• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.93-112
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• 2002

Recently, the number of the elderly has increased according to the improvement of socioeconomic status and the efficient medical care system. In spite of the development of medicine, the elderly suffers from the various health problems caused by weakness of musculoskeletal system, cardiopulmonary function and immunologic dysfunction. Regular rhythmic exercise program is known to be one of the effective tools to enhance the health condition in the elderly. However, there has been few studies to evaluate the comprehensive effects of rhythmic movement program on the elderly. This study was focused to evaluate the indices of cardiopulmonary function, life satisfaction, calcium, phosphorous, osteocalcin and deoxypyridinoline which are the essential factors of health problems in the elderly women. Twenty six subjects, aged between 68 and 72, who can do the ordinary activities and do not have cardiovascular dysfunction and mental disorder, participated in this study. They were divided into two groups: 13 in the experimental group and 13 in the control group. The experimental group participated in the rhythmic movement program at the welfare center located in G-city. The program were consisted of three sessions a week during 10 weeks. Each session had three parts: warming up(10 minutes), main exercise(40 minutes), finishing(10 minutes). Heart rate, blood pressure and peripheral arterial oxygen saturation were measured for the evaluation of cardiopulmonary function. Serum calcium, phosphorous, osteocalcin and urine deoxypyridinoline were measured as the indices of bony metabolism. Data were analyzed with mean, standard deviation, $x^2$-test, t-test, paired t-test using SPSS PC+ program. The results of this study were as follows. 1) Heart rate of the experimental group showed significant decrease following the rhythmic movement program. Peripheral arterial oxygen saturation of the experimental group showed significant increase following the program. 2) The degree of life satisfaction of the experimental group showed significant increase following the program. 3) Calcium showed significant decrease following the program but remained within normal range. There was no significant difference of phosphorous between two groups. 4) Osteocalcin, the index of bone formation, showed no significant change following the program, but significant increase in the experimental group comparing with the control group. 5) Deoxypyridinoline, the index of bone resorption, in urine of the experimental group showed significant decrease following the program. In conclusion, the rhythmic exercise program in the elderly showed the improvement of physiologic function and favorable effects on life satisfaction and bony metabolism. According to the above results, the regular rhythmic movement program can be strongly recommended for the improvement of health in the elderly women.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.222-228
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• 1990

The development of histomorphometric and histodynamic investigations has permitted the description of a specific and complex osteopathy in hyperthyroidism. The increased bone turnover rate in hyperthyroid patients may be accompanied by a considerable bone loss. These features are associated with both inclosed osteoclastic bone resorption and increased osteoblastric bone formation, with an accelerated calcification rate. Conventional biochemical markers of bone metabolism, i.e. serum calcium and alkaline phosphatase and urinary hydroxyproline and calcium are normal in most patients with hyperthyroidism. However, the correlation between serum BGP and serum concentration of thyroid hormon suggests that serum BGP may be a sensitive marker of increased bone formation due to the hypersecretion of thyroid hormones. Any increase in bone turnover, whether focal or diffuse, will result in an increase in $^{99m}Tc-methylenediphosphonate$ uptake (MDP). The measurement of this uptake in hyperthyroid patients by bone provides a sensitive and objective means of quantifying skeletal metabolism. Using a standard shadow-shield whole-body monitor and radioimmunoassay kit, we have measured whole-body retention of $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ up to 24hr and concentration of serum Osteocalcin in 20 patients with hyperthyroidism and in 42 normals. The results were as follows; 1) The average of serum Osteocalcin level in 42 patients with normals was $9.90{\pm}4.87(ng/ml)$ and in 20 patients with hyperthyroidism was $19.54{\pm}5.7(ng/ml)$. Both the averages of serum Osteocalcin and 24hr $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ uptakes in hyperthyroid patients were higher than those in normals. 2) $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ uptakes in skeletal system increased in proportion to normal ageing after 40 yrs old in 42 patients with normals. The average of $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ uptakes in hyperthyroid patients were higher than those in normals without related ageing. 3) A significant relationships between the $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ uptakes and serum Osteocalcin level were peformed (r=0.55, $y=17.58+6.7\times$). From the above results we concluded that the measurement of serum Osteocalcin and 24hr $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ uptakes can be used for evaluation of bone turnover as a specific marker in hyperthyroid patients.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.117-128
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• 1997

