• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.212-218
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• 1995

A human hepatoma cell line, hep G2, was used to investigate the mechanism of serum cholesterol reduction by ginseng total saponin, ginsenoside-$Rb_1$, - $Rb_2$, and non-saponin fraction (ether extraction). Hep G2 cells were incubated in 10 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml of cholesterol containing serum free-RPMl1640 medium with various concentration of ginseng components. The amounts of cholesterol in Hep G2 cells were decreased to maximum 51% in total saponin or two ginsenoside-treated groups while there was 137% increase in cholesterol level of control group as compared with that of normal group. Nonsaponin groups did not show the same effect. In order to elucidate the observed changes in the amount of cholesterol, the activity of amyl CoA : cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) in groups showing remarkable reduction in cholesterol amount, i.e., total saponin 10-6%, ginsenoside-$Rb_1$ $10^{-4}$%, ginsenoside-$Rb_2$, $10^{-4}$%, and non-saponin fraction $10^{-4}$%, was assayed using [1-$^{-14}C$%]oleic acid as enzyme substrate. The activity of ACAT was increased in all groups tested as compared with that of control group except for non-saponin group cultured in water soluble cholesterol containing medium. The serum cholesterol lowering effects of ginseng components can partially be attributed to the increased hepatocellular ACAT activity.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.339-346
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• 2020

Although aronia (Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott) contains higher levels of polyphenols and more antioxidant activity than other berries, it is a berry that is difficult to eat raw due to its strong astringent taste and lack of sweetness. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effect of tannin reduction of aronia by bioconversion method using mushroom mycelia cultures. Aronia and liquid cultures of Lentinula edodes and Phellinus linteus mycelia were mixed and then treated for 48 hours at 60℃. Tannin content, total polyphenol, total flavonoid and antioxidant activities (DPPH, ABTS radical-scavenging activities and FRAP activities) were investigated. The tannin content decreased from 64.2 mg ECE/g to 57.9 mg ECE/g (9.8% reduction) when treated with liquid culture of L. edodes and from 77.3 mg ECE/g to 47.9 mg ECE/g (38.1% reduction) from treatment with a liquid culture of P. linteus. Therefore treatment with mushroom mycelia culture solution may improve the palatability of aronia reducing the astringent taste.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.208-216
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• 1988

폴리에칠렌 피복하(被覆下) 호려과(葫藘科)(박과) 5작물(作物)에 대하여 적용(適用)이 가능(可能)한 제초제(除草劑)를 선발(選拔)하기 위하여 밭포장(圃場)(식양토(埴壤土))에서 직파(直播) 또는 이식재배시(移植栽培時) 6종(種)의 제초제(除草劑)를 공시(供試)하여 포장시험(圃場試驗)을 실시(實施)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 직파재배(直播栽培) (1) Ethalfluralin은 박, 호박, 수박, 오이, 참외에 대하여 초기약해(初期藥害)가 거의 없었으며, 최종생체중(最終生體重)에 있어서도 박, 호박은 1.080 g ai/ha까지, 수박과 오이, 참외는 720g ai/ha까지 유의차(有意差)가 없었다. (2) Napropamide는 1,500~3,000 g ai/ha까지 박과(科) 5종(種)에 대하여 초기약해(初期藥害)가 거의 없었고, 최종생체중(最終生體重)에 있어서 박, 호박, 오이는 3,000 g ai/ha까지, 참외, 수박은 1,500 g ai/ha까지 유의차(有意差)가 없었다. (3) Trifluralin은 890 g ai/ha, nitralin은 1,500 g ai/ ha에서 박에 한해서 초기약해(初期藥害)도 없었고 최종생체중(最終生體重)에 있어서도 유의차가 없었다. 2. 이식재배(移植栽培) 박을 태목(台木)으로 하고 수박과 참외의 접수(接穗)를 접목(接木)한 묘(苗)를 이식재배시(移植栽培時) 처리(處理)한 제초제(除草劑)중 수박, 참외에 대하여 약해(藥害)가 없고 생육량(生育量)에 있어서 유의차가 없는 제초제(除草劑)는 ethalfluralin(540~1,080 g 단, 수박은 720g ai/ha), napropamide(l,500~3,000 g ai/ha) 및 trifluralin(890 g ai/ha) 및 nitralin(1,500 g ai/ha)이었다. 3. 종합적(綜合的)인 제초효과(除草效果)는 ethalfluralin(720 g ai/ha 이상)과 pendimethalin(1,268 g ai/ha)이 90% 이상(以上)으로 가장 높았고 그 이외(以外)의 약제(藥劑)들은 81~85% 범위의 제초율(除草率)을 나타냈다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.29-35
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• 1986

