• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제19권spc호
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• pp.144-147
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• 2011

The main nutritional problem of sorghum${\times}$sudangrass hybrid (Sorghum bicolor${\times}$Sorghum sudanese) silage is low quality and palatability. This experiment was conducted to evaluate whether organic com grain and crushed rice addition of sorghum${\times}$sudangrass hybrid silage increases forage quality of the silage. The sorghum${\times}$sudangrass hybrid silages with added com grain and crushed rice were similar to conventional com silage in moisture content. However organic sorghum${\times}$sudangrass hybrid silage had low pH values. Silage added with gain and byproduct had higher crude ash, acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) contents than control com silages, while its non-fiber carbohydrate (NFC) and total digestible nutrients (TDN) showed the opposite results. Lactic acid, butyric acid and lactic percentage of total organic acid (L/T) of sorghum${\times}$sudangrass hybrid silages were higher than those of com silage, but acetic acid was higher than control. In vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of com silage was higher than other sorghum silages. Feed intake of sorghum${\times}$sudangrass hybrid silage added with crushed rice was highest among silages. Therefore, these data indicate that crushed rice and com grain added sorghum${\times}$sudangrass hybrid silage could be recommended as the most effective treatment for increasing silage quality and palatability.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.34-43
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• 1990

미질에 관련된 주요 형질들의 지역변이정도를 비교하기 위하여 우리나라에서 재배되고 있는 6품종이 벼를 '87-'88년의 2년간에 걸쳐 품종별로 8-20개 지역에서 수집하여 이들 각각의 도정률, 쌀의 외관, 아밀로스함량 및 알칼리 붕괴도, 관능검사에 의한 식미평가, 레오메타를 이용한 밥알의 조직감 그리고 아밀로그라프에 의한 쌀가루의 호화 및 점도특성을 조사하였다. 1. 조사한 미질관련형질 중 정현비율, 현백비율, 백미천립중 및 쌀의 아밀로스합량은 지역변이가 작았으나 완전백미비율, 쌀의 알칼리붕괴도, 쌀가루의 gel consistency, 심복백미비율, 심복백정도와 수명도의 지역변이는 상대적으로 컸으며 특히 심복백미비율의 변이정도는 공시한 6품종에서 모두 컸다. 2. 품종별로 '87년과 '88년 계속해서 심복백미비율이 상대적으로 낮은 쌀을 생산한 지역은 추청벼의 경우 충주, 음성, 안성 및 영덕이었고 동진벼는 안성, 상풍벼는 상주(화서)와 안성, 삼강벼는 춘천, 연천 및 상주(화서), 그리고 용문벼는 상주(화서)와 연천이었다. 3. 관능검사법으로 조사한 식미형질들은 품종, 연도 및 조사항목에 따라서 지역변이정도가 다양하게 변하였으나 레오메타로 조사한 밥알의 조직감 중 식미지수 및 점착성의 지역변이는 매우 컸고 응집성 및 탄력성은 낮은 변이계수를 보였다. 4. 품종별로 식미지수가 2년 연속 평균치보다 높았던 쌀을 생산한 지역은 추청벼는 해당지역이 없고, 동진벼는 안성, 상풍벼는 이천과 영덕, 삼강벼는 여주, 그리고 용문벼는 안성이었고, 점성/경도 비율이 높았던 곳은 추청벼가 김포, 동진벼는 안성, 삼강벼는 이천과 이리, 그리고 용문벼는 춘천이었다. 5. 쌀가루의 아밀로그람특성 중에서는 set back, break down 및 최고점도의 지역변이가 컸다. Set back이 특별히 낮고 break down이 평균치보다 훨씬 높은 쌀을 생산한 지역을 보면 추청벼는 서산과 안성, 동진벼는 안성, 서산 및 화순, 삼강벼는 안성, 서산, 화순 및 계화도 그리고 용문벼는 안성과 충주였다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2006

