• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.275-285
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• 2005

본 연구는 ipriflavone(isopropoxysioflavone)의 투여가 백서 두개관세포의 증식과 골조직 개조에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 시도되었다. 태령 20-21일째의 백서 두개관세포를 분리 배양한 후, $10^{-9}M$부터 $10^{-5}M$까지 농도의 ipriflavone을 투여하고 1일째와 3일째에 MTT분석을 시행하여 흡광도를 평가한 결과, 모든 농도에서 백서 두개관세포의 증식을 보이지 않았다. 한편 골조직 개조에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 14일째에 alizarin red 염색을 시행하여, 형성된 석회화 결절 면적을 측정하였을 때, $10^{-8}M,\;10^{-7}M,\;10^-6}M$농도를 투여한 경우 석회화 결절 형성이 유의하게 증가하였다 골아세포의 분화에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 ipriflavone을 투여하고 7일째와 14일째에 추출한 RNA를 역전사 중합효소 연쇄반응(RT-PCR)을 시켜 bone sialoprotein(BSP), type I collagen(COL I) osteocalcin (OCN) 유전자 발현을 관찰한 결과 BSP와 COL I 유전자는 배양 7일째 높은 발현을 보였고, OCN 유전자는 배양 14일째 높은 발현을 보였다. 이상의 연구결과 ipriflavone이 백서 두개관세포에서 석회화를 촉진시키고 골아세포의 분화에 관여하는 BSP, COL I 및 OCN 유전자 발현을 증가시켜 골조직의 개조를 빠르게 할 수 있음을 시사하였다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.759-769
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• 2004

Periodontal therapy has dealt primarily with attempts at arresting progression of disease, however, more recent techniques have focused on regenerating the periodontal ligament having the capacity to regenerate the periodontium. The effect of chitosan, a carbohydrate biopolymer extracted from chitin, on periodontal ligament regeneration is of particular interest. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of chitosan on the expression of extracellular matrix proteins in primary rat calvarial cells in Vitro. In the control group, cells was cultured with BGjb media. In the experimental groups, cells were cultured with chitosan in concentration of 0.01, 0.1, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/ml. Then each group was characterized by examining alkaline phosphatase activity at 3 and 7 days, and the ability to produce mineralized nodules of rat calvarial cells at 14 and 21 days. Synthesis of type I collagen (COL-I), osteocalcin (OCN), bone sialoprotein (BSP) was evaluated by RT-PCR at 14 days. The results were as follows: 1. Alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly higher in the concentration of chitosan 0.01mg/ml, 0.1mg/ml and 1.0mg/ml compared to control (p<0.05). 2. The percentage of mineralized bone nodule was more in the concentration of chitosan 0.1mg/ml and 1.0mg/ml than the control. 3. At 14 day culture, the expression of OCN was increased by chitosan in concentration of 1.0 mg/ml and 2.0 mg/ml. These results suggested that chitosan in concentration of 0.1 and 1,0 mg/ml stimulate the extracellular matrix of primary rat calvarial cells and may facilitate the formation of bone.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.359-365
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the ability of Mineral trioxide aggregate(MTA) to support osteoclastic differentiation from fetal rat calvarial cell. Methods: In this study, response of IL-6, RANKL, and OPG in fetal rat calvarial cells stimulated with IL-$1{\beta}$ on MTA was evaluated by ELISA and RT-PCR. Results: The results were as follows; there was no significant difference between glass and MTA at 5days. In ELISA analysis, Glass group and MTA group showed similar IL-6 expression, Glass+IL-$1{\beta}$ group and MTA+IL-$1{\beta}$ group showed similar IL-6 expression. In RT-PCR analysis, Glass group and MTA group showed similar IL-6, RANKL, OPG mRNA expression, MTA+IL-$1{\beta}$ group and Glass+IL-$1{\beta}$ group showed 3 fold increase of IL-6 and RNAKL mRNA expression when compared with MTA group. All groups showed similar OPG mRNA expression. Conclusions: MTA does not suppress cell proliferation and increase the proinflammatory cytokine that induce osteoclastogenesis. Thus, MTA is biocompatible material that could be used in various clinical conditions.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.15-28
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• 2016

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of water extract of Samki-eum Gamibang (SKG) on osteoblast proliferation in murine calvarial cells. Methods : The osteoblast separated from calvariae of murine was cultivated and evaluated the function of cell. After the addition of SKG on the culture medium, we investigated the effect of SKG on the cell viability, cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, bone matrix protein synthesis and collagen synthesis of the cultivated osteoblast.Results : SKG increased the survival rate and proliferation of rat calvarial osteoblast. SKG increased ALP activity, bone matrix protein synthesis and collagen synthesis of rat calvarial osteoblast. Conclusions : This study suggests that SKG has effect on glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) resulting from increase of osteoblast function.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.771-780
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• 2004