Using barrier membrane, guided bone regeneration(GBR) and guided tissue regeneration(GTR) of periodontal tissue are now widely studied and good results were reported. In bone regeneration, not all cases gained good results and in some cases using GTR, bone were less regenerated than that of control. The purpose of this study is to search for the method to improve the success rate of GBR and GTR by examination of the cause of the failure. For these study, rats and beagle dogs were used. In rat study, 5mm diameter round hole was made on parietal bone of the rat and 10mm diameter of bioresorbable membrane was placed on the bone defects and sutured. In 1 ,2, 4 weeks later, the rats were sacrificed and Masson-Trichrome staining was done and inspected under light microscope for guided bone regeneration. In dog study, $3{\times}4mm^2$ Grade III furcation defect was made at the 3rd and 1th premolar on mandible of 6 beagle dogs. The defects were covered by bioresorbable membrane extending 2-3mm from the defect margin. The membrane was sutured and buccal flap was covered the defect perfectly. In 2, 4. 8 weeks later. the animals were sacrificed and undecalcified specimens were made and stained by multiple staining method. In rats. there was much amount of new bone formation at 2 weeks. and in 4 weeks specimen, bony defect was perfectly dosed and plenty amount of new bone marrow was developed. In some cases, there were failures of guided bone regeneration. In beagle dogs, guided tissue regeneration was incomplete when the defect was collapsed by the membrane itself and when the rate of resorption was so rapid than expected. The cause of the failure in GBR and GTR procedure is that 1) the membrane was not tightly seal the bony defects. If the sealing was not perfect, fibrous connective tissue infiltrate into the defect and inhibit the new bone formation and regeneration. 2) the membrane was too tightly attached to the tissue and then there was no space to be regenerated. In conclusion, the requirements of the membrane for periodontal tissue and bone regeneration are the biocompatibility, degree of sealingness, malleability. space making and manipulation. In this animal study. space making for new bone and periodontal ligament, and sealing the space might be the most important point for successful accomplishment of GBR and GTR.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.79-83
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• 2003

Purpose : To assess the relationship between the direction of the indicating rod of the radiographic stent for ideal prosthetic design and the actual possible path of implant fixture placement when residual ridge resorption is considered. Materials and Methods: The study materials consisted of 326 implant sites (male 214 cases and female 112 cases) from a total of 106 patients (male 65 patients and female 41 patients) who desired implant prostheses. Computed tomography of patients were taken and reformatted using ToothPix/sup (R)/ software. Bony defects, bony sclerosis, the change of the direction of indicating rod, and root proximity of the adjacent teeth were examined on the CT-derived images. Results: The rate of the irregular crestal cortex was relatively high on premolar and molar area of maxilla. Mandibular molar area showed relatively high rate of focal sclerosis on the area of implant fixture insertion. The position of the indicating rods were relatively acceptable on the molar areas of both jaws. However, the position of the indicating rods should be shifted to buccal side with lingual rotation of the apical end on maxillary anterior teeth and premolar area. Conclusion: Clinically determined rod direction and position of the indicating rod for implant placement was not always acceptable for insertion according to the reformatted CT images. The pre-operative treatment plan for implant should be determined carefully, considering the state of the alveolar bone using the reformatted CT images.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.38-43
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• 2002

15.5% ferric sulfate solution을 이용하여 유치치수절단술을 시행한 유구치의 상태를 임상적, 방사선학적으로 평가를 하여 이를 20%로 희석한 formocresol로 치수절단술을 시행한 경우와 비교하였다. 1997년부터 1998년까지 서울대학교병원 소아치과에서 치료를 받은 건강한 환아를 대상으로 하였고, ferric sulfate를 이용한 치수절단술을 치료받은 30개의 치아와 20%로 희석한 formocresol로 치수절단술치료한 23개의 치아, 총 53개의 치아를 평균 34개월 후 follow-up하여 그 임상적, 방사선학적 상태를 조사하였다. ferric sulfate군의 전체적인 성공률은 80.0%이었고, formocresol군의 성공률은 81.0%이었다. 두 군의 결과 차이를 카이제곱검정의 통계방법으로 분석하였다. ferric sulfate군의 4개와 formocresol군의 4개의 치아가 외흡수를 보였고 근단부 치조골파괴는 ferric sulfate군의 3개와 formocresol군의 2개에서 보였다. ferric sulfate군과 formocresol군 사이의 성공률은 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.322-329
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• 2015

