• 영어영문학
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.191-215
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• 2011

This paper aims at investigating Dorothy Wordsworth's later conversation poetry, which has not been the focus of critical discussions on her literary works. While many critics have been emphasizing Dorothy Wordsworth's journals and the tendency of self-effacement in her prose, this paper argues that her later poetry often reveals acute self-consciousness about the circumstances that condition this self-annihilation and searches for a creative way to endorse her own identity. In "Lines Intended for My Niece's Album," she expresses anxiety and uncertainty about the inclusion of her poetic piece in Dora Wordsworth's album, which contains poems by prominent male writers of the contemporary period. "Irregular Verses" presents Dorothy Wordsworth's self-conscious narrative of her girlhood and shows how her own ambition to become a "Poet" has been stifled by external circumstances, including the ideology that instills the idea of proper womanhood into aspiring girls. While these poems examine contemporary gender discourse and the frustrated poethood resulting from it, other poems activate conversations with William Wordsworth's poems and thereby provide a revisionary re-writing of her brother's texts. For example, in "Lines Addressed to Joanna H." Dorothy Wordsworth becomes "a woman addressed who herself addresses others." Her scrupulous approach to her own addressee refuses to subordinate the other to the self's will, and through this revision of "Tintern Abbey," Dorothy Wordsworth vicariously liberates her own self confined in her brother's poems. "Thoughts on My Sick-Bed," which echoes "Tintern Abbey" through borrowed phrases and direct address to William Wordsworth, foregrounds her own poetic identity in the form of the first-person pronoun "I." Dorothy Wordsworth's continual illness during this period of her life paradoxically allows her the time for personal reflection formerly denied to her in her busy life constantly occupied by physical and spiritual labor for others. Instead of earning satisfaction from the subsumption of her creative energy under William Wordsworth's poetical endeavor, Dorothy Wordsworth finally starts to affirm her own poetic identity that can properly express her inner vision and artistic talent. Although this final affirmation remains largely incomplete due to her later mental collapse bordering on madness, it powerfully conveys the hidden literary aspiration of the formerly frustrated female poet.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.436-442
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• 2022

본 논문은 수중 주파수 선택적 채널에서 주파수 다이버시티의 채널 선택 판정법에 따른 선택 합성법 (selective combining)의 성능을 평가하였다. 천해 수중 음향 채널은 경계면 반사와 수온 층에 따른 음파 굴절 등의 다양한 환경요인이 결합하여 복잡한 다중경로의 특성을 가진다. 특히, 다중경로에 의한 주파수 선택성 (frequency selectivity)는 통신 채널의 에너지 변동을 발생시키고, 이로 인해 SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio)가 감소하여 통신성능이 저하된다. 본 논문에서는 다중경로의 주파수 선택성에 따른 통신성능 확보를 위해 다수의 채널을 이용하는 주파수 다이버시티 기법을 적용하였다. 각 채널은 4-FSK (Frequency Shift Keying)과 선택 합성법을 적용하였으며, 선택 합성법의 복조 채널 선택 판정을 위해 신호의 최댓값, 평균값 그리고 심벌 비교 판정 (majority decision)을 적용하여 성능을 평가하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권7호
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• pp.2592-2598
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• 2022

Research groups in the field of PET instrumentation are studying time-of-flight(TOF) technology to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of PET images. Scintillation light transport and collection plays an important role in improving the coincidence resolving time(CRT) of PET detector based on a pixelated crystal array. Four crystal arrays were designed by the different optical reflection configuration such as external reflectors and surface treatment on the CRT and compared with the light output, energy resolution and CRT. The design proposed in the study was composed of 8 × 8 LYSO crystal array consisted of 3 × 3 × 15 mm³ pixels. The entrance side was roughened while the other five surfaces were polished. Four sides of all crystal pixels were wrapped with ESR-film, and the entrance surface was covered by Teflon-tape. The design provided an excellent timing resolution of 210 ps and improved the CRT by 16% compared to the conventional method using a polishing treatment and ESR-film. This study provided a method for improving the light output and CRT of a pixelated scintillation crystal-based brain TOF PET detector. The proposed configuration might be an attractive detector design for TOF brain PET requiring fast timing performance with high cost-effectiveness.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.114-130
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analysis BTS's image based on Peirce's semiotics. Methodologies of this study are literature study to analyze the structure of idol image based on Peirce's theory of signs, case study and FGI analyzing the semiotic characteristics of BTS images. The research results of analyzing the semiotic features of BTS images by period of the BTS album are as follows. First, in the early days of their debut, they emphasized the image of hip-hop and expressed their will to resist and rebel against the older generation with a challenging and strong image. Second, during the 'The most beautiful day of life' period, image of wandering, rebellion, growth, and youth of teenagers was expressed. Third, in the 'Love Yourself' period, BTS showed various image changes between natural and pure image to splendid image by expressing the process of finding confidence during chaotic moment of growing. Fourth, during the 'Map of the Soul' period, the exploration and reflection on themselves were expressed in an outwardly splendid and bright manner, while at the same time expressing the inner darkness in a contrasting manner. Fifth, in the 'pandemic period', they expressed hopeful energy and willness with the image of mature and attractive man and bright and casual image. Their growth and change have been directly linked to the change of their image, and their image showed a successful signification with complementary combination of icons, indexes, and symbols.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.18-21
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• 2007

