• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.95-102
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• 2002

Spatial interpolation has become a common procedure in converting temperature forecasts and observations at irregular points for use in regional scale ecosystem modeling and the model based decision support systems for resource management. Neglection of terrain effects in most spatial interpolations for short term temperatures may cause erroneous results in mountainous regions, where the observation network hardly covers full features of the complicated terrain. A spatial interpolation model for daytime hourly temperature was formulated based on error analysis of unsampled site with respect to the site topography. The model has a solar irradiance correction scheme in addition to the common backbone of the lapse rate - corrected inverse distance weighting. The solar irradiance scheme calculates the direct, diffuse and reflected components of shortwave radiation over any surfaces based on the sun-slope geometry and compares the sum with that over a reference surface. The deviation from the reference radiation is used to calculate the temperature correction term by an empirical conversion formula between the solar energy and the air temperature on any sloped surfaces at an hourly time scale, which can be prepared seasonally for each land cover type. When this model was applied to a 14 km by 22 km mountainous region at a 10 m horizontal resolution, the estimated hourly temperature surfaces showed a better agreement with the observed distribution than those by a conventional method.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.74-81
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• 2002

Ihis landscape design was proposed for the Remodeling for the National Theater of Korea Competition. Today, the National Theater of Korea, located in Jangchoongfong, Joong-gu, Seoul, asks plans for renovation. The landscape design for the remodeling of the theater is conducted as part of comprehensive programs for its renovation. The Government sought design proposals through a design competition in April, 2002. The authors proposed a landscape design for remodeling the National Theater of Korea and won first place in the competition. The landscape design covers the following a survey of the present status, a site analysis, a schematic design, and design, development. In the authors'design, heavens, humans, earth and nature are symbolically expressed within the site. The outdoor spaces of the National Theater of Korea are organically composed of the following low spaces : 1) a field of creation; 2) a field of recreation; 3) a field of meeting; and 4) a field of contemplation. The field of creation consists of a main entrance, spaces for public performance and plays, spaces with symbolic water features, and resting areas. The field of recreation is composed of various exhibition spaces. The field of meeting consists of traditional Korean-style gardens and an outdoor cafeteria. The field of contemplation features lawns, grasses and trees, and provides an area for pedestrian strolling. The outdoor spaces of the National Theater of Korea would produce an atmosphere suited to a cultural and artistic place. In the spaces, people would perceive a unique sense of place through various types of fountains, pergolas, columns, walls, light poles and bollards. An example of the true meaning of a cultural space and a resting place is provided in these spaces. The renovated National Theater of Korea would be a new type of theater with regional context, cultural meaning, spatial identity, various amenities with symbolic images, function and beauty.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.683-695
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• 2004

It is generally found that geography majors' progression in society has a very limited scope in Korea and this is one of the causes of lessening geographers' job market. As an attempt to draw a solution to this problem, this paper, by a close examination of the French case, tries to discuss the possibility of geographers' participation in the public sector. Geographers' participation in political and social issues has long history. They acted as providers of geographical knowledge on human and physical features of the world and also as counsellors for effective administration and politics. French geographers evaluate that it is the characteristics of geography that enable geographers to progress into the public sector. They also perceive that such fields as regional development, environment, economy, tourism, international politics are possible ones for geographers. Some implications can be drawn from this case study to extend geographers' participation in the pubic sector in Korea; it is required to sustain open mind to every field of social sciences, to improve specialized as well as generalized knowledge on geographical features, and to provide practical knowledge on spatial analysis and management.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.464-472
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• 2012

To assess the space-time clustering of FMD(Foot-and-Mouth Disease) epidemic occurred in Korea between November 2010 to April 2011, geographical information system (GIS)-based spatial analysis technique was used. Farm address and geographic data obtained from a commercial portal site were integrated into GIS software, which we used to map out the color-shading geographic features of the outbreaks through a process called thematic mapping, and to produce a visual representation of the relationship between epidemic course and time throughout the country. FMD cases reported in northern area of Gyounggi province were clustered in space and time within small geographic areas due to the environmental characteristics which livestock population density is high enough to ease transmit FMD virus to the neighboring farm, whereas FMD cases were clustered in space but not in time for southern and eastern area of Gyounggi province. When analyzing the data for 7-day interval, the mean radius of the spatial-time clustering was 25km with minimum 5.4km and maximum 74km. In addition, the radius of clustering was relatively small in the early stage of FMD epidemic, but the size was geographically expanded over the epidemic course. Prior to implementing control measures during the outbreak period, assessment of geographic units potentially affected and identification of risky areas which are subsequently be targeted for specific intervention measures is recommended.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.307-315
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• 2009

