• Title/Summary/Keyword: rating criteria

Search Result 392, Processing Time 0.027 seconds

Two Case Reports of Patients with Diarrhea-predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome Treated with Jeoreongchajeonja-tang (설사형 과민성대장증후군 환자에 대한 저령차전자탕의 효과 2례)

  • Kim, Ki-tae
    • The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
    • /
    • v.40 no.5
    • /
    • pp.948-956
    • /
    • 2019
  • Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe the effectiveness of Jeoreongchajeonja-tang as a treatment for patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). Methods: Two irritable bowel syndrome patients who had visited Semyung University Korean Medical Hospital were enrolled. The patients were diagnosed according to the Rome III criteria, and the treatment effect was assessed using the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) and the colon transit time. Results: After treatment with Jeoreongchajeonja-tang for 4 weeks, the GSRS score was improved and colon transit time was delayed. Conclusions: This study suggests that Jeoreongchajeonja-tang is effective for improving diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. More extensive study is needed in the future.

A study on certification criteria for effective application of green building rating system water resource (친환경건축물 인증제도 수자원 항목의 효과적 적용을 위한 평가방법 연구)

  • Kim, Hye-Jin;Kim, Kong-Suk;Kim, Byung-Seon
    • Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
    • /
    • 2006.06a
    • /
    • pp.1049-1054
    • /
    • 2006
  • In many countries, methods to evaluate buildings have been investigated and practiced in order to reduce energy use and search for sustainable architecture while providing comfortable space for the users, in Korea, the current certification system has a short history, and has been improved for better practicability. Among many different factors in the certification system, the water resource problem is an important as the demand has been sharply increasing while reckless use and sewage treatment system causes the reduction of usable water. This study aims to find problems of water usage in building. water resource in the current certification will be used for the analysis of each factor in water resource, and the direction of improvement required in the certification in order to improve the water usage in buildigns will be proposed.

  • PDF

The Prediction of DEA based Efficiency Rating for Venture Business Using Multi-class SVM (다분류 SVM을 이용한 DEA기반 벤처기업 효율성등급 예측모형)

  • Park, Ji-Young;Hong, Tae-Ho
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
    • /
    • v.19 no.2
    • /
    • pp.139-155
    • /
    • 2009
  • For the last few decades, many studies have tried to explore and unveil venture companies' success factors and unique features in order to identify the sources of such companies' competitive advantages over their rivals. Such venture companies have shown tendency to give high returns for investors generally making the best use of information technology. For this reason, many venture companies are keen on attracting avid investors' attention. Investors generally make their investment decisions by carefully examining the evaluation criteria of the alternatives. To them, credit rating information provided by international rating agencies, such as Standard and Poor's, Moody's and Fitch is crucial source as to such pivotal concerns as companies stability, growth, and risk status. But these types of information are generated only for the companies issuing corporate bonds, not venture companies. Therefore, this study proposes a method for evaluating venture businesses by presenting our recent empirical results using financial data of Korean venture companies listed on KOSDAQ in Korea exchange. In addition, this paper used multi-class SVM for the prediction of DEA-based efficiency rating for venture businesses, which was derived from our proposed method. Our approach sheds light on ways to locate efficient companies generating high level of profits. Above all, in determining effective ways to evaluate a venture firm's efficiency, it is important to understand the major contributing factors of such efficiency. Therefore, this paper is constructed on the basis of following two ideas to classify which companies are more efficient venture companies: i) making DEA based multi-class rating for sample companies and ii) developing multi-class SVM-based efficiency prediction model for classifying all companies. First, the Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) is a non-parametric multiple input-output efficiency technique that measures the relative efficiency of decision making units(DMUs) using a linear programming based model. It is non-parametric because it requires no assumption on the shape or parameters of the underlying production function. DEA has been already widely applied for evaluating the relative efficiency of DMUs. Recently, a number of DEA based studies have evaluated the efficiency of various types of companies, such as internet companies and venture companies. It has been also applied to corporate credit ratings. In this study we utilized DEA for sorting venture companies by efficiency based ratings. The Support Vector Machine(SVM), on the other hand, is a popular technique for solving data classification problems. In this paper, we employed SVM to classify the efficiency ratings in IT venture companies according to the results of DEA. The SVM method was first developed by Vapnik (1995). As one of many machine learning techniques, SVM is based on a statistical theory. Thus far, the method has shown good performances especially in generalizing capacity in classification tasks, resulting in numerous applications in many areas of business, SVM is basically the algorithm that finds the maximum margin hyperplane, which is the maximum separation between classes. According to this method, support vectors are the closest to the maximum margin hyperplane. If it is impossible to classify, we can use the kernel function. In the case of nonlinear class boundaries, we can transform the inputs into a high-dimensional feature space, This is the original input space and is mapped into a high-dimensional dot-product space. Many studies applied SVM to the prediction of bankruptcy, the forecast a financial time series, and the problem of estimating credit rating, In this study we employed SVM for developing data mining-based efficiency prediction model. We used the Gaussian radial function as a kernel function of SVM. In multi-class SVM, we adopted one-against-one approach between binary classification method and two all-together methods, proposed by Weston and Watkins(1999) and Crammer and Singer(2000), respectively. In this research, we used corporate information of 154 companies listed on KOSDAQ market in Korea exchange. We obtained companies' financial information of 2005 from the KIS(Korea Information Service, Inc.). Using this data, we made multi-class rating with DEA efficiency and built multi-class prediction model based data mining. Among three manners of multi-classification, the hit ratio of the Weston and Watkins method is the best in the test data set. In multi classification problems as efficiency ratings of venture business, it is very useful for investors to know the class with errors, one class difference, when it is difficult to find out the accurate class in the actual market. So we presented accuracy results within 1-class errors, and the Weston and Watkins method showed 85.7% accuracy in our test samples. We conclude that the DEA based multi-class approach in venture business generates more information than the binary classification problem, notwithstanding its efficiency level. We believe this model can help investors in decision making as it provides a reliably tool to evaluate venture companies in the financial domain. For the future research, we perceive the need to enhance such areas as the variable selection process, the parameter selection of kernel function, the generalization, and the sample size of multi-class.

