• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘텐츠학회 2003년도 춘계종합학술대회논문집
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• pp.160-164
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• 2003

현재 우리나라의 방송환경은 지난 수십년간 지속되어온 아날로그 방송시스템에서 디지털 방송시스템으로 변모해 가는 과도기를 맞고 있다. 이러한 방송환경의 변화와 더불어 디지털 방송 인프라에 담길 각종 디지털 방송 콘텐츠 산업과 고부가가치의 디지털 방송 콘텐츠에 대한 불법 복제 방지 기술에 대한 관심이 고조되고 있다. 디지털방송 환경으로 전환됨에 따라 복제방지에 대한 관심이 민감하게 대두되는 데에는 이유가 있다. 첫 번4, 아날로그 방송환경에서는 전송시의 오류를 수신기에서 완벽하게 제거할 수 없으나 디지털방송 환경의 경우 오류정정 기능에 의해 원본과 동일한 콘텐츠를 수신기에서 복원할 수 있다. 두 번째로는 아날로그의 경우 복제를 반복할수록 복사본의 품질이 원본에 비해 저하되어 가지만, 디지털 의 경우 원본과 동일한 품질을 유지하면서 복사의 횟수와 상관없이 무수히 많은 복사가 가능하다는 점이다. 그리고 세 번째 요소로서 아날로그와 달리 디지털 콘텐츠의 경우 인터넷의 발달과 더불어 온라인으로 누구에게나 손쉽게 전달이 가능하다는 점이다. 이러한 배경 하에서, 본 논문에서는 Triple DES 알고리즘을 이용하여 디지털 콘텐츠 불법 복제 및 배포를 방지하기 위한 디지털 콘텐츠 보호 시스템을 설계 및 구현하고자 한다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.290-297
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• 2011

The phenology of Campylaephora hypnaeoides J. Agardh and optimal conditions for carpospore release, growth and reproduction were examined in the field and in the laboratory from January to December 2007. In the field population of C. hypnaeoides, approximately 50% of the plants were vegetative during the study period. Additionally, the percentages of carposporophytes and tetrasporophytes were maximal in April (37%) and June (57%), respectively. Maximum growth in plant length, dry weight, and hook number coincided with the tetrasporophyte reproductive peak in the field. In culture, carpospore release, sporeling growth and reproduction were affected by environmental factors such as daylength, temperature, and salinity. The liberation of carpospores was maximum under continuous light and at a combination of $15^{\circ}C$ and $10\;{\mu}mol$ photons $m^{-2}\;s^{-1}$. Maximum growth of tetrasporophyte sporelings occurred at a combination of $20\;{\mu}mol$ photons $m^{-2}\;s^{-1}$ of constant light and $25^{\circ}C$. However, the growth of gametophyte sporelings was maximal under $40\;{\mu}mol$ photons $m^{-2}\;s^{-1}$ of constant light and in a combination of $20^{\circ}C$ and 35 psu. The tetrasporophyte sporelings were grew faster than gametophytes, indicating that gametophyte- and tetrasporophyte-sporelings have different physiological responses to irradiance and temperature. Tetrasporangial branches and cystocarps of C. hypnaeoides were produced from carpospores and tetraspores within 1 month, and they were stimulated at high temperature and irradiance levels. In conclusion, C. hypnaeoides should be seeded using carpospores during early winter (November-December) because cystocarps are easily identified by fishermen, and tetrasporophytes grow faster than gametophytes.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.150-157
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• 2011

칼납자루를 중심으로 납자루아과 고유종 각시붕어, 한강납줄개, 묵답자루의 재생산을 위한 기초 연구를 하였다. 난의 형태와 부화 자어는 종별로 독특하였으며 암컷의 크기와 1회 산란량의 상관관계는 뚜렷하게 나타나지 않았다. 칼납자루 $13.0^{\circ}C$에서도 산란이 가능하였으나 수정란의 부화율은 43.5%로 낮았으며, 수온 $21.0^{\circ}C$에서 79시간 만에 부화하였고 다른 비교 종들과 같이 수온이 높을수록 부화에 이르는 시간은 단축되었다. 칼납자루는 부화 후 자어 시기를 거쳐 300일 만에 52.4 mm로 성장하여 재생산에 참여할 어미가 되기에 충분하였다. 납자루아과 어류의 재생산 연구는 고유 담수어 보존 연구의 기초자료로 활용될 것이다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.75-87
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• 2023

