• 제목/요약/키워드: rate equation

검색결과 3,001건 처리시간 0.032초

Ethylacrylate에 대한 n-Butylmercaptan의 친핵성 첨가반응에 관한 연구 (The Kinetics and Mechanism of Nucleophilic Addition of n-Butylmercaptan to Ethylacrylate)

  • 권동숙;김태린
    • 대한화학회지
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    • 제16권4호
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    • pp.232-240
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    • 1972
  • Ethylacrylate에 대한 n-butylmercaptan의 첨가반응속도상수를 iodometry로 측정하여 넓은 pH범위에서 잘 맞는 속도식을 구하였다. 이 식에 의하면 pH 4 이하에서는 n-butylmercaptan분자가 첨가하여 pH 7 이상에서는 n-butylmercaptide ion이 첨가함을 알 수 있고 pH 4∼7 사이에서 일어나는 복잡한 첨가반응 메카니즘도 이 식으로 잘 설명 될 수 있음을 알았다.

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${\beta}$-Nitrostyrene에 대한 Mercaptan의 親核性 添加反應에 關한 硏究 (I) (The Kinetics and Mechanism of Nucleophilic Addition of Mercaptan to a ${\beta}$-Nitrostyrene in Acidic Media (I))

  • 박옥현
    • 대한화학회지
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    • 제12권3호
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    • pp.106-113
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    • 1968
  • 여러 酸性溶媒 속에서 3,4-methylenedioxy-${\beta}$-nitrostyrene에 대한 n-butylmercaptan의 親核性 添加反應速度常數를 측정하여 넓은 pH범위에서 잘 맞는 反應速度式을 구하였다. 이 식에 의하면 pH3이하에서는 mercaptan분자가 첨가하며 pH6이상에서는 mercaptide ion이 첨가함을 알 수 있고 이 중간 pH범위에서 일어나는 복잡한 반응 메카니즘도 이 식에 의해 정량적으로 잘 설명할 수 있음을 알았다.

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JWL++ 반응속도식의 미정상수 결정을 위한 화약의 이론적 모델 (Analytic model to determine the unknown parameters of JWL++ rate equation)

  • 김보훈;여재익
    • 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국연소학회 2012년도 제44회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 초록집
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    • pp.283-286
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    • 2012
  • The analytical model determining the unknown parameters of reaction rate equation which is necessary to simulate the combustion phenomena of energetic materials is proposed. The relationship between detonation velocity and size effect of energetic materials is derived from simplified JWL++ model. Theoretical model is used to investigate the combustion characteristics of certain energetic materials before running Hydrocode by pre-determination of unknown parameter, b. When b=0.8, the behavior of HANFO gunpowder is in the form of concave-up and ANFO explosives has the concave-down form in case of b=1.5. The analytical model provides efficient and highly accurate results rather than previous method which simulated the unconfined-rate-stick via the numerical means.

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Ethylcinnamate에 대한 Ethylmercaptan의 親核性 添加反應에 관한 연구 (The Kinetics and Mechanism of Nucleophilic Addition of Ethylmercaptan to Ethylcinnamate)

  • 권기성;김태린
    • 대한화학회지
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    • 제13권4호
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    • pp.289-296
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    • 1969
  • Ethylcinnamate에 대한 ethylmercaptan의 첨가반응속도상수를 idodometry로 측정하여 넓은 pH범위에서 잘 맞는 속도식을 구하였다. 이 식에 의하면 pH3이하에서는 ethymercaptan분자가 첨가하여 pH7이상에서는 ethylmercaptide ion이 첨가함을 알 수있고 pH3-7사이에서 일어나는 복잡한 첨가반응 메카니즘도 이식으로 잘 설명될 수 있음을 알았다.

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온수의 표면방출에 의한 2차원 비정상 난류 열확산 의 예측 (Prediction of 2-Dimensional Unsteady Thermal Discharge into a Reservoir)

  • 박상우;정명균
    • 대한기계학회논문집
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    • 제7권4호
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    • pp.451-460
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    • 1983
  • Computational four-equation turbulence model is developed and is applied to predict twodimensional unsteady thermal surface discharge into a reservoir. Turbulent stresses and heat fluxes in the momentum and energy equations are determined from transport equations for the turbulent kinetic energy (R), isotropic rate of kinetic energy dissipation (.epsilon.), mean square temperature variance (theta. over bar $^{2}$), and rate of destruction of the temperature variance (.epsilon. $_{\theta}$). Computational results by four-equation model are favorably compared with those obtained by an extended two-equation model. Added advantage of the four-equation model is that it yields quantitative information about the ratio between the velocity time scale and the thermal time scale and more detailed information about turbulent structure. Predicted time scale ratio is within experimental observations by others. Although the mean velocity and temperature fields are similarly predicted by both models, it is found that the four-equation model is preferably candidate for prediction of highly buoyant turbulent flows.

