• 제목/요약/키워드: response regulators

검색결과 140건 처리시간 0.024초

식물생장조절제(植物生長調節劑)가 담배의 액아발생(腋芽發生)에 미치는 영향(影響) (Effect of Various Growth Regulators on Occurrence if Sucker in Tobacco Plant (Nicotiana tabacum L.))

  • 최충돈;김길웅
    • Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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    • 제1권
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    • pp.35-40
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    • 1983
  • 식물생장조절제(植物生長調節劑)에 의(依)한 담배의 액아발생(腋芽發生)에 관(關)한 기초자료(基礎資料)를 얻고자 조생종(早生種)인 hicks와 만생종(晩生種)인 kusaga mammoth에 MH, GA, BA의 농도를(濃度)를 달리해서 단독(單獨) 또는 혼용처리(混用處理) 하였을 시 액아발생(腋芽發生)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 구명(究明)한바 그 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 적심(摘心) 직후(直後) MH900g(a.i.)/ha 처리(處理)는 액아발생(腋芽發生)을 완전히(完全)히 억제(抑制)시켰지만 농도(濃度)가 감소(減少)함에 따라 품종(品種)에 관계(關係)없이 액아(腋芽)가 발생(發生)하였다. 무적심(無摘心) 개체(個體)에서도 비슷한 경향(傾向)을 나타내었다. 적심(摘心)한 개체(個體)에서는 GA와 BA의 여느 농도(濃度)에서 혼용(混用)을 하여도 MH가 첨가(添加)되면 액아(腋芽)가 발생(發生)하지 않지만 무적심(無摘心) 개체(個體)에서는 MH 900 g(a. i.)/ha에 BA와 GA의 농도비(濃度比)가 10:1로 혼용(混用)될 때는 액아(腋芽)가 발생(發生)하였다. 무적심(無摘心) 개체(個體)에 GA와 BA 처리(處理)는 액아발생(腋芽發生)에 아무런 영향(影響)을 미치지 않았다. 적심(摘心)한 개체(個體)에 GA와 BA의 단독처리(單獨處理)는 농도(濃度)가 높아짐에 따라 액아발생(腋芽發生)을 증가(增加)시키며 혼용(混用)하였을 때에는 antagonistio한 경향(傾向)을 나타내었다.

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제초제(除草劑) 약해경감물질(藥害輕減物質) 탐색(探索)과 작용기구(作用機構) 규명(糾明);Ⅱ. Glutathione 함량(含量)과 Glutathione S-transferase 활성(活性) 변화(變化)에 대한 N-(4-chlorophenyl) maleimide, 식물생장조절물질(植物生長調節物質) 및 Alkylating Agents 의 효과(效果) (Investigation of Herbicide Safeners and their Mode of Safening Action;II. Effect of N-(4-chlorophenyl) maleimide, Plant Growth Regulators, and Alkylating Agents on Glutathione Content and Glutathione S-transferase Activity)

  • 전재철;마상용
    • 한국환경농학회지
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    • 제14권3호
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    • pp.329-337
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    • 1995
  • 암(暗) 조건(條件)에서 3일간(日間) 생육(生育)시킨 수수에 있어서 CPMI, 식물(植物) 생장조절물질(生長調節物質) 및 akylating agent 의한 GSH 함량(含量) 및 GST 활성(活性)의 변화(變化)를 조사(調査)하였다. 무처리(無處理) 수수의 지상부(地上部) 추출물(抽出物)에서 GST의 활성(活性)과 GSH의 함량(含量)이 근부(根部)에 비하여 높게 나타났다. CPMI로 처리(處理)한 수수에서 나타난 GSH의 분포(分布) 양상(樣相)은 전반적으로 무처리(無處理)와 차이(差異)를 보이지 않았으나, 초엽부(葉部)에서 GST[metolachlor]의 활성(活性)이 무처리(無處理)에 비하여 약 2.3배 증대되었다. 이러한 GST 활성(活性)의 증대(增大)는 metolachlor에 특이적(特異的)으로 작용하는 GST isozyme의 발현(發現)에 기인하는 것으로 나타났다. 이어서 metolachlor 부활성화(不活性化) 효소(酵素)인 GST의 활성(活性) 변화(變化)를 가져오는 관연기작(關聯機作), 즉 plant hormone regulation 및 substrate induction에 근거(根據)한 일련의 실험(實驗)을 실시(實施)하였다. GST [metolachlor]의 활성(活性)은 2,4-D 처리시(處理時)에 약 2.1배 증가(增加) 하였으나, ethylene과 ABA에 의한 변화(變化)는 나타나지 않았다. 또한 metolachlor는 이 제초제(除草劑)에 특이성(特異性)을 갖는 GST isozymes의 발현(發現)을 통하여 3.4배의 GST 활성(活性) 증가(增加)를 가져온 반면에, 기타 alkylating agent로 사용(使用)된 2-iodoacetamide와 2-bromo-N-phenylacetamide에 있어서는 GST의 활성(活性)을 억제(抑制) 또는 영향(影響)을 주지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과(結果)로 부터 수수에 있어서 CPMI에 의한 GST[metolachlor] 활성(活性)의 증대(增大)가 auxin regulation 또는 substrate induction에 부분적(部分的)으로 관련(關聯)되어 있는 것으로 나타났다.