Response of grain yield and milled-rice protein content to nitrogen topdress (N) timing at panicle initiation stage (PIS) is critical for quantifying real-time N requirement for target grain yield and milled-rice protein content. Two split-split-plot experiments with three replications, one in 2004 and the other in 2005, were conducted in Experimental Farm, Seoul National University, Suwon, Korea. The experiments included three N rates at tillering stage (TS), three N timing treatments at panicle initiation stage (PIS) and two rice cultivars. The N rates at TS, N timing at PIS, and rice cultivars were randomly assigned to main plot, sub plot, and sub-sub plot, respectively. Results showed that the delayed N application at PIS reduced grain yield in 2004 and increased milled-rice protein content in both years significantly at 0.05 probability level. The calculated optimum N timing at PIS from pooled data by N rates and rice cultivars in two years was at 28 days before heading (DBH). However, real-time of N timing at PIS was dependent on plant growth and N status around PIS that in turn was dependent on applied N rates at TS. The optimum N timing at PIS was at 30 DBH for no N treatments at TS while at 27 DBH for 3.6 and 7.2 kg N/10a treatments and at 27 and 29 DBH for Hwaseongbyeo and Daeanbyeo, respectively. In general, earlier applied N at PIS resulted in lower milled-rice protein content but the highest grain yield was expected to be obtained when N topdress at PIS was applied at the time when shoot N concentration started to drop below about 23 mg/g due to dilution effect after transplanting. In conclusion, the results of our experiments imply that the currently recommended N topdress time (24DBH) at PIS in Korea should be reconsidered for the higher grain yield and the better quality of rice.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.208-208
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• 2017

No-tillage practices are expected to provide several benefits such as increasing soil organic matter, reducing labor time and saving energy cost compared with conventional tillage practices. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of no-tillage dry-seeding on rice growth and soil properties in comparison with other rice cultivation methods, machine transplanting and wet-hill-seeding on puddled paddy. Rice seedling establishment was slightly higher in no-tillage dry-seeding treatment ($145seedling\;m^{-2}$) than wet-hill-seeding on puddled paddy treatment ($111seedling\;m^{-2}$), but the seedling establishment in both treatments fell within the optimum range for direct seeding rice cultivation. Plant height, number of tillers and chlorophyll content (SPAD value) of rice in no-tillage dry-seeding treatment were higher than those of the other treatments. However, no significant differences in grain yield was observed among three cultivation methods, and the yield ranged 5.8 to $5.9ton\;ha^{-1}$. The heading date from seeding under no-tillage dry-seeding treatment was on average 109 days, which was similar to that under machine transplanting treatment (112 days), but 10 days later than that under wet-hill-seeding on puddled paddy treatment (99 days). Grain quality characteristics grown in no-tillage dry-seeding were similar to those grown in the other cultivation methods. These results indicate that no-tillage dry-seeding practice is comparable to conventional tillage system in terms of seedling establishment, growth, yields and grain quality.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제53권spc호
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• pp.44-46
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• 2008

경북지역에서 생산 유통되는 브랜드 쌀의 품질 분석을 통해 고품질 쌀 생산의 기초 자료로 활용하고자 하였으며, 분석시료로는 경북 시군에서 추천한 2006-2007년도 브랜드 쌀 26종을 사용하였다. 단백질 함량은 6.5%이하가 46.2% (12종), 6.6%-7.0%는 23.1%(6종)로 비교적 낮아 단백질 함량은 양호하였다. 완전립율은 95% 이상이 7.7%(2종), 90-94%는 15.4%(4종)이었으며 89% 이하가 76.9%(20종)로 품질이 다소 낮았으며 분상질립은 다소 높아 완전립율과 분상 질립 개선이 필요하다. DNA 분석에 의한 품종 혼입율 분포는 1-10%가 46.2%(12종), 11-20%는 34.6%(9종)로서 순도 80% 이상이 80.8%로서 매우 양호하였다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식품저장유통학회 2003년도 제23차 추계총회 및 국제학술심포지움
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• pp.13-21
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• 2003

China is the largest rice producer in the world, with about 28 million hectares rice-planting area. Most of the rice is consumed domestically as daily staple food, with a small proportion consumed as feed and deep-processed products. The low elastic elasticity and low profit of rice production which hampers the development of the industry, is due to the low quality of rice grain, low processing level and undeveloped rice processing technique. Promotion of high-quality species, effective quality control, adoption of modem Processing techniques, My use of low-quality indica rice, and utilization of specialty rice are considered as priorities in rice industry.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.332-332
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• 2017

