• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.181-191
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• 2010

Objetcives : Cancer cachexia is a common syndrome in advanced cancer patients, which is characterized by profound changes in protein, fat and carbohydrate metabolism, resulting in anorexia, weight loss, muscle wasting and poor performance status. We studied the journals of Chinese herb medicine about cancer cachexia and reported the results. Methods : This study attempted to analyze the contents of the research papers concerning the treatment of cancer cachexia presented in the journals of Chinese medicine published in China over the period between 2000 and 2009. Results & Conclusions : The principles for medical treatment were invigorating Ki(益氣), invigorating the spleen(健脾), regulating the stomach(和胃), nourishing the blood(養血), nourishing Eum(補陰), promoting the circulation of Ki(行氣), removing the phlegm(化痰), removing blood stasis(祛瘀) etc. The used herbs were Poria(茯笭), Astragali Radix(黃芪), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma(白朮), Codonopsis Pilosulae Radix(黨蔘), Dioscoreae Rhizoma(山藥), Citri Pericarpium(陳皮), Angelicae Gigantis Radix(當歸), Coicis Pemen(薏苡仁), Paeoniae Radix Alba(白芍藥) etc. The effetcive rate of treatment with Chinese herb medicine group was comparable or even more effetcive. Chinese herb medicine group had little side effetcs. Chinese medicine herb treatment to inhibit cancer cachexia has many possibilities.

• Proceedings of the KWS Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.229-234
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• 2002

The variation of HAZ toughness with nitrogen content and weld cooling rate was investigated and interpreted in terms of both microstructure and the amount of free nitrogen. The presence of free nitrogen in HAZ was investigated by internal friction measurement and its amount was measured by hydrogen hot extraction analysis. Both nitrogen content and weld cooling rate influenced HAZ microstructure and high toughness was obtained at a mixed microstructure of acicular ferrite, feffite sideplate and polygonal ferrite. If nitrogen content is too low or cooling rate is too fast, bainitic microstructure is obtained and toughness is low. On the other hand, if nitrogen content is too high or cooling rate is too slow, coarse polygonal ferritic microstructure is obtained and toughness is deteriorated again. ill addition to the microstructural change, high nitrogen content also resulted in a large amount of free nitrogen. Therefore, nitrogen content should be kept as low as possible even if the mixed micostructure is obtained. In this experimental condition, the maximum toughness was obtained at 0.006% nitrogen content when weld cooling time ($\Delta$t$_{8}$5/)) is 60s.TEX>5/)) is 60s.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.170-178
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• 2019

Purpose: Annual influenza vaccination is the best strategy to prevent healthcare-associated influenza transmission. Influenza vaccination rates among healthcare workers (HCWs) vary by country, region, and year. We investigated the influenza vaccination rates for HCWs during the 2017-2018 influenza season in South Korea, where a non-mandatory vaccination campaign was conducted. Methods: We retrospectively investigated factors affecting the influenza vaccination rate among HCWs during the 2017-2018 influenza season in three tertiary hospitals in Goyang City, where the non-mandatory influenza vaccination program is conducted. Results: Consequently, 6,994 of 7,180 HCWs (97%) were included, and the overall vaccination rate was 85%. Nurses had the highest rate with 92%, followed by health technicians (88%), physicians (84%), and non-medical HCWs (79%, P<0.001). Vaccination rates differed, depending on the frequency of contact with patients in the non-medical HCWs (frequent contact vs. less-frequent contact; 90% vs. 73%, P<0.001). Conclusions: The influenza vaccination rate among HCWs during the 2017-2018 influenza season in Korea was 85%, which is among the highest rates compared with previously reported non-mandatory vaccination rates in other countries. The vaccination rate may vary depending on the HCW's occupational characteristics, including the extent of contact with the patient. Therefore, a multifaceted strategy is needed to increase the vaccination rate of HCWs.

• Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering
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• v.35 no.11
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• pp.2321-2326
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• 2018

We evaluated the optimal conditions for fluidization of nickel oxide (NiO) and its reduction into high-purity Ni during hydrogen reduction in a laboratory-scale fluidized bed reactor. A comparative study was performed through structural shape analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM); variance in pressure drop, minimum fluidization velocity, terminal velocity, reduction rate, and mass loss were assessed at temperatures ranging from 400 to $600^{\circ}C$ and at 20, 40, and 60 min in reaction time. We estimated the sample weight with most active fluidization to be 200 g based on the bed diameter of the fluidized bed reactor and height of the stocked material. The optimal conditions for NiO hydrogen reduction were found to be height of sample H to the internal fluidized bed reactor diameter D was H/D=1, reaction temperature of $550^{\circ}C$, reaction time of 60 min, superficial gas velocity of 0.011 m/s, and pressure drop of 77 Pa during fluidization. We determined the best operating conditions for the NiO hydrogen reduction process based on these findings.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.4727-4731
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• 2013

