• 한국지역지리학회지
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.101-120
• /
• 1999

본 연구는 농업의 산업화 과정에서 국가의 농업정책이 지역적 전문화(specialization)에 어떠한 영향을 미쳤는가를 영국을 사례로 하여 분석한 논문이다. 1950년대 이후 영국은 영농규모의 집중화(concentration), 보장 가격의 설시, 조건불리지역 사업을 통해 농업의 산업화를 촉진하는 정책을 실시하였으며 이로 인해 농업의 지역적인 전문화가 발생하였다. 작물의 전문화는 밀과 보리 및 종유(oilseed)를 중심으로 나타났다. 밀의 경우 EU 가입이후 상대적으로 부족하면서 공동농업정정책(Common Agricultural Policy)에서 높은 보장가격을 지지받음에 따라 동부 잉글랜드 지방의 토양이 비옥한 지역을 중심으로 전문화가 이루어졌다. 보리의 경우 사료작물로 재배되면서 가축사육지원정책의 영향을 받아 가축사육의 전문화가 이루어진 지역에서 집중 재배되었다. 종유의 지역적 전문화는 식품가공업이 발달과 함께 품종 개발, 가공 및 저장기술의 발달로 남부지역에서 북부지역으로 확산되었다. 가축 사육은 작물 재배보다 전문화가 뚜렷하였다. 특히 1970년대부터 실시된 조건불리지역 사업은 영농조건이 불리한 영국 서부 구릉지 지역에 전문화를 유발시키면서 환경보전론자들의 비판을 받기도 하였다. 또한 1980년대 중반이후 우유생산량을 줄이기 위한 쿼터제도에서 농민들간에 쿼터량을 거래할 수 있게 함으로서, 동부지역의 농민이 서부지역에 이를 양도함으로서 전문화는 더욱 촉진되었다. 이와 같은 연구 결과는 농업정책이 현시적으로 혹은 암묵적으로 공간적인 측면을 지니게 되어 농업의 지역적 분화를 유발함을 의미한다.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.132-138
• /
• 2009

목적: 말기 암환자 돌봄의 질을 향상시키기 위해서는 호스피스 완화의료 전문인력을 위한 적절한 교육이 필수적인 요소이다. 보건복지가족부 내 말기 암환자 TF 위원회에서는 2005년에 호스피스 완화의료 전문인력에게 필요한 기본조건으로서 60시간 이상의 호스피스 완화의료 교육을 받도록 제시한 바 있다. 이에 국내 호스피스 완화의료 전문인력의 교육현황을 알아보고, 교육실태에 있어서 지역적인 변이가 있는지를 밝히고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법: 2008년 보건복지가족부가 실시한 말기 암환자 전문기관 활성화 지원사업에 지원한 호스피스기관 중 46개 기관의 전문인력 673명의 교육현황 자료를 분석하였다. 결과: 총 673명 중에서 60시간 이상의 호스피스 완화 의료 교육을 이수한 경우는 279명(41.5%)이었다. 간호사 378명 중 60시간 이상 교육을 이수한 경우는 177명(46.8%)이었으며, 의사는 106명 중 38명(35.8%), 사회복지사는 75명중 24명(32.0%), 성직자는 114명중 40명(35.1%)이었다. 60시간 이상의 교육을 이수한 경우는 경상도 지역이 다른 지역에 비하여 상대적으로 적었다. 또한 중소도시에 소재한 기관의 전문인력은 대도시에 소재한 기관의 전문인력보다 60시간 이상 교육을 이수한 비율이 낮았다. 기관 종류에 따라서는 병원에 근무하는 호스피스 완화의료 전문인력이 60시간 이상의 교육을 이수한 경우가 상대적으로 적었다. 결론: 본 연구의 결과 60시간 이상 호스피스 완화의료 교육을 이수한 전문인력은 전체의 41.5%였으며, 지역적으로 변이가 있는 것을 알 수 있었다. 앞으로 호스피스 완화의료 전문인력을 위한 교육을 활성화하고 지역적인 불균형을 해결하기 위한 제도적 대안이 요구된다. Train-the-trainer 모델을 기반으로 호스피스 완화의료 전문인력을 위하여 개발한 60시간의 교육 프로그램을 운영하는 것이 바람직한 대안이 될 수 있을 것이라고 생각한다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.253-260
• /
• 2017

