• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.133-141
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• 2003

Purpose : Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy(IMN) is a rare renal disease in children. To help better understanding of its clinical course and treatment strategies, we reviewed the clinical manifestations and pathological findings of children with IMN. Methods : Among 58 cases with MN, from 1977 to 2003, 42(72.4%) were hepatitis B virus (HBV) associated and 16(27.6%), 6 males and 10 females, were idiopathic. All cases diagnosed aster 2000 were IMN. Several clinicopathological findings(sex, onset age, proteinuria, serum albumin, cholesterol, creatinine clearance, tubulointerstitial changes, glomerular sclerosis, hypertension, renal vein thrombosis, the use of ACE inhibitor, and immunosuppressive therapy) were compared between the remission and the non-remission group of the patients with IMN. Results : The median onset age was 13.4 years. Clinical manifestations were nephrotic syn-drome(7 cases, 43.8%), gross hematuria(5 cases, 31.3%) and microscopic hematuria with proteinuria(3 cases, 18.8%). Hypertension, hypocalcemic tetany and renal vein thrombosis were accompanied in 2, 1 and 2 cases, respectively. In addition to the typical findings of MN, the kidney biopsies showed segmental sclerosis(5 cases, 31.3%) or global sclerosis(6 cases, 37.5 %), diffuse crescents(1 case), and mild(11 cases, 68.7%) or moderate tubulointerstitial changes(3 cases, 18.8%). Thirteen cases(86.7%) received oral steroid. Among them 2 cases received cyclophophamide and 1 received cyclosporin as well. Ten cases(62.5%) received ACE inhibitors. In the patients followed up, 7 cases(46.7%) became free from proteinuria (remission group) while 8(53.3%) presented continous proteinuria (non-remission group), two (13.3%) of which progressed to renal failure. Clinicopathological findings showed no significant differences between the two groups. Conclusion : With HBV vaccination, HBV associated MN decreased markedly and IMN has taken up most of MN in children. For better understanding of this rare disease, a prospective multicenter study of the clinical course and treatment strategies should be done.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.136-146
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• 2001

Purpose : One of the most difficult problems in the care of children with nephrotic syndrome remains the occurrence of relapses, despite initial response to steroids. Constantinescu reported that rapidity of initial response to steroid therapy could predict fewer relapses in the first year. So we evaluated the changes in serum lipid abnormalities in children with corticosensitive nephrotic syndrome before steroid treatment and the correlation between serum lipid levels and renal function, days to remission. Methods . We analyzed the Medical records of children who were managed by us between October 1994 and August 2000. In 33 patients with corticosensitive nephrotic syndrome, we evaluated the correlation between serum lipid levels and renal function [Creatinine clearance(Ccr)] and proteinuria before steroid treatment, and days to remission defined as the third day when the patient's urine becomes protein free. Results : There were 21 males and 12 females. Median age at presentation was 6.4 years (range: 1.8-17.3 years). Median days to remission were 15.4 days (range 4-42 days) on Prednisolone $60mg/m^2$ daily. The increased levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol, Lipoprotein(a) were observed. But the level of HDL cholesterol was not increased. Serum albumin was decreased a]id proteinuria was increased before steroid treatment. But Ccr was not decreased. There were negative correlation between serum albumin and total cholesterol (r = -0.5157, P<0.005), LDL cholesterol (r = -0.5543, P<0.005), total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol (r = -0.4506, P<0.01), lipoprotein(a) (r = -0.4570, P<0.025), apolipoprotein B (r = -0.5297, P<0.025), apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein Al (r = -0.5851, P<0.01), apolipoprotein B/HDL cholesterol (r = -0.4961, P<0.05) before steroid treatment. There was no correlation between proteinuria and serum lipid profiles. Also Ccr and serum lipid profiles were not correlated. There was positive correlation between days to remission and HDL cholesterol (r = +0.4511, P<0.05), apolipoprotein B (r = +0.5190, P<0.05), apolipoprotein B/HDL cholesterol (r = +0.7169, P<0.005). Conclusions : This results reveal that HDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein B and apolipoprotein B/HDL cholesterol can be used as a predictive factor in corticosensitive nephrotic syndrome. We could not determine the significant level of these lipids for insufficient patients number, but these level may predict future relapses of corticosensitive nephrotic syndrome patients and thus may allow to better management and treatment protocols. More data and long term follow up studies should be needed. (J Korean Soc Pediatr Nephrol 2001;5 : 136-46)

