• Journal of Child Welfare and Development
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.109-135
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to analyze the longitudinal causal relationship between caregiver relations and peer relations of children in out-of-home care. We analyzed the three years(2011-2013) of longitudinal data from the Panel Study on Korean Children in Out-of-Home Care. The autoregressive cross-lagged model (ARCL) was used to measure the longitudinal causal relationship between caregiver relations and peer relations. As a result, first, caregiver relations and peer relations showed stability over time. In other words, the results of the measurement at three time points showed that the caregiver relations and peer relations at the previous time had a significant effect on the caregiver relations and peer relations at the later time point. Second, the previous caregiver relations had a significant effect on the subsequent peer relations over time. Third, the previous peer relations had a significant effect on the subsequent caregiver relations over time. This study confirmed the interrelationships of caregiver relations and peer relations of children in care by examining the longitudinal data using the longitudinal analysis method.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.65-94
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• 2016

In 1812, Gauss obtained fifteen contiguous functions relations. Later on, 1847, Henie gave their q-analogue. Recently, good progress has been done in finding more contiguous functions relations by employing results due to Gauss. In 1999, Cho et al. have obtained 24 new and interesting contiguous functions relations with the help of Gauss's 15 contiguous relations. In fact, such type of 72 relations exists and therefore the rest 48 contiguous functions relations have very recently been obtained by Rakha et al.. Thus, the paper is in continuation of the paper [16] published in Computer & Mathematics with Applications 61 (2011), 620.629. In this paper, first we obtained 15 q-contiguous functions relations due to Henie by following a different method and then with the help of these 15 q-contiguous functions relations, we obtain 72 new and interesting q-contiguous functions relations. These q-contiguous functions relations have wide applications.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.541-548
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• 2015

In this paper, concepts of quasi-normal and dually quasi-normal relations are introduced. Characterizations of these relations are obtained. In addition, particulary we show that the anti-order relation ${\nleqslant}$ ($={\leqslant}^C$) is a (dually) quasi-normal relation if and only if the partially ordered set (X, ${\leqslant}$) is an anti-chain.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.109-121
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• 1985

This is a study to grasp the correlation between high school students' social persenality and residential environment. THe samples were 197 boys and 200 girls who were attending the high schools located in Pusan. Social personality which contains family relations and social relations was measured by the standardized test of K.T.C. The path-analysis was used to make the causal relations of the collected data clear. RESULTS : 1. Feeling on the residential environment underwent the most potent influence by the floor space per person and social personality by feeling on the residential environment. 2. For the boy-students, the family relations andsocial relations was affected by the case of renthouse, the family relations by the case of noisy residence, and the social relations by the case of no-private room. 3. For the girl-students, the cases of higher stories and having private room made the family relations unharmonious, the cases of narrow floor space per person and the single house made the social relations troublesome, too.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.37 no.9
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• pp.103-127
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• 1999

The effects of environmental factors on adolescent’s socialization were examined according to the gender. Data were drawn from 1,412 adolescents. A hypothesized model was tested for male and female students separately by the links among housing, family conflicts, parent-adolescent relationship, family stress, peer relations, mass media, school atmosphere, consumption, consumer socialization, and adolescent’s socialization. There was no difference between male and female students in the predictability of the effects of environmental factors on internal and external socialization. For male students, the internal socialization was directly related to mass media, consumer socialization, peer relations, family stress, mother-adolescent relations, and school atmosphere. The external socialization was directly related to mass media, school atmosphere, consumer socialization, father-adolescent relations, housing, and mother-adolescent relations. For female students, the internal socialization was directly related to mass media, peer relations, father-adolescent relations, and consumer socialization. The external socialization was directly related to mass media, followed by consumer socialization, mother-adolescent relations, school atmosphere, housing, and peer relations. The findings are consistent with a growing body of literature showing that the environmental factors are related to male & female adolescent’s socialization.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.1-24
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• 2023

This paper empirically examines the relationship between inter-Korean trade and inter-Korean relations over the past three decades. It asks two questions: (1) Does inter-Korean trade contribute to improved inter-Korean relations and peace on the Korean Peninsula? (2) Does improved inter-Korean relations lead to increased inter-Korean trade? The study employs a time-series causal relationship analysis methodology to answer these questions. The findings show that during the progressive government's reign, inter-Korean trade was not impacted by inter-Korean relations. This is due to the implementation of a political-economic separation policy towards North Korea. Moreover, the increase in general trade and processing on commission did enhance inter-Korean relations, reflecting the "inclusive policy" aimed at achieving peace on the Korean Peninsula through inter-Korean trade. In contrast, during the conservative government's reign, inter-Korean relations had a direct impact on inter-Korean trade, with deteriorating relations leading to a significant decrease in trade. This was due to the implementation of North Korea policies that were linked to politics and the economy.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.195-208
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• 2002

