• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2001년도 ICCAS
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• pp.50.3-50
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• 2001

Nonlinear feedback control scheme for reactive distillation column has been proposed. The proposed control scheme is derived in the framework of Nonlinear Internal Model Control. The product compositions and liquid and vapor flow rates in sections of the reactive distillation column are estimated from selected tray temperature measurements by an observer. The control scheme is applied to example reactive distillation column in which two products are produced in a single column and the reversible reaction A + B = C + D occurs. The relative volatilities are favorable for reactive distillation so that the reactants are intermediated boilers between the light product C and the heavy product D. Ideal physical properties, kinetics and ...

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.119-125
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• 2010

In this study, the effects of the fineness modulus of reactive aggregate on ASR expansion and ASR products have been investigated. The reactive aggregate used was metamorphic aggregate originated from Korea. ASR tests were conducted according to accelerated mortar bar test. The morphology and chemical composition of products formed in mortar bars, 5 years after the mortar bar test had been performed, were studied by scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy. Test results indicated that ASR expansion of mortar bars decrease in linear proportion to the fineness modulus of reactive aggregate. SEM images indicated that mortar bars showed reactive products formed in cement paste, within air voids and within cracks through particles except for the mortar bar with the fineness modulus of 3.25. The EDS analysis of the reactive products showed presence of silica, calcium and sodium, typical of ASR product composition.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.678-682
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• 1999

In this paper, we propose the algorithm which can control active power and reactive power independently in Battery Energy Storage System. The proposed algorithm is based on the instantaneous power theory that the inner product of the voltage vector and current vector represents the active power and the cross product of those represents the reactive power, and it can control active power and reactive power independently. To verify the validity of the proposed algorithm, we make model of the real power system in th KERI and simulate this algorithm. As a result of this simulation, we verified that the proposed algorithm can control active power and reactive power independently.

• 접착 및 계면
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.53-59
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• 2006

The paper highlights technical advances and introduces recent innovations such as smart curing laminating adhesives for flexible packaging with low migration rates of aromatic isocyanates and amines. Latent reactive one-part systems on the basis of surface deactivated solid isocyanates open up new dimensions for heat setting adhesives and waterborne PU dispersions. The new generation of Purmelt Micro Emission adhesives contains less than 0.1% of MDI monomer, thereby drastically reducing the emission of hazardous isocyanate vapors during processing and setting a significantly improved technical standard in occupational safety. Once again, polyurethane adhesives have demonstrated their unique ability to adapt to new process, product, safety and environmental requirements.

• BMB Reports
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• 제46권11호
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• pp.555-560
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• 2013

Acrolein is the most reactive aldehydic product of lipid peroxidation and is found to be elevated in the brain when oxidative stress is high. The effects of acrolein on the structure and function of human Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) were examined. When Cu,Zn-SOD was incubated with acrolein, the covalent crosslinking of the protein was increased, and the loss of enzymatic activity was increased in a dose-dependent manner. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers and copper chelators inhibited the acrolein-mediated Cu,Zn-SOD modification and the formation of carbonyl compound. The present study shows that ROS may play a critical role in acrolein-induced Cu,Zn-SOD modification and inactivation. When Cu,Zn-SOD that has been exposed to acrolein was subsequently analyzed by amino acid analysis, serine, histidine, arginine, threonine and lysine residues were particularly sensitive. It is suggested that the modification and inactivation of Cu,Zn-SOD by acrolein could be produced by more oxidative cell environments.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기기기및에너지변환시스템부문B
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.71-80
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• 2005

This paper presents the position sensorless vector control of a cylindrical permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM) in the field weakening region. The position sensorless algorithm using an instantaneous reactive power of the PMSM is proposed. An instantaneous reactive power can be obtained from the vector product of rotor currents and back emf of the PMSM. Back emf includes the information of rotor speed. So the estimated speed can be yielded from the voltage equation of the PMSM. In other words, the estimated speed is compensated by using an instantaneous reactive power. To extend the speed range of the PMSM in the constant horsepower region, the field weakening control is applied. The proposed algorithm is not affected by mechanical motor parameters because the mechanical equation is not used. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified by the experimental results.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.52-56
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• 2007

반응 증류탑은 반응기와 분리공정을 결합하여 에너지 사용량을 줄이고 공비 혼합물의 분리를 용이하게 할 수 있어 현장에서 많이 활용하고 있으나 공정의 설계에 많은 어려움이 있다. 화학공정의 설계와 운전 성능 평가에 많이 사용하는 상업용 설계 프로그램을 반응 증류탑의 설계에 활용하면 이러한 어려움을 해결할 수 있으나 증류단에 반응을 추가하는 것이 쉽지 않다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제점을 해결하여 TAME 공정을 상업용 설계 프로그램으로 시뮬레이션 할 수 있게 하였으며 이를 이용하여 TAME 공정의 설계 시 다음과 같은 고려 사항을 제시하였다. 반응단의 수를 증가 시키는 것보다 감소할 때 하부제품의 TAME 농도 변화가 더 크게 나타나며 비반응단의 수를 증가하여도 제품의 농도를 상승시킬 수 없다. 또, 재비기의 공급 열량 증가는 반응단에서의 체류 시간 감소에 따른 전화율 감소를 가져와서 제품의 농도를 저하시킨다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.533-538
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• 2004

Canonical sampling method has been presented to generate the initial conditions for reactive flux studies of organic reactions in water. Velocity Verlet version of Nose-Hoover chain dynamics algorithm has been employed to sample the initial conditions according to canonical distribution. The unstable normal mode of a transition state has been introduced to define a dividing plane separating reactant and product regions in reaction processes. This method has been implemented and tested for the case iels-Alder reaction of methyl vinyl ketone (MVK) and cyclopentadiene (CPD) in water, providing a reliable tool for further reactive flux molecular dynamics studies in condensed media.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제12B권4호
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• pp.413-420
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 상태변화에 대한 자율적 의사결정을 하는 퍼지논리를 이용한 에이전트의 구현을 택시에 적용 하는 것을 연구의 목적으로 한다. 이를 위하여 인공 지능 이론을 기반으로 한 실시간 반응형 에이전트를 통하여 인공 지능적으로 운행하는 자동차에 대해서 실험을 하였다. 실시간 반응형 에이전트를 구성하기 위한 추론방식으로는 max-product 기법과 n개 퍼지 규칙들 또는 연관들 ($A_l,\;B_l),\;{\ldots}(A_n,\;B_n$)을 가지는 상황을 고려하여 비퍼지화 작업을 수행하여 중심값을 추출하여 추론 작업을 실행하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.1019-1030
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• 2017

Diffusion is a crucial mechanism that regulates the migration of radioactive nuclides. In this study, an innovative numerical method was developed to simultaneously calculate the diffusion coefficient of both parent and, afterward, series daughter nuclides in a sequentially reactive through-diffusion model. Two constructed scenarios, a serial reaction (RN_1 ${\rightarrow}$ RN_2 ${\rightarrow}$ RN_3) and a parallel reaction (RN_1 ${\rightarrow}$ RN_2A + RN_2B), were proposed and calculated for verification. First, the accuracy of the proposed three-member reaction equations was validated using several default numerical experiments. Second, by applying the validated numerical experimental concentration variation data, the as-determined diffusion coefficient of the product nuclide was observed to be identical to the default data. The results demonstrate the validity of the proposed method. The significance of the proposed numerical method will be particularly powerful in determining the diffusion coefficients of systems with extremely thin specimens, long periods of diffusion time, and parent nuclides with fast decay constants.