This study was carried out to examine the effect of aluminium sulfate addition to the alkali-acid catalyst phenolic resin for the manufacture of the kapur (Dryobalanops spp.) plywood on the reduction of phenolic resin spreading. On the manufacture of plywood, Adhesive Contents such as 50g/$m^2$, 75g/$m^2$ and 150g/$m^2$ were treated. The spreading adhesive content of 50g/$m^2$ and 75g/$m^2$ had been controlled to about 150g/$m^2$ added with the water in order to get sufficient spreading and controlled to pH 4.5 with aluminium sulfate [$Al_2(SO_4)_3$]. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Specific gravities of air dried plywood manufactured from each adhesive ranged from 0.77 to 0.86 and their moisture contents met the KS requirements. 2. In dry and wet shear strengths, 150 $P_{Al{\cdot}Ac}$ adhesive showed the highest and 75 $P_{Al{\cdot}Ac{\cdot}Am}$ adhesive indicated higher value than 150 $P_{Al{\cdot}Ac}$ adhesive. 3. In case of glue shear strength after boiling test, 150 $P_{Al{\cdot}Ac}$ adhesive was the best and adding of aluminium sulfate was not effective on reinforcement of boiling water resistance of phenolic resin, but met KS requirements. 4. 75 $P_{Al{\cdot}Ac{\cdot}Am}$ adhesive showed the good shear strength and met KS requirements. Therefore, adding of aluminium sulfate was very efficient for economical plywood manufacture.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.118-122
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• 2006

This experiment was carried out on plastic pots ($40cm{\times}25cm{\times}30cm$) filled with sand soil at greenhouse using two soybean cultivars with small seed; one was Pungsannamulkong (PSNK) recognized as a tolerant cultivar against excessive water stress and the other one was Sobaeknamulkong (SBNK) recognized as a susceptible cultivar. Seed was sown with 30 plants of 2 hills, and the amount of applied fertilizer was N; 3.0 g, P; 3.0 g, and K; 3.4 g per $m^2$ with all basal fertilizations. Plants were grown under photoperiod of natural light with day temperature of $31{\pm}5^{\circ}C$ and night temperature of $22{\pm}1^{\circ}C$. The flooding treatment was done for 3, 5, 7 and 10 days by filling pots with tap water up to 1 cm above the level of the soil surface when plants were 2 days after emerging. Nitrogen uptake by leaves of soybeans decreased significantly by the flooding after 6 days. This significant reduction of N uptake by flooding was evidently recognized from the chlorosis of leaves. The dry matter of flooded soybean seedlings significantly decreased compared to non-flooded soybean seedlings at 10 days. The dry matter of roots also showed similar result of the shoot. Shoots had more N reduction than roots under the flooding. This N reduction was more pronounce in SBNK than in PSNK. Chlorophyll content of flooded soybeans showed decreasing or non-increasing tendency, and the reduction of chlorophyll content was more in SBNK than in PSNK from the flooding stress. Nitrate content of soybean seedlings with flooding stress showed decreasing tendency in shoot and root parts. Ammonium content, however, was higher in flooding stress compared to the non-flooding. Flooding caused a remarkable change in the AA (amino acid) composition and TAA (total amino acid) concentration in the leaves of soybean seedlings.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.63-70
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• 1973

수도에 대하여 본질적으로 근부흡수선택성 또는 안전성이 있다고 생각되는 몇 가지 약제들에 대하여 MO 모내기 후 처리를 대조로 SiCL 토양조건에서 시용약량, 혼화심도, 처리시기를 달리하여 모내기 전 토양혼화처리 (Ronstar, Saturn, TOK, Saturn-S)와 모내기 전 토양표면처리(Machete, PCP, MON-0385)를 실시하였던 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 제초효과 1차 조사결과(모내기 27일후 조사) 처리구 모두 $90-99.7\%$의 우수한 제초효과를 나타냈다. 2차 조사시(모내기 73일후)까지 $90\%$ 이상의 제초효과를 유지한 plot는 Ronstar 전 처리구 및 Saturn-S 3-4kg prod./10a 구였다. 다소 제초효과가 저조한 구는 MON-0385 175g ai/10a구와 TOK 280g ai/10a 혼화구였다. 2. 초기약해 및 생육관계 PCP 1,000g ai/10a의 모내기 전 토양표면처리구가 눈에 뛸 정도로 약해를 내었으나 처리 50여일 후 까지는 회복이 되었다. Saturn-S 4kg prod./10a구에서 초기 국부적으로 미해가 있었으나 곧 회복이 되었고 그 이외의 처리구에 있어서는 거의 약해를 인정할 수 없었다. 3.수량 방임구가 $11.4\%$ 수량감소를 나타낸 이외에는 관행구에 비하여 통계적으로 유의차를 나타낸 Plot는 없었다. 특히 관행구보다 증수된 plot는 Machete 210g ai/10a 1DBT 및 2DBT, Ronstar 60g ai/10a 2.5cm 혼화구 및 12cm 혼화구, Saturn-S 3kg prod./10a 혼화구 그리고 MON-0385 175g ai/10a 1DBT구 등이었다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.838-846
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• 2012

