• 대한기관식도과학회지
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.30-35
• /
• 2009

Lung cancer could be developed through a series of morphological changes from dysplasia to carcinoma in situ and then invasive cancer. However, precancerous lesions are generally a few cell layers thick and are detected only by chance. Autofluorescence bronchoscopy(AFB) is one of the newly developed diagnostic tools to detect the pre-cancerous lesions m the bronchial tissue. Several studies have shown that AFB improved the rate of detection of cancer and dysplastic lesions of the airway, especially those in intraepithelial stage. However, there were high rates of false positive with AFB, and it is also important to develop non-biopsy methods because of lack of accurate information of variable course of preneoplastic lesions regarding progression. So, many other technologies were developed, such as narrow band imaging(NBI), endobronchoscopic ultrasound, optical coherence tomography, and confocal fluorescence microendoscopy. Among the new machines, NBI is a new optical technology that can clearly visualize the microvascular structure m the mucosal layer. NBI seems to increase specificity without compromising sensitivity. In the future such techniques would make it possible to precisely study in detail the natural history of the premalignant epithelium.

• 혜화의학회지
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.111-116
• /
• 2012

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Seonpyejeongcheon-tang (SJT) for chronic cough. Materials and Methods: Thirty-one patients with chronic cough who had treated with SJT between September 2010 and October 2011 were analyzed. We estimated the effectiveness of the treatment by Borg Cough Scale (BCS). Results: Mean period of cough duration was $15.19{\pm}8.70$ and mean period of treatment was $7.58{\pm}2.55$. SJT treatment significantly decreased the score of BCS from $6.32{\pm}1.30$ to $1.84{\pm}0.97$ (p<0.001). Disappearance rate of cough was 32% after SJT treatment. Conclusion: SJT seems to be effective in the treatment of chronic cough. Further studies are recommended to confirm this effect.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.130-140
• /
• 2023

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, with a 5-year survival rate of < 40%. The diagnosis and treatment decisions of GC rely on human experts' judgments on medical images; therefore, the accuracy can be hindered by image condition, objective criterion, limited experience, and interobserver discrepancy. In recent years, several applications of artificial intelligence (AI) have emerged in the GC field based on improvement of computational power and deep learning algorithms. AI can support various clinical practices in endoscopic examination, pathologic confirmation, radiologic staging, and prognosis prediction. This review has systematically summarized the current status of AI applications after a comprehensive literature search. Although the current approaches are challenged by data scarcity and poor interpretability, future directions of this field are likely to overcome the risk and enhance their accuracy and applicability in clinical practice.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.77-84
• /
• 2016

Pancreatic cancer, the 4th leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States, has a very poor prognosis. Cholangiocarcinoma originates from either intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile duct, and its incidence is gradually increasing worldwide. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with brush cytology has a high false-negative rate for the diagnosis of biliary malignancy. Recently, endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) has emerged as the potential modality to detect pancreatic cancer. EUS-guided fine needle aspiration for cytologic analysis made it possible to overcome the obstacle in differentiating between benign and malignant lesions in the pancreatobiliary lesion, and it has been well established as a safe and effective procedure. Herein, the clinical application of EUS in the diagnosis of pancreatobiliary cancer was reviewed.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.11-27
• /
• 2002

Allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is one of the effective therapy for several hematologic malignancies. Transplantation preparative regimen is designed to eradicate the patient's underlying disease and immunosuppress the patient adequately to prevent rejection of donor's hematopoietic stem cells. So, conventional myeloablative preparative regimens with high-dose chemotherapy or radiotherapy are related to high rate of morbidity and mortality. However, It has become clear that the high-dose therapy dose not eradicate the malignancy in some patients, and that the therapeutic benefit of allogenic transplantation is largely related to graft-versus-leukemia/graft-versus-tumor (GVL/GVT) effect. An new approach is to utilize less toxic, nonmyeloablative preparative regimens to achieve engraftment and allow GVL/GVT effects to develop. This strategy reduces the risk of treatment-related mortality and allows transplantation for elderly and those with comorbidities that preclude high-dose chemoradiotherapy.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.74-81
• /
• 2016

The aim of this study was to find the initial design value of turbine blade for electrical type turbocompound system generating 10 kW. Turbocompound is one of the waste heat recovery system applying to internal combustion engine to recover exhaust gas energy that was about 30 % of total input energy. To design the turbine blade, 1-D mean line flow model was used. Exhaust gas temperature, pressure, flow rate and turbine rotating speed was fixed as primary boundary conditions. The velocity triangles was defined and used to determine the rotor inlet radius and width, the rotor outlet radius at shroud and radius at hub, the rotor flow angles and the number of blades.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제38권4호
• /
• pp.373-378
• /
• 2005

Influenza virus has a unique characteristics of annual epidemics of acute respiratory disease with attack rate of 10%-30% of the population. It is also the classical emerging infectious disease causing global pandemics when new antigenic shift occur. This antigenic shift is the key to its ability to evoke periodic pandemics, and it has caused at least 3 pandemics in 20th century. I reviewed these 3 pandemics in their natural courses and the epidemiology of the recent emerging influenza A viruses, especially the H5 and H7 subtypes. I descr ibed the epidemics of these vi ruses in human population and why we should be prepared to these viruses.

• Macromolecular Research
• /
• 제9권6호
• /
• pp.297-302
• /
• 2001

Rice starch was incorporated into linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) using a Brabender Plastic-Corder internal mixer at a temperature of 140$\^{C}$ and 40 rpm. The starch loading was varied from 0 to 30% with 5 intervals. Studies on brabender torque development, mechanical properties and water absorption were investigated. The starch loading did not influence the brabender torque significantly. With respect to mechanical properties; the tensile strength and elongation at break decrease with increasing starch loading. The Young's modulus also increases with the starch filling. Mechanical properties were deteriorated as the starch absorbed moisture. The rate of water absorption was dependent on the starch filling in the composites. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis was performed for the tensile fracture surfaces and it revealed the starch agglomeration and a poor dispersion of starch in the LLDPE matrix.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.49-55
• /
• 2022

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is associated with gastroduodenal diseases such as gastritis, peptic ulcer diseases, gastric adenocarcinoma, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Furthermore, various extragastroduodenal diseases have been suggested to be related with H. pylori infection. Although no single factor has been considered the cause of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a negative association was found between the prevalence of H. pylori and GERD severity. Additionally, the role of eradication therapy of H. pylori in reflux esophagitis is controversial, and a significant correlation was found between successful H. pylori eradication rate and reflux esophagitis development. H. pylori infection remains an inconclusive and important issue in GERD. Thus, more experimental studies are necessary to elucidate the potential mechanisms.

• 국제학술발표논문집
• /
• The 2th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
• /
• pp.96-105
• /
• 2007

This paper presents a study on the impact of variation of construction material prices on the feasibility of building projects in Vietnam. The paper makes use of Monte-Carlo simulation for financial risk analysis of net present Value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR). To well illustrate the influencing, a case study is presented. The research results show that there is a strong correlation between steel prices, gold prices, and $US exchange rate. Outputs of statistics also reveal that the concurrent variation of prices of cement, steel, sand, brick, formwork and stone has strongly negative impact on NPV and IRR of building projects. The results also indicate that the proportion of steel cost to total construction cost is 17.95% which is the cause of risks for the feasibility of building project in Vietnam. The paper stresses that feasibility study of building project must integrate the impact of construction materials prices in order to mitigate risks in developing countries as Vietnam.