• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.363-384
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• 2008

This study aims at improving Korea's competitiveness in port logistics through marketing strategy with integrating the conceptual approach into the empirical one and combining both the oldest military treatise and the newest evaluating model in social science that was applied by the HFP(hierarchical fuzzy process) model enhanced by the KJ method. The empirical results of this study show Busan in the middle among subject ports. At present, Korea plays a reciprocal role in the port market in East Asia, but in the medium- and long-term, Korea's ports will vie together with most major ports in the East Asian region. A descriptive investigation shows that Korea's developing tasks in port logistics must be considered in the context of the direction for developing port policies, the necessity of expanding port facilities in the capital region, securing the sufficient traffic volume through the establishment of the hinterland linking system and its positive utilization, and reforming the direction for developing the global logistics through increased port competitiveness. In the short- and medium-term, Korea must use the opportunity factor of 'Growth and open door policy of China' as a geoeconomic advantage and to utilize Korea's ports as a gate to Chinese foreign trade. With the rise of China's economy, China also plays a significant role in both port and airport markets. Hence, the linking system between the two must be established to meet the expanding traffic volume, especially in the capital area. Moreover, it is necessary for Korea to secure port logistics through the establishment of the hinterland linking system and its positive utilization. The great accomplishment of this paper is to present strategies to increase Korea's port competitiveness in the rapidly changing environments of world logistics with the focus on both the oldest military strategic treatise and the newest empirical method in social science. In order to reinforce this study, it needs further compensative research because the evaluation structure could be subdivided with more extensive and precise criteria.

• Archives of design research
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• v.18 no.4 s.62
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• pp.277-286
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to ascertain the design element in traditional palaces of Korea, China and Japan. It takes threesteps to proceed this study. Firstly, it needs to be established the analysis framework from the documents. In second step, the design elements - the form, the material, the pattern and the color - should be collected and investigated through the observation of the actual traditional palaces the Changduckung, the Forbidden City, the Nijo castle. The third step is the analysis of the results of the investigation of the design elements from step two. To sum up similarities and dissimilarities among the design element in traditional palaces of Korea, China and Japan is as the following It is to be noticed that the mainly common characteristics of the artistic design are 'naturalism', 'harmonious ideas' and 'confucianism'. But the representation style of the design element is differed from the country. : The typical features of China are symmetry, glassy surface by artificial process, the meandered curve, the magnificent pattern and the constrable color. In Japan, the mathematical asymmetry, made-up rough surface by artificial skill, decorativepattern with abbreviation and achromatic color are important feature of the design element. While the major features of Korean design element are asymmetrical balance with nature, rough surface by natural process, moderate pattern and harmonious color.

• Archives of design research
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• v.18 no.4 s.62
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• pp.73-84
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to analyze the interior color characteristics of elderly housing facilities in Korea. For this purpose, a filed survey was conducted between October 16 and October 25, 2003, visiting 10 elderly housing facilities. A three step analysis of the facilities was involved. First, floor, walls, ceiling, base boards and doors in common spaces were examined for the color scheme using the 'Pantone for Fashion and Home Color Guide' for each room. Measured Pantone numbers were converted to RGB color using 'Chooser 3.0 of Pantone, Inc.' Finally, the conversions were recorded as Munsell numbers. The results are as follows. First, the brightness used in elderly housing facilities ranges from high value to low value while the chroma ranges from the middle chroma to low chroma. The warm colors of Y and YR are mainly used, followed by GY and R. Second, the colors used for elderly housing facilities are found inter-related. For example, the main color in the lobby is also used for corridor and used again in dining room, library, and treatment room. Third, in terms of the color scheme, it is best help the elderly, who generally have lower recognition capability, by highlighting the distinction and attention by using the dearly distinctive accent color for the transition space, edge of the hallways or in front of the door to the units and having different color for each floor. But in most facilities except one or two, this consideration is ignored. Fourth, there is difference in color selection between elderly housing with low and high rental value. Only one facility, the most high priced one, has aggressive color arrangement, and the others show very little consideration of the elderly's needs.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.54-60
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• 2014

IAEA has employed various types of radiation detectors - HPGe, NaI, CZT - for accountancy of nuclear material. Among them, HPGe has been mainly used in verification activities required for high accuracy. Due to its essential cooling component(a liquid-nitrogen cooling or a mechanical cooling system), it is large and heavy and needs long cooling time before use. New hand-held portable HPGe has been developed to address such problems. This paper deals with results of performance evaluation test of the new hand-held portable HPGe prototype which was used during IAEA's inspection activities. Radioactive spectra obtained with the new portable HPGe showed different characteristics depending on types and enrichments of nuclear materials inspected. Also, Gamma-rays from daughter radioisotopes in the decay series of $^{235}U$ and $^{238}U$ and characteristic x-rays from uranium were able to be remarkably separated from other peaks in the spectra. A relative error of enrichment measured by the new portable HPGe was in the range of 9 to 27%. The enrichment measurement results didn't meet partially requirement of IAEA because of a small size of a radiation sensing material. This problem might be solved through a further study. This paper discusses how to determine enrichment of nuclear material as well as how to apply the new hand-held portable HPGe to safeguard inspection. There have been few papers to deal with IAEA inspection activity in Korea to verify accountancy of nuclear material in national nuclear facilities. This paper would contribute to analyzing results of safeguards inspection. Also, it is expected that things discussed about further improvement of a radiation detector would make contribution to development of a radiation detector in the related field.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.169-195
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• 2020

