• Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.21-24
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• 2004

Antibody based biosensors are very selective and ultra-sensitive. Antigen-antibody reactions have been used in immunoassays. In this research, a biosensor which uses antigen-antibody reaction was developed to measure and detect rat IgG. Because the antigen-antibody reaction is a physical bounding between antigen and antibody, there are several ways to measure an antigen-antibody reaction. Among the methods, impedance analysis has short measuring time and possibilities of analyzing various properties of the reaction using frequency analysis. Rat IgG could be detected with developed biosensor and impedance analyzer. The biosensor showed good repeatability and availability of detecting concentration changes of rat IgG.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.41-47
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• 1972

Fluorides were supposed to exert a stimulatory action on the catecholamine release. In this study, the authors attempted to investigate the action of sodium fluoride on the catecholamine release from the isolated perfused cow adrenal gland and rat heart. And also the inhibitory effect of sodium fluoride on the monoamine oxidase activity in rat heart and liver mitochondria was investigated. The monoamine oxidase activity was measured by the conversion of benzylamine to benzaldehyde. The results obtained were follows; 1. Sodium fluoride stimulated the release of catecholamine from the isolated perfused cow adrenal gland and rat heart. 2. Sodium fluoride inhibited the rat heart and liver mitochondrial monoamine oxidase activity.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.27 no.9
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• pp.892-900
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• 1994

A variety of important roles for branched-chain amino acids in metabolic regulation has been suggested. Branched-chain $\alpha$-keto acid dehydrogenase(BCKAD) complex is a rate limiting enzyme in branched-chain amino acid metabolism. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of exercise on the activity and activity state of branched-chain $\alpha$-keto acid dehydrogenase in rat hert and liver thssues. Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned into three experimental groups : sedentary control, exercised, or exercised-rested. Submaximal exercise(running) for two hours significantly increased basal activity without a change in total activity in both tissues, with a concomitiant increase in activity state of the enzyme complex. At 10 min post-exercise, heart enzyme activity significantly decreased, though not to the control level, while liver enzyme activity remained unchanged. These data suggested that the exercise-induced increase in branched-chain $\alpha$-keto acid decarboxylation in rat tissues may not be the result of enzyme synthesis, but rather is due to increased activity of the BCKAD.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2001.09a
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• pp.76-81
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• 2001

This paper place the focus the development of treadmill for rat in order to verify the effectiveness of exercise therapy. Up to now, in many medical laboratories treadmill have had to be remodeled for experiments with animal. Thus, it is necessary to develop the treadmills for animals only including rats. The treadmill has a DC motor which can make 600 revolutions per minute(600 RPM) and tension of the belt of the treadmill can be adjusted to prevent shift of the belt to any side. Velocity can be selected from 10m to 30m per minute increasing by 1m. The motor is controled by pulse width modulation(PWM) control mode using a 8bit microprocessor. In the future, the roller and motor need to be combined for improvement of stability and decrease of noise.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.17-22
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• 1974

The G-6-PD (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) activity, the first step in the pentose phosphate shunt, of rat livers during prenatal and pstnatal development in different sexes was studied. The enzyme activity is very high (54.2 units) at 16 days of embryo ad then decreases to a low level (17.6 units) at 13days after birth. There are significant increase between 13 and 15 days of age and continuously increases to the level of 53.2 units at 19days of age. The G-6-PD activity in female rat livers was slightly higher than in males.

• BMB Reports
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.12-16
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• 1995

The branched-chain ${\alpha}$-keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKAD) complex is a rate limiting enzyme which catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of branched-chain ${\alpha}$-keto acids. Numerous studies have suggested that BCKAD is subject to covalent modification in vitro via phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, which are catalyzed by a specific kinase and phosphatase, respectively. The biggest difficulty in the assay of BCKAD activity is to arrest the interconversion between the active and inactive forms. BCKAD activity was determined from fresh rat heart and liver tissues using homogenizing and assay buffers containing inhibitors of phosphatase and kinase. The results suggest that a radiochemical assay using ${\alpha}$-keto[1-$^{14}C$]-isovalerate as a substrate for the enzyme can be applied as a reliable method to determine in vitro enzyme activity with arrested interconversion between the active and inactive forms of the BCKAD complex.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.34 no.4 s.135
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• pp.314-317
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• 2003

Inhibitory effects of the whole extract and isolated compounds from the leaves of Vaccinium koreanum (Ericaceae) on rat lens aldose reductase (RLAR) and on platelet aggregation were investigated for the prevention or the treatment of chronic diabetic complications. Arbutin, isolated from n-butanol fraction of methanol extract, exhibited a potent inhibitory effects on rat platelet aggregation induced by ADP $(IC_{50}=0.12\;{\mu}M)$ and collagen $(IC_{50}=0.039\;{\mu}M)$ and showed same inhibitory activities with positive control, tetramethylene glutaric acid, on RLAR.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.200-207
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• 2000

This study was conducted to investigate the nutritional constituents of pine pollen and the effects of pine pollen on rat liver. Using the chemical components analysis method, the constituents of pine pollen are crude protein(13.97%). crude lipid (6.50%), crude ash (3.25%). Detectable in pine pollen are main fatty acids and non-essential amino acids such as glutamic acid and aspartic acid such as oleic and linoleic acid and 18kinds of amino acid including essential amino acids. The effects of pine pollen on rat liver fed with a high fat diet for 6 weeks showed significant decrease in total lipid and triglyceride as compared with the group fed with a fat diet only. Total cholesterol content decreased by 20.33%. No significant difference was found in total protein content of each group. Pine pollen Is efficacious in preventing geriatric diseases (arteriosclerosis, hyper-lipidemia and cardiovascular system-related diseases).

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.29-42
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• 2001

We had prepared MLV liposome with Hibiscus Esculentus Ext.(HEE) which have fluorescent light in order to evaluate its percutaneous absorption about hairless rat skin. Then we investigated particle size of MLV using confocal laser scanning microscope(CLSM) and transmission electron microscope(TEM), respectively. Stability of MLV liposome and penetration of MLV liposome to hairless rat skin was measured by CLSM. As a result of experiments, MLV was globular shape and the rage of particle size was 0.3-0.5$\mu\textrm{m}$ mostly. Cream-type MLV had high stability comparatively. When we treated with MLV to rat skin, skin penetration was enhanced, especially, the optimum concentration of MLV on penetration to rat skin was 10%. Optimum penetration time was 6hr-12hr. And MLV-type HEE was more effective on percutaneous absorption than HEE-cream or liposome-type HEE.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.78-85
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• 1994

Sodium arsenite ($NaAsO_2$) was injected to the rat subcutaneously for the study of the acute toxicity of arsenite on hepatocytes, and the effects of pretreatment of arsenite and glutathione on the lethalty of the arsenite treated rats. Arsenite treated rat hepatocytes showed vacuolated cytosol and shrinked nuclear and expanded perinuclear space and cytoplasmic membrane whirl. Rats pretreated with BSO (L-Buthionine-SR-Sulfoximine), less survived than arsenite treated alone. It means that glutathione acts as a protecting agent against the arsenite. Subcutaneous sublethal dose (10mg/kg body weight) treatment was showed the protecting activity to lethality of lethal dose (15mg/kg body weight) treated rat. 10mg/kg body weight sublethal dose effects appeared in six hours intervals of between treatments.