Rice ratooning is the cultural practices to produce easily second rice from the stubble left behind after the main-crop harvest. The main advantage of rice ratooning is that in areas where rice is the main crop, double crop of rice can be grown for additional returns. Three early ripened rice cultivars were tested for estimation their milled rice quality and starch characteristics from main and ratoon rice. The main crop was harvested at mass maturity, after which the tillers were mowed to stubbles of about 10 cm tall. And then it left without any further input until the ratooned plant was ready for harvest. Highly significant variations were detected in the milled rice quality between main and ratoon rice. Protein and amylose contents of ratoon rice were more increased than those of main rice. The Toyo value (gloss) of cooked rice of ratoon crop was measured also higher than that of main crop. It resulted from higher air temperature during grain ripening compared with that of ratoon crop. The mean temperature during ripened period of ratoon rice was favorable for optimal maturation for early ripened rice cultivars. Normalized chromatograms of branch chain length distribution of amylopectin are demonstrated a distinct difference between main and ratoon rice flour. Ratoon rice had higher amount of short chains than that of main crop rice starches. Microscopic examination of rice flours with scanning electron microscopy shows starch granule shapes affected by the cropping types, main and ratoon rice. It showed significant differences among rice starch granule shapes and in granule size between main and ratoon rice. Starch of ratoon rice had more neat and smaller granules than that of main rice.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.169-174
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of abrasive processing and non abrasive processing in the milling process on the quality of rice. The effect was analyzed based on the factor such as whiteness, grain temperature, moisture content, crack and broken rice ratio. The results were as followings. Whiteness of abrasive rice was the same as non abrasive rice. The rice temperature increase of abrasive rice was $1.6^{\circ}C$ lower than non abrasive rice. The crack ratio was increased in the process of milling and non abrasive rice showed higher values than abrasive rice. The broken rice ratio of the using abrasive processing was about 0.05% lower than that of non abrasive processing. The moisture content decreased in the process of milling regardless of the use abrasive rice milling machine.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.326-332
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• 2008

영남평야지 조기재배시 국내 육성된 고품질 조생종 품종들의 품질에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 결과를 요약하면 아래와 같다. 1. 공시품종들의 평균 출수기는 7월 22일로 8월 하순에서 9월 상순사이에 수확이 가능한 것으로 판단되었고, 공시품종들의 평균 수당립수, 등숙율 및 수량에서 품종간 유의한 차이가 있었으며, 운광벼가 수량이 529 kg/10a로 가장 많았다. 2. 수확시기별 현미 품위를 조사한 결과 동할미 발생을 줄이고 현미 정립율을 높이기 위해서는 출수 후 40일경에 수확하는 것이 정립은 8월25일$\sim$ 9월1일 사이 수확하는 것이 가장 높았으며, 수확시기가 늦어질수록 미숙립의 발생은 감소하고 동할립의 발생은 증가하였다. 백미 완전미는 중화벼와 고운벼가 72.2%와 71.0%로 높았으나 싸라기 발생이 높았으며, 운광벼와 오대벼는 분상질의 발생이 많았다. 3. 운광벼와 오대벼는 백미 단백질 함량은 6.4%로 낮았으며, 식미관능검정의 총평이 각0.6 및 0.5로 밥맛이 양호하였다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제53권spc호
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• pp.31-36
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• 2008

규산 시용에 따른 수량 및 미질 관련해서는 많이 보고되고 있지만 도정 특성과 관련된 보고와 특히 저장관련 자료가 거의 없어 이에 대한 연구를 수행하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 수량 및 수량구성요소에서는 규산 시용구에서 수수 및 영화수가 증가하였으며, 등숙비율도 2%이상 증가하여 완전미 수량은 $7.7{\sim}9.5%$정도 증가하였다. 2. 미질 특성의 이화학적 성분 함량은 규산시용에 따라 단백질 함량은 $0.2{\sim}0.3%$ 감소하였으며, 쌀의 외관상 품위 변화는 시용량이 증가할수록 분상질립 및 피해립율이 감소되면서 완전미의 비율이 규산 무시용(83.2%)에 비해 규산 1배 시용시 85.6%, 1.5배 시용시 86.4%, 2배 시용시 88.7%로 높아지는 효과가 있었다. 3. 규산을 시용함에 따른 색체 선별율은 $4.2{\sim}7.2%$ 향상되었고, 색미율은 $5.5{\sim}16.6%$ 낮아져 완전미 도정수율은 $5.5{\sim}8.6%$향상되었다. 4. 규산 시용에 따른 저장성 변화에 있어서 지방산도는 저온 저장($15^{\circ}C$)에서는 저장기간에 따른 큰 변화는 없었으나, 상온저장에서는 6월 이후 증가하여 노화가 급격하게 진행되었다. 5. 쌀의 pH에 의한 최상위 등급 비율은 저온 저장에서는 9월 이후부터 낮아지는 경향이나, 상온 저장에서는 6월부터 급격히 낮아져 신선도가 현저히 저하되었으며, 저온과 상온 저장 모두 규산 시용구에서 쌀의 신선도가 무시용구에 비하여 오래 지속되는 경향이었다.