Highly textured MgO template by ion-beam-assisted deposition(IBAD) was successfully fabricated using a continuous reel-to-reel(R2R) mode. To enlarge the deposition area, the previous IBAD system was modified into the system with 14-pass and five heating zone. Every processing step was carried out using this multi-turn IBAD system. The overall process consists of R2R electropolishing of a hastelloy C276 tape, deposition of $Al_2O_3$ diffusion barrier, $Y_2O_3$ seed layer, IBAD-MgO and homoepi-MgO layer. The IBAD-MgO templates were fabricated using the IBAD system with 216 cm-length deposition zone and 32 cm diameter ion source. The texture of MgO films developed during the IBAD process was monitored by in-situ reflection high energy electron diffraction(RHEED) to optimize the IBAD process. Recently, 100 m long IBAD-MgO tape with in-plane texture of $\Delta{\phi}<10^{\circ}$ was successfully fabricated using the modified IBAD system. In this report, the detailed deposition condition of getting a long length IBAD-MgO template with a good epitaxy is described.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제7권s1호
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• pp.57-77
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• 1998

Heteroepitaxial $Y_2O_3$ films were grown on a Si(111) substrate by ionized cluster beam deposition(ICBD) in ultra high vacuum, and its qualities such as crystllitnity, film stress, and morphological characteristics were investigated using the various measurement methods. The crystallinity was investigated by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED). Interface crystallinity was also examined by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy(RBS) channeling, transmission electron microscopy(TEM). The stress of the films was measured by RBS channeling and XRD. Surface and interface morphological characteristics were investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and x-ray scattering method. Comparing the interface with the surface characteristics, we can conclude that many defects at the interface region were generated by interface reaction between the yttrium metal and SiO2 layer and by ion beam characteristic such as shallow implantation, so that they influenced the film qualities. The film quality was dominantly depended on the characteristic temperature range. In the temperature range from $500^{\circ}C$ to $600^{\circ}C$, the crystallinity was mainly improved and the surface roughness was drastically decreased. On the other hand, in the temperature range from $600^{\circ}C$ to $700^{\circ}C$, the compressive stress and film density were dominantly increased, and the island size was more decreased. Also the surface morphological shape was transformed from elliptical shape to triangular. The film stress existed dominantly at the interface region due to the defects generation.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제28권2B호
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• pp.249-259
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 투과성잠제의 비탈면경사가 주변 파동장에 미치는 영향을 검토하기 위해 투과성구조물에 의한 유체저항(관성저항, 층류저항 및 난류저항)을 고려할 수 있는, 즉 파-구조물-지반의 상호작용을 해석할 수 있는 수치모델에 LES 난류모델을 도입한 새로운 수치해석기법(LES-WASS-2D)을 제안하여 기존에 수행되었던 수리모형실험과의 비교를 통하여 검증하였다. 이러한 수치해석기법을 이용하여 투과성잠제의 비탈면경사의 변화에 대한 수치모의를 수행한 결과, 비탈면경사가 완만해질수록 반사율 및 투과율이 감소함과 동시에 에너지손실(Energy loss)이 커지는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 잠제의 비탈면경사의 변화에 따른 마루에서 쇄파점의 위치 및 잠제 배후에서의 순환류와 평균와도의 규모에 대해서도 논의하였다.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제19권spc호
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• pp.207-226
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• 1986