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사포닌 생산을 위한 인삼 root 액체배양조건의 최적화 (Optimization of Submerged (Ginseng Root Culture Conditions for the Production of Saponin)

  • 오훈일;장은정;이시경
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • 제24권3호
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    • pp.118-122
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    • 2000
  • 식물조직배양기술을 이용하석 인삼의 주요약리성분인 사포닌을 생산하고자, 식물생장조절물질로 유도된 인삼 root를 사용하여 사포닌 생산을 위한 최적액체배양조건을 RSM으로 조사하였다. 최적액체배양조건을 배지의 pH, sucrose 농도,nitrogen 농도, phosphate 농도의 3 level-4 factor의 fractional factorial design에 의하여 조사한 결과, 인삼 root의 사포닌 함량은 최저 0.174%에서 최고 0.303울까지 나타났다. 다중회귀분석으로 구한 model식을 가지고 등고분석과 3차원분석을 수행한 후 독립변수의 최저 또는 최고수준에서 종속변수가 최대치를 나타내지 않는 phosphate농도 변수에 대하여 model식을 편미분한 결과 인삼 roe떠 사포닌 함량이 최고치를 나타내는 액체배양조건은 pH 5.5, sucrose 5%, nitrogen 50 mg/L, phosphate 93 mg/L 예측되었다. 이렇게 결정된 조건값들을 model식에 대입하여 얻은 예상치는0.308%였다.

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삼정환(三精丸)이 대식세포의 면역반응에서 유도되는 $IL-1{\beta}$ 유전자의 발현에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Samjunghwan on the $IL-1{\beta}$ Gene Expression in the Macrophage)

  • 김세윤;정지천
    • 대한한방내과학회지
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    • 제27권1호
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    • pp.228-236
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    • 2006
  • Objectives : Macrophage has an important innate defense role in the immune system. When we are infected with pathogens, macrophage ingests them through phagocytosis or endocytosis, and then secretes many cytokines, such as IL-1, IL-6 and $TGF{\alpha}$, which are regulators of immune responses. The aim of this study is to determine how Samjunghwan effects the expression of cytokine and other immune-related genes in macrophages. Methods : Cells were treated directly with Samjunghwan and/or LPS at regular intervals. Total RNA of cells was isolated using TRIzol reagent, and the changes in cytokine gene expressions were investigated using RT-PCR, western blot and ELISA. Results : $IL-1{\alpha},\;IL-1{\beta}$ and COX-2 genes were inducibly expressed specifically by Samjunghwan in macrophage. Especially, $IL-1{\beta}$ gene was induced most strongly by treatment with Samjunghwan. Over time, treatment with Samjunghwan showed that the expression levels of $IL-1{\alpha}\;and\;$IL-1{\beta}$ genes increased from 1 to 4h, and then decreased from 4 to ISh. However, the expression level of COX-2 gene increased continuously up to 11h. $IL-1{\alpha},\;IL-1{\beta}$ and COX-2 genes were expressed synergistically by a simultaneous treatment of both Samjunghwan and LPS in macrophages. Secretion levels of translated $IL-1{\beta}$ increased continuously up to 11h. Conclusions : Though this study is only a start in the investigation of the efficasy of Samjunghwan, these results suggest that Samjunghwan has positive effects on immune responses.