The purpose of map generalization is a method of map making to transmit the concise cartographic representation and geographic meaning. New generalization algorithm has been developed to be applied in the digital environments by the development of computer cartography. This study aims to look into possibilities of the multiscale mapping by generalization in application with the coordinate transformation and LoD(level of detail) in the web cartography. A method of the coordinate transformation is to improve a transmission of spatial data. Lod is a method which is making web map with selection spatial data by zoom level of users. Layers for test constructed contour line, stream network, the name of a place, a summit of mountain, and administrative office. The generalization was applied to zoom levels by scale for the linear and polygonal features using XML-Based scalable vector graphics(SVG). Resultantly, storage capacity of data was minimized 41% from 9.76mb to 4.08mb in SVG. Generalization of LoD was applied to map elements by stages of the zoom level. In the first stages of zoom level, the main name of places and administrative office, higher order of stream channels, main summit of mountain was represented, and become increase numbers of map elements in the higher levels. Results of this study can help to improve esthetic map and data minimization in web cartography, and also need to make an efforts to research an algorithm on the map generalization over the web.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.57-65
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• 2009

Selection of good mineralized area is a combination of the integration of all the available geo-scientific (i.e., geological, geochemical, and geophysical) information, extrapolation of likely features from known mineralized terrenes and the ability to be predictive. The time-space relationships of the hydrothermal deposits in the East Asia are closely related to the changing plate motions. Also, two distinctive hydrothermal systems during Mesozoic occurred in Korea: the Jurassic/Early Cretaceous deep-level ones during the Daebo orogeny and the Late Cretaceous/Tertiary shallow geothermal ones during the Bulguksa event. Both the Mesozoic geothermal system and the mineralization document a close spatial and temporal relationship with syn- to post-tectonic magmatism. The Jurassic mineral deposits were formed at the relatively high temperature and deep-crustal level from the mineralizing fluids characterized by the relatively homogeneous and similar ranges of ${\delta}^{18}O$ values, suggesting that ore-forming fluids were principally derived from spatially associated Jurassic granitoid and related pegmatite. Most of the Jurassic auriferous deposits (ca. 165-145 Ma) show fluid characteristics typical of an orogenic-type gold deposits, and were probably generated in a compressional to transpressional regime caused by an orthogonal to oblique convergence of the Izanagi Plate into the East Asian continental margin. On the other hand, Late Cretaceous ferroalloy, base-metal and precious-metal deposits in the Taebaeksan, Okcheon and Gyeongsang basins occurred as vein, replacement, breccia-pipe, porphyry-style and skarn deposits. Diverse mineralization styles represent a spatial and temporal distinction between the proximal environment of sub-volcanic activity and the distal to transitional condition derived from volcanic environments. However, Cu (-Au) or Fe-Mo-W deposits are proximal to a magmatic source, whereas polymetallic or precious-metal deposits are more distal to transitional. Strike-slip faults and caldera-related fractures together with sub-volcanic activity are associated with major faults reactivated by a northward (oblique) to northwestward (orthogonal) convergence, and have played an important role in the formation of the Cretaceous Au-Ag lode deposits (ca. 110-45 Ma) under a continental arc setting. The temporal and spatial distinctions between the two typical Mesozoic deposit styles in Korea reflect a different thermal episodes (i.e., late orogenic and post-orogenic) and ore-forming fluids related to different depths of emplacement of magma (i.e., plutonic and sub-volcanic) due to regional changes in tectonic settings.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.589-612
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• 2014

