This study focused on the cultural differences between South Korea and the U.S. in terms of male consumers' sex role attitude and its influence on grooming and apparel shopping behavior. Purposive samples of American and South Korean males aged between 20 and 40 years were surveyed. The sample sizes were 219 and 233 for American and South Korean consumers, respectively. The data were analyzed by structural equation modeling and ANOVA using SPSS 12.0 and AMOS 14.0. The results indicated that only grooming was influenced by the perceived femininity in the case of South Korean men; however, the model for American men indicated a significant positive influence of femininity on grooming and recreational apparel shopping behavior. In other words, American male consumers who perceive themselves feminine were more likely to be engaged in grooming and recreational apparel shopping behavior. On the other hand, for South Korean men, recreational apparel shopping behavior was not influenced by their sex role attitude, or whether they considered themselves feminine or masculine. This means that recreational apparel shopping behavior is a gender-specific behavior in the U.S., but not in South Korea. The findings of this study indicated that culture has influence on consumers' approach to shopping and appearance. South Korean male consumers were more likely to acknowledge themselves as being feminine, enjoy apparel shopping and grooming compared to American male consumers.
Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
/
v.20
no.5
/
pp.826-840
/
1996
With rapid changes in social and marketing environments, catalog retailing emerges as a new method of selling clothes in Korea. In catalog shopping, in-store and multi·store search behavior are omitted saving consumers time and effort. On the other hand, consumers may lose recreational enjoyment of shopping when they purchase clothes through catalog. In this study, consumers perception of shopping cost and recreational shopping orientation were tested as consumer characteristic intervening catalog shopping behavior. The concept of shopping cost was derived from Darian(1987)'s analysis of cost and benefit of store shopping and in-home shopping. A national sample of 700 adult women was surveyed and 477 questionnaires were returned and used for statistical analysis. Nine shopping cost perception variables were found to have significant positive relationships with the purchase intention of apparel through catalog. As a result of confirmatory factor analysis, two factors of shopping cost were found; perception of lack of shopping time and perception of store search effort. Causal modeling of LISREL analysis showed that percetion of lack of shopping time was strongly related with patronizing intention of catalog shopping. Since catalog shopping exclude enjoyment of store shopping activity, it can be logically inferred that recreational store shoppers have less chance of being catalog shoppers. However, the result of LISREL analysis showed that there were no negative relationship between recreational shopping orientation and catalog shopping intention. This suggests that consumers might experience enjoyment of shopping through catalog when properly presented.
Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
/
v.25
no.6
/
pp.1057-1068
/
2001
The purpose of this study was to clarify service quality of apparel stores and find out related variables. The related variables are contained customer's characteristics (shopping orientation, demographic characteristics), store types and store patronage behavior in apparel store. The subjects selected for the final analysis were 363 females aged from 20 to 59 who lived in Taejon. And the data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed through factor analysis, ANOVA, cluster analysis, regression, Duncan test, Tukey test. The results of this study were as follows; 1. Services quality of apparel stores consisted of seven dimensions ; ability of salesperson, belief in policy, convenience of facility, attractiveness of physical environment, convenience of using credit cards, convenience of space movement. and apparence of salespeople. 2. Shopping orientation consisted of four dimensions; recreational shopping orientation, rational shopping orientation. convenience-oriented shopping orientation, price-conscious shopping orientation. Shopper types consisted of three dimensions ; recreational-economical type shopper, rational type shopper, convenience-oriented type shopper. Significant relationships were found out between those shopper types and service quality. Significant difference was caused by demographic characteristics(age, marital status, education, income. job) except for places of residence and service quality. 3. The significant difference was found out between store types and service quality. 4. Service quality(ability of salespeople. belief in policy, convenience of facility, convenience of using credit cards. apparence of salespeople) were influenced store patronage behavior.