도시재생을 위해서는 올바른 재생정책의 방향과 비전이 마련되어야 한다. 따라서 지방중소도시의 재생정책은 획일적인 물리적 재개발정책이나 예산지원에서 벗어나 지역주민들의 집단 효능감을 높일 수 있어야 한다. 연구의 첫 번째 목적은 지방중소도시의 구도심 주민들을 대상으로 과거와 비교한 현재의 쇠퇴정도를 물리적 부문뿐만 아니라 경제 사회 환경 인구 교육 복지 문화 등의 종합적인 부문에 대해 분석하여 각 부문별 쇠퇴양상과 정도의 차이를 밝히는 것이다. 또한, 두 번째 목적은 구도심 주민들의 쇠퇴지각이 지역주민의 집단 효능감과 재생사업에 대한 태도에 미치는 인과 관계와 그 영향정도를 규명 하는 것이다. 연구대상은 경기북부 D시 설문에 참여한 시민으로 응답한 설문지 309장을 분석하였다. 통계분석을 위해 SPSS 22.0과 AMOS 22.0을 활용하였고, 유의수준 .05를 기준으로 통계적 유의성 여부를 판단하였다. 본 연구의 결과적 의의는 지방중소도시의 재생정책 마련에 필요한 연구 자료가 되며, 시사점으로는 쇠퇴현상에 대한 정량적요인 뿐만 아니라 정성적 요인에 대한 다양한 현상을 종합하여 도시쇠퇴수준 및 특성을 꾸준히 연구하고 지역불균형을 해소하는 개발정책에 대안을 제시 할 수 있을 것이다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.455-460
• /
• 2014

Background: The purpose of the present study was to determine geographic clustering of breast cancer incidence in Kanagawa Prefecture, using cancer registry data. The study also aimed at examining the association between socio-economic factors and any identified cluster. Materials and Methods: Incidence data were collected for women who were first diagnosed with breast cancer during the period from January to December 2006 in Kanagawa. The data consisted of 2,326 incidence cases extracted from the total of 34,323 Kanagawa Cancer Registration data issued in 2011. To adjust for differences in age distribution, the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of breast cancer were calculated for each of 56 municipalities (e.g., city, special ward, town, and village) in Kanagawa by an indirect method using Kanagawa female population data. Spatial scan statistics were used to detect any area of elevated risk as a cluster for breast cancer deaths and/or incidences. The Student t-test was performed to examine differences in socio-economic variables, viz, persons per household, total fertility rate, age at first marriage for women, and marriage rate, between cluster and other regions. Results: There was a statistically significant cluster of breast cancer incidence (p=0.001) composed of 11 municipalities in southeastern area of Kanagawa Prefecture, whose SIR was 35 percent higher than that of the remainder of Kanagawa Prefecture. In this cluster, average value of age at first-marriage for women was significantly higher than in the rest of Kanagawa (p=0.017). No statistically significant clusters of breast cancer deaths were detected (p=0.53). Conclusions: There was a statistically significant cluster of high breast cancer incidence in southeastern area of Kanagawa Prefecture. It was suggested that the cluster region was related to the tendency to marry later. This study methodology will be helpful in the analysis of geographical disparities in cancer deaths and incidence.

• 한국경제지리학회지
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.94-110
• /
• 2008

본 연구는 우리나라 광역대도시 노동시장에서 2000년 이후 실업과 노동시장 수요구조변화의 역동성 그리고 그것이 갖는 사회적 배제에 대한 함의를 고찰하였다. 사회적 배제에 커다란 함의를 가진 실업에 대한 연구는 경제적 변동에 따른 기술 및 소득분극화와 함께 그에 관련된 사회적 배제의 문제를 고려함에 있어 주요한 영역이다. 즉, 기술 분극화에 따라 경제활동으로부터 배제된 사람들은 실업으로 나아가게 되며, 결국 경제적 빈곤과 사회적 배제로 귀결하기 때문이다. 우리나라 대도시의 실업률의 지역구조는 2000년 이후 실업률과 지역차가 감소하다가 2005년 이후 실업의 지역차는 증가하고 있는 것이 특징이다. 광역대도시 노동시장의 구조변동은 도시의 규모, 제조업 및 서비스업의 상대적 비중 등에 의해 영향을 받으며, 취업자의 증가는 생산량과 생산성 모두에 의해 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 아울러 취업자의 증가와 경제의 서비스화는 대도시 실업수준과 관련되어 있다. 그러나 보다 중요한 점은 이러한 관계가 광역대도시별로 상당히 차별적이라는 점이고 그러한 차별성은 개별 광역대도시 노동시장의 산업구조, 취업구조 및 수요구조의 변동에 의해 규정된다.