With the increase in air transportation, air delays are inevitable, and the damage of air consumers is also increasing. In Korea, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport announced 「the Criteria for Protection of Users of Air Transportation」, but the Criteria does not include aviation delays except Tarmac delay, but this criteria is a only public notice, not an Act. Lately, a clause about Tarmac delay was newly established as Article 61bis of the Aviation Business Act, and was enacted from May 27, 2020. The Air carriers' Tarmac delay are subject to mandatory regulations. This research showed how lawsuits were implemented for the protection of aviation consumers related to aviation delays prior to the imposition of this article. In addition, the study examined at the public law level, whether the protection rights of aviation consumers is the fundamental right under the Constitution and whether the government should be the main subjects of consumer protection. And then we studied the effect of enforcement about the Tarmac Delay Rule of the United States. This rule acts as a federal regulation. Subsequently, the Biscone case presented that it was not easy for the US court to accept a lawsuit against the passengers for tarmac delay. There are limitations in remedying the damages of airline consumers due to delays either in Korea trial or the U.S. trial. Finally it needs strengthening the penalty to secure the effectiveness of the Tarmac delay clause regulations. In order to protect airline consumers, it was proposed that the protection of aviation consumer law should be established through the revision as the Enforcement Rules of the Airline Business Act.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.67-85
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to find out how to operate Technology Home Economics in the 2009 revised national curriculum and Home Economics teachers perception on the current states in the middle schools, focused on intensive course-taking, block-time, and total hours to take the course. Data were collected from the 118 Home Economics teachers nationwide through e-mail from May 25 to June 4, 2011, and analyzed with frequencies, percentage, means, t-test, cross-tabulations, and ANOVA. The results showed that Technology Home Economics was intensively taken in the most of all schools(91.5%) during 4 semesters by senior and freshmen or junior. Teachers were relatively less involved in the decision making process for intensive course-taking than did the school managers and dissatisfied with the fact of intensive course-taking. But a few school adopted block-time and most teachers did not think it was necessary. Over half of schools offered the same 16 hours of Technology Home Economics as in the previous 2007 revised curriculum, but nearly 2 out of 5 schools reduced the hours from 1 to 8 with an average of 2.8 hours. To keep the necessary hours to teach the full contents of Technology Home Economics should be protected. The follow-up research needs to be conducted to investigate the changes in the perception of Home Economics teachers.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.163-188
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• 2010

This study set out to develop and evaluate an educational program for the Clothing Life of Home Economics through the theme-based integrated approach develop integrated thinking abilities for solving everyday problems. For those purposes, it selected a couple of themes in the area of Clothing Life toward which the theme-based integrated approach could be develop and evaluate an educational program. The developed program was applied and assessed in total 28 hours of field lessons given to eighth graders attending B Middle School in Busan Metropolitan City. The analysis stage involved an exploration into programs related to an integrated approach to other subjects; the design stage identification of program types; and the development stage theme selection according to the selection criteria. The previous studies were analyzed along with the Technology and Home Economics textbooks to select a theme. two themes "Clothing Management" and "Fabrics(Materials)" were selected after discussing with the students on the Messenger and with a group of experts. Then content was organized and composed around the themes by discussing connections with other subjects. There were three evaluation; one by experts, another through preliminary lessons, and the other through field lessons. Following the research procedure, a theme-based integrated program was developed for the two selected themes. It contained total 49 and 32 learning materials for "Clothing Management" and "Fabrics(Materials)," respectively. Those learning materials were comprised of experiments and practices according to the nature of the themes. Each program consisted of the goals, learning content, content organization chart, learning activities, and evaluation; learning activities experiences, practice and experiment activities, self-directed activities and problem-solving processes; and evaluations self-evaluation, teacher evaluation, peer evaluation, portfolio, and experiment reports. The program was assessed three times. The first and second evaluation results found that the program was well compatible with the current needs, was properly organized to give lessons through integration with other subjects, and continuously maintained the students' interest. They, however, requested that there should be detailed explanations about each part of the program content. In the third evaluation done by the students during field lessons, 60% of them said that the program was fun and its content was easy to understand, that they realized a theme could be connected to several other subjects, and that the program could be applied to actual life. The educational program through the theme-based integrated approach is significant in that it is an educational program for the area of Clothing Life and tries an integrated approach. It helped the students not only gather knowledge in an integrated manner, but put it to practical uses to solve various problems they faced in actual life by creatively changing integrated knowledge. The study will be hopefully used by many teachers so that the students solve problems based on the ability of integrating various knowledges organically.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.193-203
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• 2013