본 연구는 연산 오골계의 물 추출물을 이용하여 MG-63 조골세포와 RAW 264.7 파골세포의 분화에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 조골세포의 분화에 미치는 영향을 관찰하기 위해 ALP 활성 분석과 alizarin red 염색을 통해 골 석회화를 측정하였다. 그리고 RAW 264.7 파골세포의 분화 억제 활성을 확인하기 위해 TRAP 활성과 염색을 분석 측정하였다. 연산 오골계 물 추출물을 농도별($250-1,000{\mu}g/ml$)로 처리한 결과 조골세포와 파골세포에서 세포독성을 나타내지 않았다. ALP 활성은 3년산 암탉 육질이 133.8%, 3년산 수탉 육질은 129.6%로 육질이 껍질보다 조골세포 분화력이 높았다. 그리고 육질에서는 3년산이 1년산보다 ALP 활성이 높으나 껍질에서는 1년산이 3년산보다 조골세포 분화능력이 높았다. 성별 간 ALP 활성은 전체적으로 암탉이 수탉보다 높은 ALP 활성을 보였다. 또한, 골 석회화 능력은 3년산 암탉 육질이 연령과 성별을 통틀어 124.3%로 가장 뛰어났으며 TRAP 활성은 3년산 수탉 육질이 31.8%로 연령과 성별을 통틀어 억제 활성이 가장 뛰어났다. 연산 오골계 물 추출물은 조골세포 분화능력이 뛰어나 골의 석회화를 촉진하는 능력이 뛰어났으며 파골세포의 분화를 억제하여 골 흡수를 억제하는 능력이 뛰어났다. 이에 연산 오골계는 골 기능 강화와 골 관련 질환에 대한 예방과 치료에 효과가 있을 것으로 보인다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.1112-1121
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• 2019

Objective: Gram-negative bacteria lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been reported to be associated with uterine impairment, embryonic resorption, ovarian dysfunction, and follicle retardation. Here, we aimed to investigate the toxic effects of LPS on the maturation ability and parthenogenetic developmental competence of bovine oocytes. Methods: First, we developed an in vitro model to study the response of bovine cumulusoocyte complexes (COCs) to LPS stress. After incubating germinal vesicle COCs in $10{\mu}g/mL$ of LPS, we analyzed the following three aspects: the expression levels of the LPS receptor toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in COCs, activities of intracellular signaling protein p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-${\kappa}B$); and the concentrations of interleukin (IL)-$1{\beta}$, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$, and IL-6. Furthermore, we determined the effects of LPS on the maturation ability and parthenogenetic developmental competence of bovine oocytes. Results: The results revealed that LPS treatment significantly elevated TLR4 mRNA and protein expression levels in COCs. Exposure of COCs to LPS also resulted in a marked increase in activity of the intracellular signaling protein p-p38 MAPK and NF-${\kappa}B$. Furthermore, oocytes cultured in maturation medium containing LPS had significantly higher concentrations of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-$1{\beta}$, TNF-${\alpha}$, and IL-6. LPS exposure significantly decreased the first polar body extrusion rate. The cytoplasmic maturation, characterized by polar body extrusion and distribution of peripheral cortical granules, was significantly impaired in LPS-treated oocytes. Moreover, LPS exposure significantly increased intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and the relative mRNA abundance of the antioxidants thioredoxin (Trx), Trx2, and peroxiredoxin 1 in oocytes. Moreover, the early apoptotic rate and the release of cytochrome C were significantly increased in response to LPS. The cleavage, morula, and blastocyst formation rates were significantly lower in parthenogenetically activated oocytes exposed to LPS, while the incidence of apoptotic nuclei in blastocysts was significantly increased. Conclusion: Together, these results provide an underlying mechanism by which LPS impairs maturation potential in bovine oocytes.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.134-141
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• 2019

목적: 본 연구에서는 리튬 디실리케이트-지르코니아 이중도재관과 단일구조 지르코니아로 제작된 구치부 고정성 임플란트 지지 보철물의 2년간의 임상적 결과를 비교하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2015년에서 2018년 사이 부산대학교 치과병원에 내원하여 치료받은 총 17명의 환자(남성: 12, 여성: 5)를 대상으로 60개의 구치부 고정성 임플란트 지지 보철물을 제작하였다(LP. Lithium disilicate pressed zirconia prostheses: n = 30, MZ. Monolithic zirconia prostheses: n = 30) 보철물 제작 후 2년간의 추적 관찰을 통해 임플란트 생존율, 변연골 흡수량, 치주낭 깊이, 치태지수, 출혈지수, 치석지수 및 합병증을 평가하였다. 결과: 모든 임플란트가 기능적 문제와 동요도 없이 100%의 생존율을 보였다. 변연골 흡수량은 관찰 12개월에 LP군이 MZ군 보다 더 적었으며 (P < .05), 임상 검사시 관찰 12개월의 치주낭 깊이 및 치석 지수는 LP군에서 더 높았다 (P < .05). 주된 합병증으로 MZ군에서 7개에서 1.5 mm 이상의 골흡수가 관찰되었으며, LP군에서 2개의 chipping이 관찰되었다. 결론: 본 연구의 한계 내에서, 구치부 임플란트 지지 보철물에서 리튬 디실리케이트가 프레스된 지르코니아 보철물은 단일구조 지르코니아 보철물과 함께 예지성 있는 치료방법으로 판단된다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.196-206
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• 2005