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.36 no.7
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• pp.531-534
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• 2003

A 43-year-old woman who had had an invasive mole 5 years previously required emergent pulmonary embolectomy under cardiopulmonary bypass. Curative resection was impossible because the tumor invaded the right main pulmonary artery and left lower pulmonary artery. The pathologic diagnosis made by the tumor emboli specimens was choriocarcinoma. The patient received post-operative chemotherapy over a 6-month period and had complete remission. Although rare, choriocarcinoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of fertile women presented with pulmonary embolism.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.180-184
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• 2011

Letrozole is a drug used in the treatment of postmenopausal women with breast and ovarian tumours. There is no evidence in the literature indicating its use in treating gastric cancer. We present a 68 year old lady admitted from the emergency department with weight loss, malaise and anaemia. Investigations confirmed the presence of two different primary tumours in the left breast and the stomach. Following that this patient with oestrogen receptor positive breast cancer and oestrogen receptor negative gastric cancer was treated with letrozole for her breast cancer followed by a gastric resection. Independent histology by two pathologists pre-operatively diagnosed gastric adenocarcinoma. Post-operatively, independent analysis of the resected stomach, omentum and lymph nodes revealed no evidence of gastric cancer. Therefore we conclude that there is a possibility of letrozole having an effect on gastric cancer. Further studies are needed.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.137-140
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• 2015

A 2-year-old female lop-eared rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) was presented to the veterinary clinic at a zoo with pruritus, alopecia, and crusting of the ear. Examination of skin scrapes revealed an infestation with the rabbit ear mite, Psoroptes cuniculi. Weekly subcutaneous ivermectin injection over a three-week period resulted in remission of the clinical signs and improvement of the overall conditions of the rabbit.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.261-264
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• 2015

External beam radiotherapy can be used to treat cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). Acute skin toxicity is the most common adverse event. In this case study we report on an elderly patient with nasal root cutaneous SCC treated with stereotactic technique using a dedicated linear accelerator (CyberKnife system). Grade 3 skin toxicity was observed but it was resolved after 6 weeks. The use of stereotactic radiotherapy permitted a clinical remission of SCC with good cosmetic results.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.165-175
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• 2008

Psoriasis, which is characterized by the covering of silver-white scaliness and various Sizes of redness with clear boundary, is an intractable skin disease that repeats aggravation and remission. The objective of the present clinical report is to demonstrate that oriental medical treatment after differentiation of syndromes is effective in treating psoriasis, an intractable skin disease. For this purpose, we identified the pattern of three psoriasis patients based on blood heat and viscous blood, and applied acupuncture and herbal medicine to them. The effect of treatment was evaluated using PASI (psoriasis area and severity index). In all of the three cases, the results of treatment were satisfactory. Thus, oriental medical treatment after differentiation of syndromes, which is highly effective without side effect, is considered to make a great contribution to the treatment of psoriasis in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.321-333
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• 2007

In the proportional hazard model with the beta process prior, the posterior computation with the discrete approximation is considered. The time period of interest is partitioned by small intervals. On each partitioning interval, the likelihood is approximated by that of a binomial experiment and the beta process prior is by a beta distribution. Consequently, the posterior is approximated by that of many independent binomial model with beta priors. The analysis of the leukemia remission data is given as an example. It is illustrated that the length of the partitioning interval affects the posterior and one needs to be careful in choosing it.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.87-90
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• 2014

The present report describes the case of a patient who underwent maxillary sinusitis right after dental implant installation with sinus lifting. Computed tomography scan revealed a dental implant (#16) was protruded inside the right maxillary sinus and confirmed the obstruction of ostium. A symptom remission was gained with the dual approaches combined by functional endoscopic sinus surgery and an intra-oral approach. Fully recovered function and healing of sinus were identified after 10 months follow-up. We report the case of sinusitis caused by protrusion of implants with sinus floor lift procedures and propose that practitioners should be aware of the possible its complications and management.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.65-70
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• 2013

Azathioprine is the most common drug used to maintain clinical remission in inflammatory bowel disease. This drug is also important as a steroid-sparing agent in steroid-dependent and chronically active inflammatory bowel disease. Nevertheless, many questions remain concerning the optimal treatment regimens of azathioprine. The dose of azathioprine has to be reduced or the therapy has to be discontinued frequently because of drug-induced toxicity. In this review, we discuss monitoring of thiopurines, adverse events, malignant complications and how to use azathioprine safely and usefully.