This paper proposes a cost-effective hybrid-type power budget extender (PBEx) that can provide a high power budget of over 45 dB in an asymmetric 10-Gb/s Ethernet passive optical network (10/1G-EPON). The hybrid-type 10/1G-EPON PBEx comprises a central office terminal (COT) and remote terminal (RT) module supporting four channels and uses a coarse wavelength division multiplexing (CWDM) technology between the COT and RT for a reduction of fiber cost and efficient access network design. The proposed 10/1G-EPON PBEx can provide over a 40-km reach and 128-way split per CWDM wavelength with no modification of a legacy 10/1G-EPON system and can satisfy the error-free service in $10^{10}$ packet transmission.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.154-160
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• 2002

박피 토란의 저장성을 향상시키기 위한 방안으로 전해산화수, 유자과즙을 첨가한 전해산화수 및 명반수를 사용하여 제조한 침지저장액에 따른 저장 효과를 살펴본 결과, 토란 수분함량은 80.05%에서 저장 25일째 수분의 흡수로 인해 82.12~84.24%로 다소 증가하였으나 처리구간의 차이는 거의 없었다. 색도는 전반적으로 L값은 감소하였으며 a, b값이 증가되는 현상을 보여주었으며, 조직감은 모든 처리구에서 초기 4,520$\pm$75 g에서 점차로 감소하는 경향을 보였으나 그 감소 폭이 유자과즙첨가구가 가장 적은 것으로 나타나 저장 25일째 4,160$\pm$80 g의 수준을 보였다. 총 vitamin C함량은 0.5%유자과즙 첨가 구에서 25일째 6.99 mg%로 약 57%의 보존율을 보여 가장 손실이 적었다. 총당은 대부분의 처리구에서 저장 15일째까지 급격히 하강하다가 저장 15일 이후에는 감소속도가 완만한 것을 볼 수 있었으며, 저장 중의 유리당의 함량은 저장기간에 따른 증감의 큰 변화 폭은 관찰할 수 없었다. 단지 sucrose 함량은 저장 중반기인 10일 전후에 일부 감소하다가 다시 증가하여 저장 25일째에는 처리구에 관계없이 저장 초기 값의 1.5~2배 수준에 도달하였으며, fructose, glucose, maltose는 저장기간별 처리구간에 따른 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 박피 토란의 주 아미노산은 aspartic acid와glutamic acid로 각각 1,084.8 mg/100g. 691.8 mg/100g으로 나타났으며, 전해산화수에 침지하여 저장한 경우 aspartic acid 함량이 초기보다 13.9% 수준 증가하였다. 한편, 필수아미노산총량은 유자과즙 첨가구에 저장한 경우가 총당 감소율 측면에서 가장 유리한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한산업공학회/한국경영과학회 2004년도 춘계공동학술대회 논문집
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• pp.44-47
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• 2004

This paper proposes an approach for composite surface reconstruction from 2D serial cross-sections, where the number of contours varies from section to section. In a triangular surface-based approach taken in most reconstruction methods, a triangular $G^{1}$ surface is constructed by stitching triangular patches over a triangular net generated from the compiled contours. In the proposed approach, the resulting surface is a composite $G^{1}$ surface consisting of three kinds of surfaces: skinned, surface is first represented by a B-spline surface approximating the serial contours of the skinned region and then serial contours of the skinned region and then transformed into a mesh of rectangular Bezier patches. On branched and capped regions, triangular $G^{1}$ surfaces are constructed so that the connections between the triangular surfaces and their neighboring surfaces are $G^{1}$ continuous. Since each skinned region is represented by an approximated rectangular $G^{2}$ surface instead of an interpolated triangular $G^{1}$ surface, the proposed approach can provide more visually pleasing surfaces and realize more efficient data reduction than the triangular surface-based approach. Some experimental results demonstrate its usefulness and quality.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.492-495
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• 2015

This study provides evidence that RecG regulates the expression of the OxyR-independent gene mexA in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. A reduction in mexA expression was observed in the absence of RecG, but not OxyR, by northern blot and quantitative real-time PCR analyses. The canonical palindromic RecG binding sequence was present upstream of the mexA promoter, and bound purified RecG and single strand-binding protein. These data reveal a novel mechanism of OxyR-independent gene transcription by RecG.