The social welfare service is expanding to different field as the social welfare budget is increasing. By this opportunity, it needs to make clear of the basis of argument that the necessity of development of korean government's support and aid by social policy should be worked. Welfare economics perspective, this study used by the operating expenditure in welfare facilities for the elderly old people to effect social benefits to be gained, in other words, business value analysis. Local elderly people, provide opportunities to participate in the economic activities of the family welfare services offered to attainment of the elderly welfare policy, and provide disease prevention and health promotion opportunities, to enhance the satisfaction of life, including a wide range of impact will cause. In this study, elderly people use the welfare facilities for the elderly when they get the benefits by applying the AHP analysis techniques operating value was calculated. Elderly Welfare Center operated by the result of applying P senior welfare center Case of the metropolitan area value was estimated 248.4 billion won. Contribute to the effects caused by the cost factor of the analysis was 23.1% of the total 57.3 billion won. Independence elements 57.6 billion (23.2%), the analysis of the therapeutic elements 133.4 billion (53.7%) of the net was. The result of the study anticipates the role of basic research material for the necessity of intervention, support, and aid by the Welfare facilities for the elderly field at this point in time where the welfare budget policy in terms of universal social service is reinforced, rather than the trend, until recently, of realizing the Elderly welfare budget and service as Consumption expenditure and consumable benefits and the function of performing the effect and evaluation in tentative action of social conflict.

• Archives of design research
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.335-350
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• 2004

Design takes concrete form from the things which are not yet exist to the molded reality. Creation of value which is accompanied by the rational value could be possible only through the searching examination of the basic concept. All designs are under circumstances because the results and the character of the problems are different under the given conditions and circumstances which are the characteristic of the design. The aim of this study is searching for the differential design conce- pt which is the most appropriate and reasonable in the basic design process in which the phase of the analysis, synthesis and evaluation of the problem. First of all the pursuit value of the times and the change of the view point of value of the product design. How the pursuit value of times were searched and analyzed. Analyze the successful product design realization of the typical trend of the modern design which are 3-2. function-focused design, 3-3. emotion-centered design, 3-4. image communicative design through the metaphor, 3-5. environmental affinity design. On the base of the case analysis how to apply the differential design concept which is coming as a trend in the future society which are sustainable developing society was examined closely. The outcome through the analysis of the success cases are as follows, \circled1 the value of the spirit of the times should be emphasized as the design image, \circled2 environmental appropriateness should be taken into consideration as the first primary factor, \circled3 the realization of value of the fulfillment of differential consumer's needs, \circled4 lead to prolong the life cycle of the product, \circled5 promote the sustaining growth of enterprise, \circled6 user-centered product value should be the first consideration. \circled7 It is necessary to overcome the cultural andinguistic barriers and to reflect the metaphor which people remember well. \circled8 The application of human's true character should be decided beforehand. It is the commonness of values of times and customs. \circled9 The differentiated design concept which meets our mental satisfaction, not material one, will be required. In addition to this the creative and differentiated design concepts which are accompanied by the good design factor under the base of product could achieve the emotional consensus from the consumers. That is, the value of all designs should be estimated by the base of the humanism ' The human beings are the barometer of all things".ngs".uot;.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.525-537
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate science integrated process skill of the students in science education center for the gifted. In order to do this, 'free-response test for the assessment of science process skills' developed by Yu-Hyang Kim(2013) was administered to 102 students(15 in elementary school science class, 58 in middle school science class I, and 29 in middle school science class II) who attend the program of science education center for the gifted in C university. The assessment tool measured 9 skills ; formulating inquiry questions, recognizing variables, formulating hypotheses, designing experiment, transforming data, interpreting data, drawing conclusions, formulating generalizations, and evaluating the designed experiments. As a result, the students in science education center for the gifted had relatively high scores in the area of 'formulating hypotheses' and 'recognizing variables', but they had relatively low scores in the area of 'transforming data', 'interpreting data', and 'evaluating the designed experiments'. The 2 items' percentage of correct answers were below 40% ; one is about a drawing a line graph in 'transforming data', and the other requires finding improvements of the experimental design in 'evaluation'. There was no significant difference between boys' scores and girls's one, and between the scores of students in the field of biology and those of students in the other fields(physics, chemistry, and earth science) in science integrated process skills. And there was significant difference according to the periods receiving the gifted education in 'formulating generalizations'. The teaching and learning has to focus on improving science integrated process skills in the program of science education center for the gifted and teaching and learning materials needs to be developed.