This study includes determination of liquefaction potential in Erzincan city center. Erzincan Province is situated within first-degree earthquake zone on earthquake map of Turkey. In this context, the earthquake scenarios were produced using the empirical expressions. Liquefaction potential for different earthquake magnitudes (6.0, 6.5, 7.0) were determined. Liquefaction potential was investigated using Standard Penetration Test (SPT). Liquefaction potential analyses are determined in two steps: geotechnical investigations and calculations. In the first steps, boreholes were drilled to obtain disturbed and undisturbed soil samples and SPT values were obtained. Laboratory tests were made to identify geotechnical properties of soil samples. In the second step, liquefaction potential analyses were examined using two methods, namely Seed and Idriss (1971), Iwasaki et al. (1981). The liquefaction potential broadly classified into three categories, namely non-liquefiable, marginally liquefiable and liquefiable regions. Additionally, the liquefaction potential index classified into four categories, namely non-liquefiable, low, high and very high liquefiable regions. In order to liquefaction analysis complete within a short time, MATLAB program were prepared. Following the analyses, liquefaction potential index is investigated by Iwasaki et al. (1982) methods. At the final stage of this study, liquefaction potential maps and liquefaction potential index maps of the all study area by using IDW (inverse distance weighted) interpolation method in Geostatistical Analyst Module of ArcGIS 10.0 Software were prepared for different earthquake magnitudes and different depths. The results of soil liquefaction potential were evaluated in ArcGIS to map the distributions of drillings with liquefaction potential. The maps showed that there is a spatial variability in the results obtained which made it difficult to clearly separate between regional areas of high or low potential to liquefy. However, this study indicates that the presence of ground water and sandy-silty soils increases the liquefaction potential with the seismic features of the region.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.21-31
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• 2013

This study focuses on the regional characteristics observed in the composition and floor plan of folk houses in the Young-cheon region situated in the Southern East inland of Gyungsangbukdo. According to the typical characteristics of the Korean folk house, Young-cheon region is supposed to be classified as the Young-Nam region. Our study shows that the open inverse 'ㄱ' type composition is the most common among others, which consists the living room, UtChae and one BoosokChae that serves as a living room and a farm shop. The typical floor plan is called 'Young Nam type' 'H$\hat{o}$tjib' composed of four rooms. Young Nam type of house has a wall in front of the room floor with a door to make the space with the room floor as the internal space. This can be explained by the climatic conditions in the Southern region of Gyungsangbukdo, which has a very cold winter and has a harsh spring wind in Young-cheon. The structural feature to which we should pay attention is the Young Nam type house has a gambrel roof. The evolutions of the house in the 70s are observed in the roof during the Saemaeul Movement from a hut to a modernized roof. In the 80s, the replacement of the heating system, expansion of rooms, modernization of kitchen, replacement of paper windows, modernization of roof, and construction of amenities had taken place to change the space, construction and structure following the modern house features.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.712-721
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• 2016

This study analyzes important urban characteristics according to location of large-scaled professional sports facilities based on a binary logistic regression model and t-test. For the empirical analysis, this study uses 24 urban characteristics within social, economic, cultural, traffic, and spatial categories in 228 cities. The results show that economic condition can be the main decision factor for the differential feature of the location as well as social and traffic conditions. Concretely, more the number of young adults and middle-aged people who have considerable purchasing power, and available land are more the beneficial to the presence of the sports facilities. Recently local governments focus on location of the facilities due to their impacts on regional economics as well as residents' quality of life. In this point of vies, this study gives good understanding why it is a great option for location of the facilities.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.576-598
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• 2016

This paper is to reconsider some characteristics of philosophical discussion on alienation, especially focusing on Lefebvre's concept of alienation, and then to conceptualize a number of features of alienation in both industrial and postindustrial capitalist cities. The construction and development of modern city in industrial capitalism has brought about alienation from nature and from land(i.e. means of production), and in these contexts, has generated alienated labour of urban labourers, which has been deepened through development of modern technologies and divisions of labour. The transformation from industrial to postindustrial society can be seen not as alleviating but as further intensifying and expanding process of alienation. Urban alienation in postindustrial society has been spatially and temporally extended through processes of glocalization and of financialization with the development of credit system. It also has been widened to fields of consumption and leisure and to spheres of non-material production, and has get more deeply involved in capital circulation through built environment and landscape(or spectacles) of cities. Finally this paper is to re-examine briefly theoretical discussions on dealienation in order to conceptualize the just city for dealienation of labour and of urban space, in particular considering the concept of 'the right to the city' as practical strategy of urban dealienation, and to suggest further three kinds of justice for the just city, that is, justice for distribution, for production and for recognition.