• 유통과학연구
• /
• 제14권6호
• /
• pp.89-98
• /
• 2016

Purpose - This article tackles risk communication issues and aims to address the characteristics of MERS risk information distribution in South Korea, and secondly to examine the communicative behavior of the public health authority in terms of the quality of communication strategies. Thirdly, the study attempts to figure out the risk communication to cope with MERS through the applications of SMCRE model in chronological order. We employ the social amplification of risk framework for analyzing the emergent public response as one of the main approaches. Research Design, Data and Methodology - The main framework of this study is theoretically based on the social amplification of risk, which describes signals about risk transmitted and processed by individuals and social groups. The model also reflects the interactions between social groups and institutes about disaster-related risk issues, which are potential amplifiers or attenuators of communication signals. S-M-C-R-E Model is methodologically employed to examine the social amplification for MERS risk information in each period, which we defined operationally. The proposed methodology allows the assessment of effectiveness and ineffectiveness on risk communication to be conceptualized as a countermeasure against disasters. The paper focuses on exploring how social risk amplification can be applied and organized in each stage. Results - The SMCRE model describes the exchange of risk information and is also applied to all forms of communication between stakeholders including public health authority, local government and media. Each factor of risk communication includes source, message, channel, receiver and effect. The results support that the effective risk communication involves not only the improved reliability of public health authority as a key factor of risk communication, but also a close cooperation and good collaboration with local governments. It does not seem to be possible that the government-initiated risk communication based on controllability and management cope effectively with infectious disease in early stage. The results of this study imply that the shared risks between local, regional and national authorities can enhance risk communication system. Conclusions - The study supports that the disparities in how disaster-related risk information is interpreted and coded, have made effective risk communication and public sense-making impeded. Our findings support a more communicative discussion about the role of risk information sharing between governments for the improvement of emergency management and underline the importance of social elements in the risk communication, such as relationship and trust building. Findings suggest that trust building between stakeholders could be added to help explain the processes of social amplification and attenuation of risk. It would be recommended that the continuous risk communication with all the involved stakeholders will be able to help national health promotion policy to be improved regarding emergency management. Furthermore, risk communication has to be a scientific approach for the communication pertaining to potentially sensitive or controversial situations with public concerns and low public trust.

• 보건행정학회지
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.195-196
• /
• 2018

The Korean Academy of Health Policy and Management (KAHPM) has shown remarkable achievements in the field of health policy and management in Korea for the last 30 years. The KAHPM consists of experts in various fields of health policy and management, and has been the leading academic discussion forum for health policy agendas of interest to the public. Health Policy and Management (HPM), the official journal of the KAHPM, published the first issue of volume 1 in October, 1991 and is publishing the second issue of volume 28 as of 2018. Currently, it is one of Korea' main journals in the field of health policy and management. HPM has published a special issue in commemoration of the 30th anniversary of the KAHPM. The HPM invited authors, including former presidents of the KAHPM and current board members, to write about main issues in health policy and management. Although the HPM tried to set up an invited author on all subjects in the health policy and management field, 19 papers are published, that completed the peer review process by August, 2018. The authors of the special issue of the 30th anniversary of the KAHPM include six former presidents, a senior professor, and 12 board members. The subjects of this issue are reform of the healthcare delivery system, health insurance and medical policy, reform of health system governance, the role of National Health Insurance Service (NHIS), the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs (KIHASA) and the National Evidence-based healthcare Collaborating Agency (NECA), ethical aspects of health policy change, regional disparities of healthcare, healthcare accreditation, new healthcare technology evaluation system, globalization of the healthcare industry, the epidemiological investigator system, the quarantine system, safety and disaster, and official development assistance. There are some remaining topics to deal with for the KAHPM: aged society, anti-smoking, non-infectious disease, suicide, healthcare resources, emergency medical care, out-of-pocket money, medical fee payment system, medical aid system, long-term care insurance, industrial accident compensation insurance, community-centered health welfare system, and central government and local government of health. The HPM will continue to publish review articles on the main topics in health policy and management. This is because the KAHPM, which has been the leading academic society of Korea's health policy and management for the last 30 years, feels responsible for continuing its mission for the next 30 years.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.89-211
• /
• 1993