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Growth, secondary metabolite production and antioxidant enzyme response of Morinda citrifolia adventitious root as affected by auxin and cytokinin

  • Baque, Md. Abdullahil;Hahn, Eun-Joo;Paek, Kee-Yoeup
    • Plant Biotechnology Reports
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    • 제4권2호
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    • pp.109-116
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    • 2010
  • Morinda citrifolia adventitious roots were cultured in shake flasks using Murashige and Skoog medium with different types and concentrations of auxin and cytokinin. Root (fresh weight and dry weight) accumulation was enhanced at 5 $mg\;l^{-1}$ indole butyric acid (IBA) and at 7 and 9 $mg\;l^{-1}$ naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). On the other hand, 9 $mg\;l^{-1}$ NAA decreased the anthraquinone, phenolic and flavonoid contents more severely than 9 $mg\;l^{-1}$ IBA. When adventitious roots were treated with kinetin (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 $mg\;l^{-1}$) and thidiazuron (TDZ; 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 $mg\;l^{-1}$) in combination with 5 $mg\;l^{-1}$ IBA, fresh weight and dry weight decreased but secondary metabolite content increased. The secondary metabolite content (including 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl activity) increased more in TDZ-treated than in kinetin-treated roots. Antioxidative enzymes such as catalase (CAT) and guaiacol peroxidase (G-POD), which play important roles in plant defense, also increased. A strong decrease in ascorbate peroxidase activity resulted in a high accumulation of hydrogen peroxide. This indicates that adventitious roots can grow under stress conditions with induced CAT and G-POD activities and higher accumulations of secondary metabolites. These results suggest that 5 $mg\;l^{-1}$ IBA supplementation is useful for growth and secondary metabolite production in adventitious roots of M. citrifolia.

Polyamine Stimulation of arcA Expression in Escherichia coli

  • Rhee, Mun-Su;Kim, Young-Sik;Park, Seon-Young;Park, Myung-Hun;Kim, Bo-Min;Kang, Seong-Uk;Lee, Kui-Joo;Lee, Jong-Ho
    • Journal of Microbiology
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    • 제40권4호
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    • pp.305-312
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    • 2002
  • The effects of two natural polyamines (putrescine and spermidine) on the synthesis of ArcA, a response regulator of the Arc two-component signal transduction system, were studied using an E. coli mutant deficient in polyamine biosynthesis. Endogenous polyamine deficiency of the mutant resulted in marked reduction in the ArcA level determined by Western blot analysis. Putrescine supplement to the growth medium effectively increased the ArcA level of the mutant in a concentration-dependent manner. Spermidine also stimulated the ArcA level in the mutant to a greater degree than putrescine. Expression of arcA'::lacZ operon fusion in the mutant was stimulated 6-fold and 10-fold by putrescine and spermidine at a 1mM concentration, respectively, indicating that the stimulatory effect of the polyamines on ArcA synthesis is due to transcriptional induction, and that spermidine is a more potent arcA inducer than putrescine. The polyamine-dependent arcA'::lacZ induction was growth-phase-dependent and independent of either arcA or fnr which are two regulators involved in anaerobic stimulation of the Arch level. These results suggested that putrescine and spermidine polyamines may be potential intracellular signal molecules in the control of arcA expression, and thereby may play an important role in cellular metabolism.

돌나물 엽절편으로부텨 캘러스 형성 및 식물체 분화에 미치는 생장조절물질의 영향 (Effects of Growth Regulators on Callus Induction and Plant Regeneration from Leaf Explants of Sedum sarmentosum)

  • 안정호;이승엽
    • Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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    • 제31권1호
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    • pp.25-29
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    • 2004
  • 돌나물 (Sedum samentosum)의 기내 식물체 재분화 체계를 확립하기 위하여, 생장조절물질을 다르게 조합한MS배지에 잎절편을 치상한 후,캘러스 유기 및 식물체 분야에 미치는 생장조절물질의 영향을 조사하였다. 캘러스 유기는 3.0mg/L 2,4-D와 1.0mg/L BA첨가 배지에서 가장 높은 캘러스 유기율을 보였으나, NAA와 BA 혼합첨가 배지에서는 캘러스 형성율이 0∼3%이하로 극히 낮았다. 식물체 분화는 NAA 단독첨가 배지에서는 전혀 분화되지 않았으며,0.2mg/L NAA와 3.0mg/L BA첨가배지에서 가장 양호하였다. 캘러스를 식물체 분화배지에 계대배양 후 50일까지는 신초수 증가와 함께 (17.2개/캘러스),식물체의 기형이나 잎비대 현상도 적어 식물체 분화배지로 가장 적합하였다. 분화 식물체는 생장조절물질을 첨가하지 않은 MS기본배지로 계대배양하였을 때 발근 및 생육이 양호하였다.