Chronic exposure to high levels of manganese (Mn) leads a pronounced and debilitating disorder known as manganism. Research on the toxic manifestation of manganese have focused primarily on its neurological effects because exposure to high levels of the metal produces a distinct and irreversible extrapyramidal dysfunction resembling the dystonic movements associated with Parkinson's physiological and biochemical systems in the body. The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of Mn on mineralization in primary rat calvarial cells. The experimental groups were in concentration of 0, 10, 30 and 60 ${\mu}M$. The results were as follows: 1. ALP activity was decreased in concentration of 30 and 60 ${\mu}M$ (p<0.01). 2. Bone nodule formation was depressed in concentration of 30 and 60 ${\mu}M$ at day 14 and 21 (p<0.01). 3. RT-PCR results showed an altered expression of bone matrix proteins. These result suggested that manganese might decrease or alter the expression of the osteoblast phenotype.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.42-51
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• 2020

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of cetirizine, a histamine 1 receptor antagonist, on bone remodeling after calvarial suture expansion. Methods: Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups; the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-injected no expansion group, cetirizine-injected no expansion group, PBS-injected expansion group, and cetirizine-injected expansion group, and were observed at 7, 14, and 28 days. Five rats per group were examined at each observation day. Daily injections of cetirizine or PBS were administered to the relevant groups starting 2 weeks prior to expander insertion. A rapid expander was inserted in the calvarial bone to deliver 100 cN of force to the parietal suture. The specimens were prepared for hematoxylin and eosin and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. Suture opening and bone regeneration were evaluated using microcomputed tomography and bone histomorphometric analysis. Serum blood levels of osteocalcin and carboxy-terminal collagen crosslinks (CTX) were also evaluated. Results: TRAP-positive cell counts and CTX levels decreased while osteocalcin levels increased in the cetirizine-injected expansion group at observation day 28. In the expansion groups, the mineralized area gradually increased throughout the observation period. At day 28, the cetirizine-injected expansion group showed greater bone volume density, greater mineralized area, and narrower average suture width than did the PBS-injected expansion group. Conclusions: Cetirizine injection facilitated bone formation after suture expansion, mostly by suppressing osteoclastic activity. Histamine 1 receptor antagonists may aid in bone formation after calvarial suture expansion in the rat model.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.457-474
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• 2003

The ultimate objective of periodontal treatment is to get rid of an on-going periodontal disease and further regenerate the supporting tissue, which is already destroyed, functionally. Currently, the bone grafting operation using various kinds of bone grafting materials and the operation for induced regeneration of periodontal tissue using the blocking membrane are performed for regeneration of the destroyed periodontal tissue. However, there are respective limitations Galenical preparations, which are used for regeneration of periodontal of tissue, has less risk of rejective reaction or toxicity that may be incidental to degradation and their effect is sustainable. Thus, in case they are applicable to a clinic, they can he used economically. Chitosan has such compatibility, biological actions including antibacterial activity, acceleration of wound treatment, etc., and excellent mechanical characteristics, which has recently aroused more interest in it. Also, it has been reported that it promotes osteogenesis directly or indirectly by functioning as a matrix to promote migration and differentiation of a specific precussor cell (for example, osteoblast) and further inhibiting the function of such a cell as fibroblast to prevent osteogenesis. In this study, the pure chitosan solution, which was obtained by purifying chitosan, was used. However, since this chitosan is of a liquiform, it is difficult to sustain it in a defective region. It is, therefore, essential to use a carrier for delivering chitosan to, and sustaining it gradually in the defective region. In the calvarial defect model of the Sprague-Dawley rat, it is relatively easy to maintain a space. Therefore, in this study, the chitosan solution with which ACS was wetted was grafted onto the defective region, For an experimental model, a calvarial defect of rat m s selected, and a critical size of the defective region was a circular defect with a diameter of 8 mm. A group in which no treatment was conducted for the calvarial defect was set as a negative control group. Another group in which treatment was conducted with ACS only was set as a positive control group (ACS group). And another group in which treatment was conducted was conducted with by grafting the pure chitosan solution onto the defective region through ACS which was wetted with the chitosan solution was set an experimental group (Chitosan/ACS group). Chitosan was applied to the Sprague-Dawley rat's calvarial bone by applying ACS which was wetted with the chitosan solution, and each Sprague-Dawley rat was sacrificed respectively 2 weeks and 8 weeks after the operation for such application. Then, the treatment results were compared and observed histologically and his tometrically. Thereby, the following conclusions were obtained. 1. In the experimental group, a pattern was shown that from 2 weeks after the operation, vascular proliferation proceeded and osteogenesis proceeded through osteoblast infiltration, and at 8 week after the operation, ACS was almost absorbed, the amount of osteogensis was increased and many osteoid tissue layers were observed. 2. At 2 weeks after the operation, each amount of osteogenesis appeared to be 8.70.8 %, 13.62.3 % and 4.80.7 % respectively in the experimental group, the positive control group and the negative control group. Accordingly, it appeared to be higher in the Experimental group and the positive control group than in the negative control group, but there was no significant difference statistically (p<0.01). 3. At 8 weeks after the operation, each amount of osteogenesis appeared to be 62.26.1%, 17.42.5 % and 8.21.4 % respectively in the experimental group, the positive control group and the negative control group. Accordingly, it appeared to be substantially higher in the experimental group than in the positive control group and the negative control group, and there was a significant difference statistically (p<0.01). As a result of conducting the experiment, when ACS was used as a carrier for chitosan, chitosan showed effective osteogenesis in the perforated defective region of the Sprague-Dawley rat's calvarial bone.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.499-518
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• 2003