The primary objective of this study was to employ Darden's store patronage model in order to investigate the role that shopping orientation and store attributes play in store patronage. The study sample consisted of 340 female university students residing in Seoul. The data was analyzed by using path analysis and factor analysis. The recreational shopping orientation played a greater role in influencing the importance of store attributes than did the convenience shopping orientation. Recreational shoppers want a variety of brands and convenience shoppers can be attracted by a convenient location and availability of parking. Six important store attributes(variety of products and price level, proximity, variety of trendy brands, store decor, sales promotion, sales personnel) have a differential influence on store patronage. Shopping orientation was a direct predictor of patronage behavior and mediated the relationship between shopping orientation and store attribute importance. The finding indicated that both the recreational shopping orientation and convenience shopping orientation can be used effectively to position store patronage in such a way as to provide a strong means for shoppers to satisfy their needs. The findings of this study demonstrated that South Korean female shoppers with different shopping orientation have different store attribute preference and store patronage. The results provide a basis for building a successful strategy to attract shoppers and generate sales. The study focused on a specific product category, i.e., women's apparel. To meet the needs of female apparel shoppers, further research is needed to learn more about the distinctive characteristics of Korean consumers that could be applied to a variety of jobs, ages and living areas.
Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
/
v.24
no.6
/
pp.873-883
/
2000
The purpose of this study were to investigate the relationships of situation variables, product variables. consumer variables and impulse buying behavior in apparel store. We collected data from 462 consumers of adult women living in Pusan and analysed by factor analysis, cluster analysis, analysis of variance, t-test and discriminant analysis. The results were as follows: First, The purchase situation influenced on the impulse buying behavior consisted of the Pre-purchase condition and the Point-of-purchase state. The in-store situation consisted of the Salesman/store atmosphere, the Low price and the Possibility of out of stock. And the consumption values of apparel are divided into four factors ; Emotional/aesthetical value, Epistemic value, Functional value and Social value. The clothing shopping orientation as consumer variable extracted six factors ; Recreational orientation, Economical orientation, Brand/store loyalty orientation, Careful orientation, Apathetic orientation and Positive orientation. Consumers were classified by the cloting shopping orientation into the Convenience shopper, the Recreational shopper, the Economical shopper and the Careful shopper. Second, In comparison with the unimpulse-buyin groups, the impulse-buying group is more effected by in-store situation than purchase situation, and were more effected by Emotional/aesthetical value, Social value and Epistemic value of the consumption value. In consumer types, the more was the Recreational shopper and the Convenience shopper, the more showed impulse buying behavior. And the important factor distinguished between the impulse buying group and the unimpulse buying group was the Salesman/store atmosphere of the in-store situation.
This study explores a structural model to examine the relationship between web browsing motivation, retail strategy and purchase conversion for apparel on shopping websites. A self-administered questionnaire based on existing scales includes web browsing motivation, retail strategy, and purchase conversion intention of apparel on the shopping websites. A total of 499 usable questionnaires were obtained from consumers aging 20 to 49 who reside in metropolitan cities in Korea. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation models were used via SPSS 12.0 and LISREL 8.8. Findings concluded that web browsing motivations consisted of three factors: hedonic, informational, and recreational browsing for apparel. Hedonic browsing had a negative effect on purchase conversion intention, whereas informational browsing had a positive effect on the purchase conversion intention for apparel on shopping sites. Retail strategies on the website were classified into service, merchandise assortment, and price & promotion; the three elements of retail strategies mediated the relationship between web browsing motivations and purchase conversion intention for apparel. Specially, merchandise assortment had significantly direct effect on the purchase conversion intention of apparel on shopping websites. Managerial implications were discussed for fashion marketers to develop retail strategies and web content in order to convert web browsers or visitors into purchasers.
Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
/
v.26
no.11
/
pp.1615-1626
/
2002
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of shopping orientation, and service quality and satisfaction on impulsive buying behavior in two types of apparel store. The sample consisted of 616 females aged 20-30 who were shopping at department stores and shopping malls in Busan. Data were analyzed with factor analysis, t-test, cross analysis and path analysis. The results showed that consumers of department stores showed more strongly convenient orientation than those of the shopping mall, consumers of the shopping mall showed more strongly recreational orientation and practical orientation than those of the department. Stores services of the department were perceived better than that of the shopping mall in promotional services, salespersons' services and environmental services. But it didn't show any differences between store types in product services. Consumers 'satisfaction with the service was greater in department stores than the shopping mall. But it didn't show any difference between apparel store types in the impulsive buying behaviors. Impulsive buying behavior of department store shoppers is directly affected by a shopper' shopping orientation as well as store service quality perceived by shoppers rather than a shopper' satisfaction. The service quality does not have directly related to consumers’ service satisfaction. The causal relationships of impulsive buying behaviors showed similarity in shopping malls and department stores. The perceived quality and satisfaction with store service were higher at department store than shopping malls. In impulse buying behavior of a department store was directly affected by a shopper' shopping orientation as well as store service quality perceived by shoppers rather than a shopper’ store service satisfaction.