This study examines how marital dissatisfaction is connected with extramarital relations among married women. To explore this subject,1 am using in-depth interview techniques. The data from 16 married women who involved (and are involving) extramarital relations are collected in semistructured interviews. In this article, I describe four specific types of extramarital relations with particular relevance to marital dissatisfaction: (1) temporary extramarital relations caused by marital dissatisfaction, (2) positive extramarital relations as maintaining dissatisfied marriage, (3) unavoidable extramarital relations as breaking dissatisfied marriage, and (4) extramarital relations as a part of life with satisfied marriage. With these results, I believe that equity theory could be applicable in explaining the relationships between marital satisfaction and extramarital relations. There are limitations when the qualitative research is analyzed. One problem is measurement. It is difficult to measure equality (or equity), life dissatisfaction, and other concepts. furthermore, this study is not abbe to explain causal relationships among equality, life dissatisfaction, actual extramarital relations. The future study should perhaps be in quantitative research focused on the causal model in which all exchange variables are conceptualized and properly measured for the intimate relationship.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.155-168
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• 2021

The EU and the UK apply a treaty to establish new relations from 2021. Brexit is making a big difference in relations among the EU, the UK, and third countries. A new paradigm of international law has begun to be applied to relations among Korea, the EU, and the UK. The UK was excluded from the application of the Korea-EU FTA, and the Korea-UK FTA was applied to trade relations between Korea and the UK. The signing of these new treaties and the changes in the subject to which they apply are impacting the existing international legal system. The countries are showing some response, but it cannot be evaluated as a complete level, and there are still tasks to be solved. Therefore, the legal basis for EU-UK relations, Korea-EU relations, and Korea-UK relations should continue to be laid down in the future. The Korea-UK FTA cannot govern all the problems arising from trade and economic cooperation. Many interests that the UK did not reflect in the course of previous Korea-EU FTA negotiations will be revealed, so a new legal framework for Korea-UK bilateral relations will be established according to the negotiations between the two sides. There should be more detailed research and suggestion of alternatives in the field of law.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.19-35
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to examine the awareness and experience of extramarital relations across individual and familial variables of married men and women. Data for this study were 600 married men and women who were recruited the respondents through internet site. Results of this study were as follows; 1) Most of married men and women were regarded extramarital relations types(emotional connections, short-term relationship such as prostitution, sexual intercourse except a prostitution, one-night stands, physical connections, letter chatting with multimedia, video chatting with multimedia), By gender men had more permissiveness attitudes about extramarital relations type than women, 2) There were significant differences in the awareness and experience of extramarital relations types across variables(sex, age, education level, income, occupation, religion, marriage duration). 3) Married men reported that they experience(emotional connections, sexual intercourse, physical connections, letter chatting with multimedia, video chatting with multimedia, infidelity ideation, infidelity attempts) more extramarrital relations types than married women. There were significant differences in the experience extramarital relations types across variables.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.34
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• pp.63-97
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• 2006

This study examined the Japanese factors influencing on the formation and development of modern corporate Public Relations means and activities in Korea. It centers on the introduction and acceptance of CIP, corporate Public Relations advertising, house organ in dealing with corporate Public Relations Communication means and corporate philanthropy through corporate foundation, the Public Relations activities of the economic world in case of corporate Public Relations activities. It analyzed the Japanese factors by examining the emphasis of Public Relations activities and the practical use of communication means relating to corporate Public Relations, focusing on the specific character of corporate Public Relations activities. Centering on the area related to corporate Public Relations from the standpoint of historical development, it approached the point at issue selected as the subject of it through comparing the state of things between Korea and Japan. The results show that Japanese influences have been exerted widely on the formation and development of corporate Public Relations means and activities in Korea. However, it leaves no objection that Japan accepted Public Relations theories and practices of the United States, the birthplace and suzerain state of Public Relations, in the beginning and developmental stages. Therefore, U.S. influences cannot be denied in terms of Public Relations in Korea although it was accepted and developed after introduced from Japan.