The pine wood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is a well-known devastating pathogen of economic importance in the Republic of Korea and other countries. In the Republic of Korea, trunk injection of nematicides is the preferred method of control. In this study, the efficacy of 16 locally produced formulations of emamectin benzoate against the PWN are compared through determining their sublethal toxicities and reproduction inhibition potentials. Nematodes were treated with varying concentrations of the tested chemicals in multi-well culture plates, and rates of paralysis and mortality were determined after 24 h. Reproduction inhibition potential was tested by inoculating pre-treated nematodes onto Botrytis cinerea, and in pine twig cuttings. Despite the uniformity in the concentration of the active ingredient, efficacy was contrastingly different among formulations. The formulations evidently conformed to three distinct groups based on similarities in sublethal activity (group 1: LC₉₅ of 0.00768-0.01443 mg/ ml; group 2: LC₉₅ of 0.03202-0.07236 mg/ml, and group 3: LC₉₅ of as high as 0.30643-0.40811 mg/ml). Nematode paralysis generally occurred at the application dose of 0.0134-0.1075 ㎍/ml, and there were significant differences in nematode paralysis rates among the products. Nematode reproduction was only evident at lower doses both on B. cinerea and pine twigs, albeit the variations among formulations. Group 1 formulations significantly reduced nematode reproduction even at a lower dose of 0.001075 ㎍/ml. The variations in efficacy might be attributed to differences in inert ingredients. Therefore, there is need to analyze the potential antagonistic effects of the large number of additives used in formulations.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.223-229
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• 1987

This study was carried out to investigate effects of superovulation and time of embryo recovery on ovarian response, recovery rate and developmental stage of embryo in donor and effects of methods of synchronization, number of corpus luteum (CL), stage of embryo and time of embryo transfer on ovarian response, conception rate and number of newborn in recipients which were transferred on 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 days after synchronization. The results obtained are as follows; 1. The ovulation point of superovulated donor on 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 days after copulation was 23.3, 35.3 and 23.3, respectively. The number of embryos recovered from the donors on 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 days after copulation was 23.3, 25.8 and 19.8, respectively. The ovulation point and number of embryos recovered on 3.5 days were greater than those of 2.5 and 4.5 days. Among 232 embryos recovered on 3.5 days after copulation, 84 were blastocyst and 62 were hatching blastocyst. 2. The number of CL in recipients on 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 days after synchronization was 3.2, 2.9 and 3.8 and showed no difference among the days. 3. When the number of CL was 0, 2-3, 4-6 and more than 7 the pregnancy raet of recipients was 0, 37.5, 66.7 and 75%, respectively. The pregnancy rate of recipients increased as the number of CL increased. 4. The pregnancy rate of transferred morula, blastocyst and hatching blastocyst was 32.0, 37.2 and 24.7%, respectively. The blastocyst nhowed highest pregnancy rate. 5. When the recipients were synchronized by HCG, the number of CL, unruptured follicle, hemorrhage, pregnancy rate and number of young were 5.5, 6.4, 3.3, 72.7% and 3.3, whereas that of GnRH were 2.3, 4.4, 2.8, 25.0% and 1.2, respectively. Recipients synchronized by HCG showed better results than GnRH. 6. When the embryos were collected on 2.5 days after copulation and transferred to the synchromized recipients, the pregnancy rate and the number of young born was 62.58% and 3.1, respectively. Those of 3.5 and 4.5 days after copulation was 57.1% and 1.3, and 37.5% and 1.6. The 2.5 days showed higher pregnancy rate and number of young born than 3.5 and 4.5 days.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.215-235
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• 2017

Foraging is a biological process, where a bacterium moves to search for nutriments, and avoids harmful substances. This paper proposes a hybrid approach integrating the bacterial foraging optimization algorithm (BFOA) in a radial basis function neural network, applied to image classification, in order to improve the classification rate and the objective function value. At the beginning, the proposed approach is presented and described. Then its performance is studied with an accent on the variation of the number of bacteria in the population, the number of reproduction steps, the number of elimination-dispersal steps and the number of chemotactic steps of bacteria. By using various values of BFOA parameters, and after different tests, it is found that the proposed hybrid approach is very robust and efficient for several-image classification.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.668-677
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• 2004

This study examines the effects and influences of fumigation on the antimicrobial treatment of excavated dresses in two different museum settings using chemical composite of Methyl Bromide and Ethylene Oxide. The microbial test indicated that the prewashed samples contained Micrococcus, Bacillus, Staphylococcus, and some unidentified fungi and that the total number of microbes decreased after washing. While it was observed that most germs were removed immediately after fumigation, Bacillus was still found and its number even increased. After 5 months, the number of microbes found in Museum A was smaller than Museum B, which shows that Museum A equipped with better environment control facility was superior to Museum. B in terms of exhibition and preservation of dresses against organic damages. In addition, the result indicates that fumigation is an effective measure against the growth and reproduction of microorganisms, considering that the number of microorganisms decreased after fumigation. The color of test sample showed immediate change after fumigation but color difference became stabilized and decreased with the passage of time. The test samples from both museums showed similar patterns.