Tween Girls and Their Mothers: Clothing Decision Criteria and Body Satisfaction (Tweens 여학생과 어머니의 의복의사결정과 신체 만족도에 대한 연구)

  • Lee, Seung-Hee;Ulrich, Pamela V.;Connell, Lenda Jo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
    • /
    • v.31 no.12
    • /
    • pp.1689-1699
    • /
    • 2007
  • The purpose of the research was to explore clothing characteristics that tween girls(ages 9-14) consider important when deciding what to wear, as well as what the tween girls' mothers believe that their daughters value. The purposive sample consisted of 41 mother-daughter pairs recruited by $[TC]^2$ (Textile/Clothing Technology Corporation). Subjects were divided into younger(9-11) and older(12-14) normal- and plus-size groups based on Body Mass Index(BMI). There were significant differences between mothers and daughters in rating the importance of seven decision criteria concerning what to wear. The entire tween girls reported that clothes that fit well as the most important criteria in deciding what to wear. Clothes that were comfortable was the only criterion significantly related to the tween girls' body dissatisfaction scores. Mothers rated clothes that are the newest fashion and that friends would be wearing as being significantly more important than their daughters reported. There was a significant negative correlation between tween girls' body dissatisfaction scores and choosing clothes that are comfortable. Normal-size tweeen girls and their mothers differed significantly only when considering the newest fashion and what friends would be wearing. Plus-size tween girls and their mothers differed significantly for four criteria: fit, comfort, best looking, and what friends would be wearing. Both younger and older groups differed with mothers concerning what friends would be wearihng. Additionally, younger girls placed significantly more emphasis than their mothers fit. Older girls did not consider the newest fashion an important a decision criterion, but their mothers believed that they did.

Proposal of Early-Warning Criteria for Highway Debris Flow Using Rainfall Frequency (2): Criteria Adjustment and Verification (확률 강우량을 이용한 고속도로 토석류 조기경보기준 제안 (2) : 기준의 조정 및 적용성 검토)

  • Choi, Jaesoon
    • Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
    • /
    • v.12 no.2
    • /
    • pp.15-24
    • /
    • 2019
  • In the previous study, the rainfall data of 1 hour, 6 hours and 3 days were used as the rainfall criterion according to the grade to trigger the debris flow in the highway area, using the rainfall data of Gangwon area and the rainfall time-series data at the spot where the debris flow occurred. In this study, we propose an early warning criterion of the highway debris flow triggering through appropriate combination of three rainfall criteria selected through previous studies and adjustments of rainfall criterion in the highway debris flow triggering. In addition, simulations were conducted using the time-series rainfall data of 2010~2012, which had a large amount of precipitation for the five sites where debris flows occurred in 2013. As a result of the study, the criteria for the early warning of highway unsteadiness on the highway were prepared. In case of the grade-based adjustment, it is preferable to apply the unified rating to the grade B. Also, if the fatigue of the monitoring is not a problem, adjusting it to A or S may be a way to positively cope with the occurrence of highway debris flow.

