hedonic motive, rational motive, and informational motive) and three risk perceptions (products-related risk, customer service risk, and opportunity loss risk) were identified. The results from the structure equation model were as follows. 1) It was deducted that the browsing motive did not have a significant effect on risk perception due to the rejection of most of the hypotheses in regards to the browsing motive influence on risk perception. 2) Product-related risk and customer service risk had a significantly negative effect on purchase intention. Opportunity loss risk had significantly positive effect on impulse buying and purchase intention. 3) Hedonic browsing motive had a significant effect on impulse buying, and rational motive had a significant effect on impulse buying and purchase intention. The informational browsing motive had a significant effect only on purchase intention.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.79-87
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to analyze whether service quality and perceived risk have an effect on purchase intention and satisfaction of the fashion merchandise in internet shopping malls. To this end, a survey was conducted from June 20 to July 30 in 2005, among married women aged in their 20s and 30s, on their purchase experience of fashion merchandise from internet shopping malls. The survey was conducted over the internet with 306 subjects. The statistical analysis methods were frequency analysis, reliability analysis, factor analysis, and multiple regression analysis. First, the service quality factors were determined to be reliability, responsibility, ease of transaction, order convenience, and site characteristics. Perceived risk factors were determined to be merchandise risk, information exposure risk, social psychological risk, and function risk. Second, service quality factors of responsibility, ease of transaction, order convenience, site characteristics and perceived risk factor of social psychological risk had an effect on internet purchase intention of the fashion merchandise. Greater site use convenience, lower price, simpler ordering, and lower social psychological risk were all positively correlated with higher internet purchase intention of fashion merchandise. Third, nice quality factors and social psychological risk had an effect on satisfaction degree in internet shopping.