Background: There have been no large-scale population-based studies to estimate the subsequent risk of primary liver cancer (PLC) among patients with pyogenic liver abscess (PLA). This study aimed to provide relevant data. Materials and Methods: The Taiwan Longitudinal Health Insurance Database for the years 2000 and 2005 was used. The PLA group were adult inpatients who were newly diagnosed with PLA from 2000 to 2008. The control group was randomly selected and matched with the PLA group in terms of age, sex, and date in which medical treatment was sought other than for PLA. Results: There were 1,987 patients each in the PLA and control groups. In total, 56 had PLC, 48 (2.4%, 601.5 per 100,000 person-years) from the PLA group, and 8 from the control group. After adjusting for potential covariates, the hazard ratio of PLC for the PLA group was 3.4 times that of the control group (95% confidence interval = 1.6-7.3, p <0.001). The PLC risk for the PLA group was significantly higher within the first year after PLA diagnosis (hazard ratio: 35.4) as compared with the control group and became insignificant (hazard ratio: 2.0, 95% confidence interval = 0.8-4.9) more than one year after PLA diagnosis. Conclusions: Patients with PLA have a higher rate of PLC than matched controls, especially within the first year after the diagnosis of PLA, suggesting PLA is a warning sign for PLC.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.125-129
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• 2017

A 38-year-old man presented with abdominal discomfort and was diagnosed as type 3 advanced gastric cancer with multiple liver and lung metastases (Stage IV). Endoscopic forcep biopsy revealed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, which stained positive HER2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor) on immunohistochemistry. We started chemotherapy with FP (5-Fluorouracil plus Cisplatin) plus trastuzumab. After 6 cycles of FP plus trastuzumab chemotherapy, there were partial response in the liver, lung and lymph nodes metastasis. Especially, metastatic lung lesions showed remarkable improvement. Chemotherapy with FP plus trastuzamab was effective for HER2 positive advanced cancer with multiple liver and lung metastases. Through active research on target therapy about advanced gastric cancer, we expect to improve the survival rate and quality of life of patients with advanced gastric cancer who can not undergo curative resection.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.19 no.2 s.63
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• pp.34-39
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• 2005

All of the design criterion are not only formulated by an internal study, concerning the design of maritime structures, but also by the guarantee that internal design technology is essential, at least according to theoretical and experimental studies. Furthermore, the basic data, which is necessary for the development of a more stable design of breakwater structures, should be ensured, according to current research and analysis of damage created by water waves. According to the necessity to solve the problems that occur in the design and construction of ocean structures, until now, it is recognized that the hydraulic experiments are important. This paper provides the design of structures to decrease the energy created by waves. Suggestions to make contributions to the development of ocean/fisheries technology are also discussed. It is better to use S-type coastal structures/breakwaters than to use uniform type breakwaters, concerning stability, reflection, and overtopping.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.453-455
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• 2013

Heartworm infection is a fatal disease causing heart failure and pulmonary diseases in dogs. This heartworm infection can also occur in wild carnivores including Raccoon dogs. Recent study found that relatively high prevalence rate in wild Raccoon dog population. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the prevalence rate of D. immitis in free-roaming Raccoon dogs and the recovery rate of microfilariae in infected Raccoon dogs in Korea. Overall prevalence rate of D. immitis in Korean Raccoon dogs was 17.8%. Prevalence rate in male Raccoon dogs was 21.8%, while that in female Raccoon dogs was 12.8%. Microfilariae were not detected in 17 Raccoon dogs having positive in heartworm antigen test. Our study result suggested that the prevalence rate of D. immitis in Korea is twice higher than that of Japan. In addition, microfilaremia is rare in Raccoon dogs as commonly noticed in cats.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.50-54
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• 2018

The incidence of gastric cancer has steadily declined and the overall mortality rate from gastric cancer has similarly decreased. However, compared to other malignancies, the quality of life and life expectancy remain relatively poor in patients with gastric cancer. For gastric cancers, surgical resection is the main treatment, but the optimal therapeutic strategy for locally advanced gastric cancer remains undefined. For many patients with gastric cancer, not only chemotherapy but also radiotherapy plays a crucial role in both the curative and palliative settings. In this article, we review the evidence for the different treatment paradigms with a particular focus on the role of radiotherapy.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.84 no.4
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• pp.255-262
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• 2021

Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) is an antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated necrotizing vasculitis, which mainly affects small vessels in various organs, especially the lungs. The two key pulmonary manifestations, interstitial lung disease (ILD) and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH), increase the morbidity and death rate of patients with MPA. ILD is more common in MPA than in other ANCA-associated vasculitis subsets and is primarily associated with myeloperoxidase-ANCA. Unlike alveolar hemorrhage due to pulmonary capillaritis, ILD can initially manifest as isolated pulmonary fibrosis. Of note, its most frequent radiographic pattern is the usual interstitial pneumonia pattern, similar to the characteristic pattern seen in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. In this review we present the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and radiographic and histopathologic features of ILD and DAH in MPA. We also briefly summarize the outcome and therapeutic options for the two conditions.