이 연구는 비타민 C 결핍이 guinea pig에서의 실험적 치아이동속도와 치조골 개조에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 시행되었다 이를 위하여 웅성 guinea pig 30마리를 대상으로 정상량의 비타민 C (5 mg/day) 를 투여한 군(정상군)과 결핍량(0.2mg/day)을 투여한 군(결핍군)으로 나누고 치아이동 실험을 시행하였다. 초기 교정력 75gm으로 상악의 좌우 중절치를 이개시키는 치아이동을 시행하고, 순차적으로 실험 경과기간이 지나면 치아이동양을 계측하고 희생시켜 조직 소견을 관찰하였다. 실험 결과. 결핍군에서 치조골과 치주인대의 교원섬유 함량은 현저한 감소와 불규칙한 배열을 보였으며 인대세포의 수적 감소 및 출혈이 관찰되었고 치조골에서 골형성의 감소와 파골세포의 출현 및 골소강의 크기증가와 골소강내의 다수의 파골세포가 관찰되었다. 정상군의 인장측 치조골은 치아이동 시간경과에 따라 조골세포와 골형성이 지속적인 증가를 보였으나, 결핍군에서는 조골세포가 감소하고 골형성은 미약한 양상을 보였다. 치아 이동양은 실험 초기 1일, 3일, 5일, 7일 결핍군의 치아이동양이 정상군보다 많게 나타났다 (p<0.05) 이상의 결과에서 비타민 C 결핍은 치주조직의 교원질의 합성을 억제하여 치조골의 형성을 감소시키고 흡수를 증가시키는 골개조를 초래하며, 치아이동중 인장측 치조골 형성을 억제하고 압박측 치조골 흡수를 촉진하여 치아이동 초기에는 빠른 치아이동을 가져오는 것을 시사한다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제41권7호
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• pp.612-620
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• 2008

골다공증의 위험율이 높은 폐경 후 여성을 대상으로 이소플라본 보충과 운동의 단독 또는 복합적인 중재가 소변 칼슘, 마그네슘, 구리, 아연배설량에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 $45{\sim}67$세의 폐경 후 여성 67명을 연령, 체질량 지수와 Base line 골밀도에 차이가 없도록 대조군 (16명), 보충군 (19명), 운동군 (16명), 보충 + 운동군 (16명)으로 나누어 연구를 수행하였다. 보충 + 운동군과 보충군에게는 8주 동안 매일 이소플라본 90 mg을 보충하였으며 운동군과 보충+운동군에게는 함께 운동을 실시한 후 중재 전후의 소변 칼슘, 마그네슘, 구리, 아연 배설량 변화를 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 소변의 칼슘, 마그네슘, 구리의 배설량은 유의적인 변화를 보이지 않았다. 그러나 식이 아연의 섭취량이 운동과 이소플라본 보충을 실시하는 동안 변화가 없었음에도 불구하고, 이소플라본 보충군에서 소변 아연의 배설량이 유의적으로 감소하여 이소플라본의 보충이 골대사에 중요한 역할을 하는 아연 보유량을 증가시킨 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 통하여 폐경 후 여성에서 운동과 이소플라본의 동시 중재가 각각의 중재방법보다 골대사의 향상에 유의적인 상승 작용이 없음을 확인 할 수 있었다. 또한 이소플라본의 단독 보충군에서만 소변의 아연 배설량을 감소시키는 다소 미미한 연구 결과가 제시되었다. 그러나 본 연구는 연구 기간이 짧고, 이소플라본의 보충량이나 운동의 중재방법이 다양하지 못하다는 많은 제한점을 가지고 있으므로, 추후 효과적인 투여 농도와 운동중재 방법을 모색하고, 또한 운동과 기능성 식이성분의 효과적인 복합 중재 방법을 결정 할 수 있는 계속적인 연구가 필요하다고 본다.