유출입의 원리에 의한 물질대사와 광합성능에 관한 동력학적 연구 (The Sigmoid Kinetics of Mass-action and Photosynthesis based on Influx and Efflux in a Plant Bio-system)

  • 장남기
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • 제1권1호
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    • pp.3-10
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    • 1977
  • The sigmoiod kinetics of mass-action in a biosystem have been studied by theoretical bases on the carrier hypothesis of influx and efflux of substrates. The sigmoid kinetic equations of assimilation and dissimilation rates indicate that each trophicfactor and each bio-factor behave according to the sigmoid kinetic equation and the bell shape case, and all of them are multiplicative. The general sigmoid kinetics of mass-action is given by the equation (30) which is determined by the total of the equation (28) of the assimilation rate and the equation (29) of the dissimilation rate. The sigmoid kinetic model of photosynthesis has been derived from the general equation of the sigmoid kinetics of mass-action.

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수중둔덕의 거동특성 해석을 위한 수학적 모형 (Mathematical Model for Analysis on the Behaviours of Submerged Mound Constructed by the Dredged Materials)

  • 최한규;이오성
    • 산업기술연구
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    • 제19권
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    • pp.391-402
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    • 1999
  • The numerical model predicting the behaviours of submerged mound constructed by dredged material is developed in this paper. The model is based on the Bailard's sediment transport formula, Stokes' second-order wave theory and the sediment balance equation. Nonlinear partial differential equation which is the same form as convection-dispersion equation which represents change of bed section can be obtained by substituting sediment transport equation for equation of sediment conservation. By this process, the analytical solution by which the characteristic of the behaviours of submerged mound can be estimated is derived by probably combining the convention coefficient and the dispersion coefficient governing the behaviours of submerged mound and the probability density function representing the wave characteristics. The validity of the analytical solution is verified by comparing the analytical solution which is assumed to estimate the movement rate submerged mound by bed-load with the field data of the past and its characteristic is analyzed quantitatively by obtaining the mean of the dispersion coefficient representing the extent of the decrease rate of the submerged mound height.

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이상난류제트 유동에서 고체입자 난류확산의 수치모델에 관한 연구 (Study on the numerical models of turbulent dispersion of solid particles in a two-phase turbulent jet flow)

  • 양선규;최영돈
    • 대한기계학회논문집
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    • 제11권1호
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    • pp.1-18
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    • 1987
  • 본 연구에서는 입자가 부상된 이상난류제트유동에 Einstein의 확산모형, Pes- kin모형, 3-방정식 모형, 4-방정식 모형, 대수응력모형 등을 적용하여 해석하고 각 모 형들의 결과를 비교 분석하였다. 이상난류유동의 수치해석에서 공기는 제1유체유동 으로 하고 첨가되는 고체분말의 흐름은 밀도(.rho.$_{p}$), 층류동점성계수(.nu.$_{p}$), 과점성계수(.nu.$_{pt}$ )를 갖는 제2유체유동의 흐름으로 간주하였다.

선반주축계의 동특성 향상에 관한 연구 -주축대와 베드의 보울트 결합을 중심으로- (A Study on the Improvement of Dynamic Characteristics of Spindle-Work System in Lathe - Focused on the Bolt Juint between Headstock and Bed -)

  • 신용호;박태원;홍동표;정인성
    • 대한기계학회논문집
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    • 제12권1호
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 1988
  • 본 연구에서는 컬럼모델을 보울트로 고정할 때 접합면에 알루미늄판, 황동판, 스테인리스판 등을 삽입하고 정적강성과 동적특성을 검토하여 이것을 기초로 공작물- 주축대-공구로 형성되고 있는 사이클중에서 선반의 주축대와 베드를 연결하는 결합부에 모델실험을 사용한 게재물을 삽입하고 선반구축계의 동적특성을 검토하였다.

Prediction of the dynamic flow stress

  • Alves, Marcilio
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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    • 제20권5호
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    • pp.495-504
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    • 2005
  • This article explores a constitutive equation that is able to correlate stress, strain and strain rate. In order to show the advantages of the constitutive equation here proposed and how its material parameters are obtained, data extracted from the literature, for materials as different as polymers and metallic alloys, are used. Finite element simulation of the impact behaviour of a beam is presented to highlight the care one needs to exercise when using the more traditional Cowper-Symonds equation. The present constitutive equation has shown to be accurate for a wide range of strains, stresses and strain rates.