The Korean government embarked upon ambitious economic development plans in the 1960's the goals of development policy at that time were the elimination of absolute poverty and the alleviation of unemployment. With scant natural resources, the government had to push for industrialization based upon borrowed foreign raw materials with surplus local labor. Preoccupation with the economic goals of industrialization and export expansion left little room for considering environmental protection. It is evident that Korea's exported industrialization strategy of the past three decades has been a success in terms of income, production, and other macroeconomic indicators, but it cannot be denied that a host of undesirable side-effects have been created. These include environmental problems. congestion in several large cities, poor wealth distribution, and regional disparities. The environmental problems were recognized even in the early stage of development, but preoccupation with the pending economic goals of industrialization and export expansion left little room for considering environment protection. The perceived and actual seriousness of the problems, however, has reached such a level that further negligence may imperil political stability and developmental problems facing the world arise from a world economic order characterized by ever expanding consumption and production, which exhausts and contaminates natural resources and creates and perpetuates gross inequalities between and within nations. It will be necessary to develop new culture and ethical values, transform economic structures, and reorient, our lifestyles. Changing lifestyles can not be promoted by government policy initiative alone but through self=generated educational efforts and mutual training by people themselves. The citizens group for environment (NGOs) should assume these educational and training responsibilities starting from grass-root level of people. It must be reawakened to the reality that the environmental preservation for better quality of life is based on the development of human relationships, creativity, spirituality, reverance for the natural world and celebration of life, and is not dependent upon increased consumption of non-basic material goods. To carry on such environment education social movements and NGOs should (1) provides educational methodologies, which focus on values clarification and moving beyond clarification and moving beyond blame to constructive action. (2) provide training for leaders of business and industry, government, union and others on consumption and production. (3) initiate and support the training and work of environmental counselor who encourage responsible consumption. (4) cooperative with media to initiate and strengthen educational programs on the social environmental programs on the social environmental impacts of consumption and production and to build awareness of consumer responsibility and potential. Economic and social development can be compatible with environment protection : both can be achieved simultaneously. Effective environmental management depends on the various factors : political will, institutional arrangements, appropriate legislation, and availability of the requistite financial and technological resources, which is possible with a strong public awareness of the importance of environmental preservation.

• 지역사회간호학회지
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.368-381
• /
• 2021

Purpose: The obesity prevention and management program led by public health centers are important in the community. This study aims to identify the current status of obesity prevention and management programs at public health centers and perceptions regarding facilitators and barriers when implementing programs. Methods: This study used a concurrent mixed methods design. A survey was conducted to investigate the current status and infrastructure of the obesity prevention and management program at eighty-three public health centers nationwide. Nine program managers and six local residents with experience in the program were interviewed by using a semi-structured questionnaires. Results: Most of the infrastructure facilities for the program were inadequate, and insufficient budgets and lack of professional staff were identified as barriers. Facilitators included diversification of program delivery methods, operator competence, and visible outcomes and rewards. For the effectiveness of the program, it is vital to have adequate assistants, a sufficient budget, various promotional methods, and connections with various institutions in the community. On this basis, it is acknowledged that the public health center serves as a platform for preventing and managing obesity in the community. Conclusion: It is expected that infrastructure improvements in public health centers and the link with community resources are needed. In addition, there is an urgent need to set standards for obesity prevention and management programs implemented in public health centers to 'resolve regional disparities'.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
• /
• 제52권4호
• /
• pp.79-102
• /
• 2021

본 연구는 국가도서관통계시스템에서 제공하는 개방형데이터와 서울특별시 2020 서울서베이의 조사 결과를 기반으로 서울시민의 공공도서관 이용 현황 분석을 목적으로 삼았다. 이러한 목적을 위해 본 연구에서는 공공도서관의 예산, 도서관 운영인력, 소장 장서수, 연면적 등 도서관 운영의 중심 지표들을 중심으로 서울시 25개 자치구별 공공도서관의 서비스 제공 실태를 비교 분석하고, 이러한 공공도서관 운영의 기본지표들과 서울시민의 거주지별 학력별 가구월평균소득별 공공도서관의 이용 실적을 비교하여 상관관계를 파악하고자 하였다. 연구 결과 예산, 인력, 장서수와 같은 도서관 운영의 중심 투입지표와 서울시민의 거주지별 학력별 소득별 공공도서관의 대출자수와 대출권수, 상호대차서비스 건수라는 산출지표와의 유의미한 상관관계를 확인하였다. 이와 함께 서울시민의 공공도서관 이용행태와 독서경향을 파악하여 지역간의 격차를 극복하고 서비스 수준을 공평하게 하여 서울시 공공도서관의 균형적인 발전을 제안하고자 하였다.