• 농촌계획
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.81-87
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• 2009

It may be said that a farmer's crisis deepens from the number of farm households and a trend of the number of cultivated land of the farmer attracting attention for the most fundamental numerical value of the Census of Agriculture 2005. A rate of decline of number of farm households seems to have been stopped, but expansion lasts a number of farm households rate of decline. I can, so to speak, watch weakening of flatland area and luck of mountainous areas and a situation to say if I look in that according to classification agricultural area. I can nominate the effect of a direct payment system for farmers in hilly and mountainous areas enforced in 2000 for the background. It is located in case of the policy introduced preceding it while the rural community and the community including the urban area being paid attention as the last resort of a regional reproduction now. In particular, the character as the village activation subsidy has been strengthened in case of the 2nd stage institutional revise.

• 생태와환경
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.378-384
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• 2019

전 세계적으로 붉은귀거북(Trachemys scripta elegans)은 새로운 지역으로 유입되어 토착 생태계를 교란하는 대표적인 외래생물이다. 국내에는 1970년대부터 방생과 애완의 목적으로 수입되었으며, 현재 남한 전역에 걸쳐 발견되고 있다. 또한 자연적인 번식과 확산이 지속적으로 관찰되고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구에는 제주도 지역에서 발견되는 붉은귀거북을 대상으로 자연적인 번식에 영향을 미치는 환경적인 요소를 파악하고자 하였다. 먼저, 2012년부터 2017년까지 제주도 내 붉은귀거북의 분포를 조사하였다. 붉은귀거북의 번식이 확인되는 지역과 그렇지 않는 지역을 대상으로 주변의 토지 피복과 서식지 기후의 차이를 비교하였다. 연구 결과, 붉은귀거북은 선행 연구에서 기록한 15개 지역에서 증가한 38개 지점에서 발견되었다. 그 중 번식 확인된 지역은 21개, 단순히 서식만 확인된 지역은 17개 지역이었다. 붉은귀거북의 전체 그리고 성체만의 개체수는 번식지가 유의미하게 많았다(P<0.001). 붉은귀거북의 번식이 이루어지는 서식지 주변의 토지 피복의 경우, 밭의 비율이 뚜렷하게 높았지만(P<0.001), 비번식지에서는 뚜렷한 차이가 나타나지 않았다(P>0.05). 한편, 붉은귀거북의 번식지와 비번식지 간의 기후적인 차이는 뚜렷하게 나타나지 않았으며(P>0.05), 어떠한 기후 요소도 붉은귀거북의 번식과 관련되지 않았다(P>0.05). 본 연구의 결과를 통해 제주도 내에서는 붉은귀거북의 번식에는 서식지 주변의 토지 피복 즉 번식 가능한 환경의 존재가 중요하다는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 붉은귀거북이 발견되는 서식지의 주변 환경을 우선적으로 파악하는 것은 번식과 확산을 제어를 위한 효과적인 방법이 될 것이다.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.187-193
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• 2012

내분비계 장애 추정물질로 알려진 alachlor의 어류 생체내 호르몬에 미치는 영향을 검색하고자 송사리를 이용한 급성독성, 수중 분해성 및 단기번식독성시험을 수행하였다. 시험결과 96시간 $LC_{50}$은 2.37(1.994~2.805) mg/L 이었으며, 수중 분해성이 15일에 초기 처리농도에 비해 20% 정도 분해되었으므로 단기번식독성시험의 시험용수 교체는 매 7일로 하였다. 송사리를 이용한 21일 단기번식시험의 노출농도는 용매대조군, alachlor(0.02, 0.04, 0.11, 0.27, 0.68ppm)처리군, 양성 대조군($17{\beta}$ estradiol, 0.01, 0.1, 0.5ppb)을 두어 수행한 결과 산란 수는 대조군에 비해 최고투여 농도에서 47.9% 감소하였고, 유정란 율은 47.8% 감소하였다. 기형율도 부분적으로 농도 의존성 경향이 관찰되었다. 또한 내분비계 장애성 중 에스트로겐 영향을 검색할 목적으로 어체내 vitellogenin 농도 변화를 조사한 결과 유의성이 나타나지 않았으므로 alachlor는 vitellogenin성 에스트로겐은 아닌 것으로 판단되었다.