Effects of Risperidone in Acute Manic Patients: An Open Clinical Trial (급성 조증환자에서 Risperidone의 치료효과: 임상 개방 연구)

  • Paik, In Ho;Lee, Chang Uk;Lee, Chul;Lee, Soo Jung;Kim, Jae Hyun
    • Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
    • /
    • v.2 no.2
    • /
    • pp.281-286
    • /
    • 1995
  • Objects : Manic phase of bipolar disorder is treated with a combination of mood stabilizer and antipsychotic drug, especially in the acute phase. Such combined treatment is often required for the clinical management of manic symptoms until therapeutic effects of mood stabilizer become evident. The present study was the first open trial to evaluate the efficacy of risperidone, and safety of the combination of mood stabilizer and risperidone in the treatment of acute manic patients. Method : This study was performed as an open clinical study. The subjects of this study were 42 patients who had been admitted with first manifestations or acute exacerbations of illness were selected, using DSM-III-R criteria for bipolar disorder, manic episode. Patients were rated using the the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Clinical Global Impression (CGI), Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale(ESRS). Other adverse events were assessed by a symptom checklist and by observation by medical personnel. Vital signs were monitored in a standard way and electrocardiography, routine laboratory analysis were performed. Results : Thirty patients(67%) completed the 12-week trial period. The CGI showed a good therapeutic effect with a minimal incidence or severity of side effects. The majority of patients showed a continuos reduction in their BPRS scores. The extrapyramidal symptoms assessed on ESRS generally showed mild to moderate degree. laboratory porameters showed no significant changes during the course of treatment. Conclusion : The results of the study showed a good efficacy of the risperidone in manic patients and further controlled studies are warranted.

  • PDF

Comparison of Eye Movement and Fit Rating Criteria in Judging Pants Fit Between Experts and Novices - Using Eye Tracking Technology - (바지 맞음새 평가 시 전문가와 초보자의 시선추적 및 맞음새 평가 항목의 중요도 비교분석 - Eye Tracking 기법을 이용하여 -)

  • Kim, Youngsook;Song, Hwa Kyung;Jang, Hyowoong
    • Fashion & Textile Research Journal
    • /
    • v.19 no.2
    • /
    • pp.230-239
    • /
    • 2017
  • In the clothes industry, there are lack of experts including technical designers who can analyze the fit of clothes. This study is to provide practical data available for fit analysis education by distinguishing the differences in standards and aspects of garment fit between experts and novices, through the eye-tracking technology to quantify the sense of fit. For this study, two groups were organized; one composed of 7 experts with over 15 year-experience including technical designers and patternmakers, and the other composed of 7 novices who are students majoring in clothing. Wearing the goggle type eye-tracker Tobii Pro Glasses 2, the participants in the experiments were required to conduct fit analyses for a pair of pants on a live model. After those experiments, they were required to check the items for fit analysis and assess the importance level of them on a questionnaire. The differences between the two groups in the ratios of total visit count and total visit duration by each AIO(Area of Interest) of clothes were analyzed through non-parametric statistical test. The results of eye tracking experiments showed that experts focused on center front and back line, crotch area, and side seam, while novice's fixation points were dispersed around the pants. The survey results showed that the experts put importance on the center line position and its verticality, front-back proportion of side seam line, and front-back proportion of waist line, 71.4~100% of whom checked them, while 14.3% of the novices checked them.