The surface characteristics of titanium have been shown to have an important role in contact ossseointegration around the implant. Anodizing at high voltage produces microporous structure and increases thickness of surface titanium dioxide layer. The aim of present study was to analyse the response of rat calvarial osteoblast cell to commercially pure titanium and Ti-6A1-4V anodized in 0.06 mol/l ${\beta}$-glycerophosphate and 0.03 mol/l sodium acetate. In this study, rat calvarial osteoblasts were used to assay for cell viability and cell proliferation on the implant surface at 1,2,4,7 days. 1. Surface roughness was 1.256${\mu}m$ at 200V, and 1.745${\mu}m$ at 300V. 2. The thickness of titanium oxide layer was increased 1 ${\mu}m$ with the increase of 50V. 3. The proliferation rate of osteoblastic cells was increased with the increase of the surface roughness and the thickness of titanium oxide layer. 4. There was no difference in cell viability and cell proliferation between commercially pure titanium and Ti-6A1-4V anodized at the same condition. In conclusion, the titanium surface modified by anodizing was biocompatible, produced enhanced osteoblastic response. The reasons of enhanced osteoblast response might be due to reduced metal ion release by thickened and stabilized titanium dioxide layer and microporous rough structures.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.791-805
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of DFPR on differentiation of mouse calvarial cell in vitro, to examine the possibility for periodontal regeneration. $10{\mu}g/ml$ of DFPR was used as experimental concentration. osteogenic medium only was assigned as control, Experimental 1 was supplemented with 10nM dexamethasone, Experimental 2 with $10{\mu}g/ml$ DFPR and Experimental 3 with l0nM dexamethasone + $10{\mu}g/ml$ DFPR. cellular activity was evaluated by MTT method at 8, 12, 16 days, expression of mRNA of ALP, osteopontin, osteocalcin, collagen type-l was detected by RT-PCR method at 4, 8, 12, 16 days of culture. extent of mineralization was observed by Von Kossa staining at 16 day of culture. The results are as follows 1)Any acceleration of differentiation was not observed at expression of differentiation marker, 2) Decrease in expression of extracelluar matrix and in bone nodule formation was observed The results suggested that DFPR have negative effect on the rate of differentiation on rat calvarial cell, decrease extracelluar matrix formation ,decrease bone nodule formation. Ongoing studies are necessary in order to determine effect of DFPR on periodontal regeneration.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.19-30
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• 2006

It is well known that glucocorticoid may induce osteoporosis as its side effect in long-term therapy. The inhibition of osteoblast by glucocorticoid is also recognized as its action mechanism of decreased bone formation. In this study, the effect of DSG, Danchisoyosangamibang, on the differentiation and function of osteoblastic cells was investigated. The osteoblastic cells were isolated from rat calvariae using collagenase treatment. The cell counting, enzyme activity assay, MTT assay, collagen content assay were done to determine the cell proliferation, intracellular alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, bone martrix production, and cell apoptosis. DSG enhanced the cell proliferation after the culture for 10 days. ALP activity and total protein synthesis, and intracelluar collagen synthesis were increased time dependently when the cells were treated with DSG in the presence of dexamethasone. And, DSG restored calvarial cell function decreased by dexamethasone.