Modern consumers seek various pleasure and fun through shopping. Retailing are offering apparel products with entertainment services to customers such as movie theaters, restaurants and so on. The purposes of this study was investigate the effect of entertainment service on impulse buying behavior. Data were obtained from shoppers (N=684) randomly selected department stores and shopping malls located in Seoul and Busan. They were analyzed by factor analysis, t-test and cross analysis. The results showed that entertainment service users showed likely to be more recreational orientation, to be more pleasure, and better mood in retailing environment than entertainment service non-users. That is entertainment service users were more likely to buy impulsively during shopping than entertainment service non-users. Implication and future research directions discussed.
The purpose of this study were to examine the types of apparel store, to investigate consumer characteristics related to the apparel store patronage behaviors, and to find out the differences of casual relationships on apparel store patronage behaviors in store types. Data were collected from 451 consumers living in Pusan and analysed by factor analysis, ANOVA and path analysis. The results were as followings : First, the types of apparel store recognized by consumers were composed by five factors such as Casual-wear store, Traditional market store, Neighboring store, Department store, and Small-sized department store. Second, apparel store patronage behaviors have significant differences recreational and economic shopping orientations, Fashionability in store evaluative creteria, social psychologic risks in perceived risks, and observation store information source. Third, there were differences in casual relationships an apparel store patronage behaviors across store types. Casual-wear store patronage behaviors were directly influenced by the information source, and traditional market store patronage behaviors did by the perceived risk. Apparel shopping orientations directly influenced Neighboring store, and department store patronage behaviors. Evaluative creteria of store directly did small-sized department store. That is, consumer characteristics directly influencing to patronage behaviors were different across apparel store types. Therefore, the marketers of apparel store should understand consumer characteristics related to patronage behaviors and affecting variable and then try to encourage consumer's store patronage behavior.
The purpose of this study was to 1) segment female adolescent consumers into consumer groups displaying different consumer decision-making styles 2) to determine the consumer characteristics(clothing involvement information search store patronage and demographic variables) that related to each consumer segment and 3) to identify the interrelationship between the consumer characteristics. Decision-making styles were measured by 32 seven-point Likert type scales adapted from Sproles & Kendall and Shim & Kot A total of 78 statements dealing with three aspects of consumer characteristics was adapted from previous research. Data were collected from 567 2nd grade female middle and high school students in Seoul via self-administered questionnaires. and were analysed by frequency factor analysis ANOVA cluster analysis χ2 -test and Duncan's multiple range test. The results of this study were as follows: As a results of cluster analysis and ANOVA on seven factors of desion-making styles(1. brand-consiousness 2. novelty/fashion-consciousness 3. recreational/hedonis-tic orientation, 4. impulsive/carelessness, 5. price-consciousness/value-for-money, 6. perfectionism/high quality orientation 7. habitual/brand-royal consciousness) three consumer groups were identified and labeled as puality-oriented/non-utlitarian shoppers price-oriented shoppers and apathetic shoppers. Quality-oriented/non-utilitarian shoppers showed the highest clothing involvement scores of all aspects the highest consumer knowledge/experience most active ongoing information search and prepurchase information search. They preferred department store and franchise store for apparel shopping and considered service/reliability atmosphere variety of goods as important store attributes, Price-oriented shoppers showed prepurchase information search and planned purchase behavior actively. They preferred factory outlet store specialty stre and considered price very important as store attributes. Apathetic shoppers showed the lowest scores of all aspects of clothing involvement and most passive behavior in information search activities except showing the highest planned purchase. They preferred regional markets.
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.