The Improvement and Completion of Outcome index: A new assessment system for quality of orthodontic treatment

  • Hong, Mihee;Kook, Yoon-Ah;Kim, Myeng-Ki;Lee, Jae-Il;Kim, Hong-Gee;Baek, Seung-Hak
    • The korean journal of orthodontics
    • /
    • v.46 no.4
    • /
    • pp.199-211
    • /
    • 2016
  • Objective: Given the considerable disagreement between the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) index and the American Board of Orthodontics Cast-Radiograph Evaluation, we aimed to develop a novel assessment system-the Improvement and Completion of Outcome (ICO) index-to evaluate the outcome of orthodontic treatment. Methods: Sixteen criteria from 4 major categories were established to represent the pretreatment malocclusion status, as well as the degree of improvement and level of completion of outcome during/after treatment: dental relationship (arch length discrepancy, irregularity, U1-SN, and IMPA); anteroposterior relationship (overjet, right and left molar position, ANB); vertical relationship (anterior overbite, anterior open-bite, lateral open-bite, SN-MP); and transverse relationship (dental midline discrepancy, chin point deviation, posterior cross-bite, occlusal plane cant). The score for each criterion was defined from 0 or -1 (worst) to 5 (ideal value or normal occlusion) in gradations of 1. The sum of the scores in each category indicates the area and extent of the problems. Improvement and completion percentages were estimated based on the pre- and post-treatment total scores and the maximum total score. If the completion percentage exceeded 80%, treatment outcome was considered successful. Results: Two cases, Class I malocclusion and skeletal Class III malocclusion, are presented to represent the assessment procedure using the ICO index. The difference in the level of improvement and completion of treatment outcome can be clearly explained by using 2 percentage values. Conclusions: Thus, the ICO index enables the evaluation of the quality of orthodontic treatment objectively and consecutively throughout the entire treatment process.

A Proposal of Hazard/Risk Assessment Criteria and an Asbestos Management Method for Asbestos-containing Building Materials

  • Park, Wha-Me;Kim, Yoon-Shin
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
    • /
    • v.38 no.1
    • /
    • pp.66-72
    • /
    • 2012
  • Objectives: The AHERA method by the US EPA, ASTM E2356-04, and HSG264 by the UK HSE, all of which are hazard/risk assessment methods for asbestos-containing building materials, were reviewed and compared based on 231 homogeneous areas. In addition, the current Act on Asbestos Safety Management (enforcement: April 29, 2012) was reviewed and analyzed. This trial provided fundamental data for improving the current asbestos hazard/risk assessment method. Methods: For the hazard/risk assessment of 77 asbestos-containing public buildings including schools, 231 homogeneous areas were selected, each of which was assessed using AHERA, ASTM E2356-04, and HSG264. Results: The matching rate of the hazard/risk assessment stood at 20.4 percent between AHERA and ASTM, at 71.4 percent between AHERA and HSG264 and at 17.8 percent between ASTM and HSG264. The AHERA method includes a seven-category rating scale. There were three categories, two of which have three subcategories. ASTM provides two decision-making charts consisting of ten rating scales for current condition estimation and for potential for disturbance estimation. In addition, the HSG264 method has a total of 20 scores with four items, and then provides four grades. This HSG264 method cannot clearly separate current condition and potential for disturbance. Conclusions: In the Korean Act on Asbestos Safety Management, the hazard/risk assessment method for asbestos-containing building materials should consider balance between current condition estimation and the potential for disturbance estimation.

Blast Design Technique Using the Bulk Emulsion Explosives in Tunnel (터널에서 벌크에멀젼 폭약을 이용한 발파설계기법 연구)

  • Lee Jin-Moo;Lee Heoy;Lee Sang-Hun;Kim Hee-Do;Choi Sung-Hyun
    • Explosives and Blasting
    • /
    • v.24 no.1
    • /
    • pp.29-37
    • /
    • 2006
  • The demand of the bulk emulsion explosives is being increased more and more by using the mechanization loading system in a domestic tunnel sites. Thus, a rational design criteria that is suitable for rock and circumstance condition has been required. In this study, authors investigated a optimum specific charging weight and resonable charging weight based on domestic blasting construction cases, which were performed by using a mechanization bulk emulsion explosives loading system up to now. Authors also analyzed the blasting results and got the following formula $({\Upsilon}= 0.669 + (0.0154{\times}RMR),\;r=0.81)$ from the relationship between a optimum specific charging weight of bulk exp. and rock mass rating. A range of resonable charging weight with a drilling depth is calculated considering a rock conditions.