The potential impact of low dose ionizing ${\gamma}$-radiation on immune response activity up-regulated by Ikaros in IM-9 B lymphocytes

  • Kim, Sung-Jin;Jang, Seon-A;Yang, Kwang-Hee;Kim, Ji-Young;Kim, Cha-Soon;Nam, Seon-Young;Jeong, Mee-Seon;Jin, Young-Woo
    • 대한방사선방어학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한방사선방어학회 2011년도 추계 학술발표회 및 심포지엄
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    • pp.212-213
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    • 2011
  • The biological effects of low dose ionizing radiation (LDIR) remain insufficiently understood. We examined for the scientific evidence to show the biological effects of LDIR using radiation-sensitive immune cells. We found that Ikaros protein was responsed to low dose-dependent effects of gamma radiation in IM-9 B lymphocytes. Ikaros encodes zinc finger transcription factors that is important regulators of a hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) progression to the B lymphoid lineage development, differentiation and proliferation. In this study, we observed that cell proliferation was enhanced from 10% to 20% by LDIR (0.05 Gy) in IM-9 B lymphocytes. The Ikaros protein was phosphorylated in its serine/threonine (S/T) region and decreased its DNA binding activity in the cells exposed to LDIR. We found that Ikaros phosphorylation was up-regulated by CK2/AKT pathway and the residues of ser-304 and ser-306 in Ikaros was phosphorylated by LDIR. We also observed that Ikaros protein was localized from the nucleus to the cytoplasm after LDIR and bound with Autotaxin (ENPP2, ATX) protein, stimulating proliferation, migration and survival of immune cells. In addition, we found that the lysoPLD activity of ATX was dependent on Ikaros-ATX binding activity. These results indicate that the Ikaros is an important regulator of immune activation. Therefore, we suggest that low dose ionizing radiation can be considered as a beneficial effects, stimulating the activation of immune cells.

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Synthetic Maternal Stress Hormone Can Modulate the Expression of Hox Genes

  • ;;;;김명희
    • 대한의생명과학회지
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    • 제15권3호
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    • pp.249-255
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    • 2009
  • All living things have been developed efficient strategies to cope with external and internal environmental changes via a process termed 'homeostasis'. However, chronic prenatal maternal stress may significantly contributes to pregnancy complications by disturbing hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the automatic nervous system (ANS), and results in unfavorable development of the fetus. Dysregulation of these two major stress response systems lead to the increased secretion of the glucocorticoids (GCs) which are known to be essential for normal development and the maturation of the central nervous system. As Hox genes are master key regulators of the embryonic morphogenesis and cell differentiation, we aimed to determine the effects of dexamethasone, a potent synthetic glucocorticoid, on gene expression in mesenchymal stem cell C3H10T1/2. Analysis of 39 Hox genes based on reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) method revealed that the expression patterns of Hox genes were overall upregulated by long dexametasone treatment. These results indicate that maternal stress may have a deleterious effect on early developing embryo through the stress hormone, glucocorticoid.

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포도의 경정배양에 의한 다아체형성 및 신장에 미치는 생장조절제의 영향 (Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on Multiple Shoot Formation and Elongation from Shoot Tip Cultures of Grape Species)

  • 서정해;정재동;권오창
    • 식물조직배양학회지
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    • 제28권1호
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    • pp.25-32
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    • 2001
  • 우리나라 주요 과수류중 하나인 포도의 경정배양을 통하여 증식재료로 이용할 수 있는 다아체의 형성 및 이들의 신장에 미치는 생장조절물질의 영향에 관해 검토하였다. 경정배양 시 재료의 살균은 5월 초순에 생육이 왕성한 신초를 채취하여 NaOCl 1%용액에 10분간 살균한 것에 비해 Wilson액에 5분간 침지 살균했을 때 생존율이 높았다. 다아체의 증식은 3/4 MS 기본배지에 NAA 0.1 mg/L와 BA 3.0mg/L에서 양호하였다. 다아체로부터 신초의 신장은 3/4 MS배지에 AdSO$_4$80 mg/L, NAA 0.1 mg/L와 BA를 1.0~2.0 mg/L 혼합한 배지에서 양호하였으며 품종간 생장조절물질의 적정농도 차이는 거의 없었다.

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