스카른형 동명회중석광상(東明灰重石鑛床)은 조선계(朝鮮系) 대석회암통(大石灰岩統)에 대비되는 삼태산층(三台山層)과 이를 관입한 쥬라기 화강섬록암(花崗閃綠岩)과의 접촉대에 발달한 접촉교대광상(接觸交代鑛床)이다. 광화작용(鑛化作用)은 스카른시기 열수시기, 후기열수시기의 3회에 걸쳐 진행되었으며, 접촉부로부터 규회석, 투휘석, 투회석-석류석, 석류석, 베스비아나이트 스카른대(帶)가 불규칙한 대상분포(帶狀分布)한다. 회중석(灰重石)은 규회석스카른을 제외한 모든 스카른대(帶)와 열수시기초기 석영맥(石英脈)에서 산출되며, 특히 자류철석(磁硫鐵石), 방연석(方鉛石), 베스비아나이트와 밀접하게 공생(共生)한다. 즉 자류철석(磁硫鐵石)이 침전되면서 유리되 나온 수소(水素)이온은 모암인 석회암(石灰岩)과 반응(反應), 분리된 Ca이온의 활성도(活性度)가 증가되며 회중석(灰重石)이 침전된 것으로 사료된다. 한편 동명광산산(東明鑛山産) 주(主) 및 부성분(副成分) 유화광물(硫化鑛物)을 대상으로한 물성(物性)실험 연구를 통하여, 광화시기(鑛化時期) 및 광물(鑛物)의 내부반사(內部反射)현상에 따른 반사도(反射度) 미경도(微硬度)의 상관성을 검토하고 광학적(光學的) 대칭성(對稱性)을 연구하여 황동석과 벡철석은 2축성(軸性)(-), 반동석은 2축성(軸性)(+)임을 밝혔으며 유비철석은 2축성(軸性)이나 대칭성(對稱性)을 결정할 수 없었다. 미경도(微硬度)실험에서는 경도(硬度)가 낮은 광물일수록 하중에 따른 미경도(微硬度)값의 변화경향이 적으며, 실험된 광물은 모두 특징적인 indentation을 보여 광물감정에 이용될 수 있을 것으로 고려된다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2016년도 제50회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.286-286
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• 2016

Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is a dielectric insulator with a two-dimensional (2D) layered structure. It is an appealing substrate dielectric for many applications due to its favorable properties, such as a wide band gap energy, chemical inertness and high thermal conductivity[1]. Furthermore, its remarkable mechanical strength renders few-layered hBN a flexible and transparent substrate, ideal for next-generation electronics and optoelectronics in applications. However, the difficulty of preparing high quality large-area hBN films has hindered their widespread use. Generally, large-area hBN layers prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) usually exhibit polycrystalline structures with a typical average grain size of several microns. It has been reported that grain boundaries or dislocations in hBN can degrade its electronic or mechanical properties. Accordingly, large-area single crystalline hBN layers are desired to fully realize the potential advantages of hBN in device applications. In this presentation, we report the growth and transfer of centimeter-sized, nearly single crystal hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) few-layer films using Ni(111) single crystal substrates. The hBN films were grown on Ni(111) substrates using atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD). The grown films were transferred to arbitrary substrates via an electrochemical delamination technique, and remaining Ni(111) substrates were repeatedly re-used. The crystallinity of the grown films from the atomic to centimeter scale was confirmed based on transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED). Careful study of the growth parameters was also carried out. Moreover, various characterizations confirmed that the grown films exhibited typical characteristics of hexagonal boron nitride layers over the entire area. Our results suggest that hBN can be widely used in various applications where large-area, high quality, and single crystalline 2D insulating layers are required.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2018

구조물의 강도 저하를 유발하는 균열의 조기 탐지 및 보수는 인적, 사회적 손실을 예방할 수 있는 중요한 부분이다. 이 논문에서는 균열 탐지를 위하여 적외선 열화상 기법 중 광-적외선 열화상 기술을 이용하여 콘크리트 시편의 균열 깊이에 따른 온도 특성을 분석하였다. 시멘트 반죽을 이용하여 0, 10, 20, 40, 80 mm의 인공 균열이 있는 시편을 제작하였으며, 인공 균열 부분은 깊이를 제외한 모든 부분을 같게 생성하였다. 실험은 시편의 온도 특성을 파악하기 위하여 열원을 통해 시편을 가열한 후 균열부의 최저 온도를 비교하였다. 시편의 균열 여부에 따라 시편 표면 온도 분포가 입사 에너지의 단일, 다중 반사 때문에 다르게 변화한다는 것을 확인하였으며, 시편의 온도 분포가 정상상태에 다다를수록 균열 깊이에 따른 온도가 감소하는 경향이 뚜렷해지는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 정규화된 온도 데이터를 통하여 이 실험에 사용된 시편은 10분 후 정상 상태에 근접하였으며, 10분 이후의 온도 데이터를 선형 회기 분석한 선형 방정식 기울기의 표준편차는 0.0005, y 절편 표준편차는 0.0038이다. 이때 정규화된 온도데이터의 표준편차는 0.01 이하로 매우 정합하며 균열 깊이에 따라 온도가 선형적으로 감소하고 있다. 이러한 결과는 균열부의 다중 반사가 발생하는 면적과 밀접한 관계가 있는 것으로 판단되며, 다양한 시편을 통해 균열부 면적과 입사 에너지의 상관관계를 분석한다면 무작위성이 높은 빛의 난반사 거동 모사에도 적용할 수 있을 것이다.