• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.348-352
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• 2018

A multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (mRT-PCR) assay was developed for the detection of Clover yellow vein virus (ClYVV), Peanut mottle virus (PeMoV), and Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), which were recently reported to infect soybean and azuki bean in Korea. Species-specific primer sets were designed for the detection of each virus, and their specificity and sensitivity were tested using mixed primer sets. From among the designed primer sets, two combinations were selected and further evaluated to estimate the detection limits of uniplex, duplex, and multiplex RT-PCR. The multiplex RT-PCR assay could be a useful tool for the field survey of plant viruses and the rapid detection of ClYVV, PeMoV, and TSWV in leguminous plants.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2014.05a
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• pp.752-754
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• 2014

With the rapid development of the portable devices such as laptops, cell phones, digital devices, the important of the secondary battery is increasing. In recent years, semiconductor industries, display technologies, and secondary batteries are believed to be three core business. In particular, smart phones have higher performances, but secondary batteries are not follow the trends. Recently, the stability problem by battery heat is raised. In this paper, we survey technology trends of the secondary battery and protection circuit.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.216-224
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• 2021

Aim of this research was to classify forest types at Wando in Jeonnam Province and develop warm temperate forest management system with application of Remote Sensing and GIS. Another emphasis was given to the analysis of satellite images to compare forest type changes over 10 year periods from 2009 to 2019. We have accomplished this study by using ArcGIS Pro and ENVI. For this research, Landsat satellite images were obtained by means of terrestrial, airborne and satellite imagery. Based on the field survey data, all land uses and forest types were divided into 5 forest classes; Evergreen broad-leaved forest, Evergreen Coniferous forest, Deciduous broad-leaved forest, Mixed fores, and others. Supervised classification was carried out with a random forest classifier based on manually collected training polygons in ROI. Accuracy assessment of the different forest types and land-cover classifications was calculated based on the reference polygons. Comparison of forest changes over 10 year periods resulted in different vegetation biomass volumes, producing the loss of deciduous forests in 2019 probably due to the expansion of residential areas and rapid deforestation.

• Medical Lasers
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.138-145
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• 2021

Low-level laser therapy or photobiomodulation (LLLT/PBM) therapy has been widely applied to enhance and accelerate the recovery of oral mucositis. This study investigates the documented effect of LLLT on oral mucositis caused by chemotherapy. This review appraises 6 animal studies and 12 clinical studies published in the Pubmed database during the past 10 years, related to the application of LLLT for the treatment of mucositis. Despite varied parameters and diverse conditions, the assessed articles indicate that application of LLLT on oral mucositis using near-infrared wavelengths is prophylactic, reduces pain, and enables a rapid recovery. Various combined treatments were also identified among the published papers, which further establishes the efficacy of LLLT as a viable treatment.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.354-360
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• 2009

The demands for large-scale construction projects such as Mega-projects are largely increasing due to the rapid growth of increasing populations as well as the need to replace existing buildings and infrastructure. Increasing costs of materials, supplies, and labors require the first cost estimates at the preliminary planning stage to be as accurate as possible. This paper presents the results obtained from the survey on evaluating nine critical success factors that influence the accurate first cost estimates for large-scale projects from practical experiences. It then examines the current cost structures of construction companies for large-scale projects, followed by the causes for cost and schedule overrun. Twenty completed surveys were collected and the Analytic Hierarchy Process was applied to analyze the data. The results indicate that technology issues, the contract type, and social and environmental impacts are the significant leading factors for accurate first cost estimates of large-scale construction projects.

• Annual Conference of KIPS
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.842-845
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• 2009

Wireless ad hoc networks often suffer from rapidly degrading performance with the number of user increases in the network. One of the major reasons for this rapid degradation of performance is the fact that users are sharing a single channel. Obviously, the problem of using single shared channel schemes is that the probability of collision increases with the number of nodes. Fortunately, it is possible to solve this problem with multi-channel approaches. Due to the especial properties of multiple channels, using the multiple channels is more efficient than single channel because it enhances the capacity of the channel and reduces the error rate during data transmission. Some multi-channel schemes us one dedicated channel for control packets and one separate channel for data transmissions. On the other hand, another protocols use more than two channels for data transmissions. This paper summarizes six multiple channel protocols based on these two kinds of schemes. Then we compare them and discuss the research challenge of multiple channel protocols.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.1070-1075
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• 2005

The evaluation items to assess the consumer needs are thought to be varied depending on their age, education and income. It should be noted that consumer needs are getting too diversified to notice them in time due to the rapid economic, social and cultural development. It is, therefore, considered improper to try to assess the level of consumer satisfaction and correct consumer needs by employing one evaluation method for the vastly diversified consumer types. This research is going to conduct a written questionnaire survey to the apartment dwellers in order to identify like dweller groups according to their age, income and education. Then the scope of personal characteristics of each group will be identified and the importance assessment model will be developed. Then the items on the POE will be weighted according to the assessed importance. Finally a method of developing the customer satisfaction index will be produced to quantify how much the consumers are satisfied with the project.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.6 no.7
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• pp.151-158
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• 2016

The 21st century is an era of knowledge innovation. Under the era background of knowledge explosion and information explosion, the competition among countries is ultimately talent competition. High-end talents are the core element of national competitiveness. Today, with the rapid development of science and technology and knowledge changing with each passing day, the cultivation of students' creativity is the requirement of social development and national progress. This paper makes a comparison between the creativity of business school students in China and Korea with questionnaire survey. Empirical study and comparative study with university students by grade in China and Korea are performed. The test results indicates that there are differences between Korean and Chinese students. Also, university students' creativity are different by grade. This study finds internal reasons for creativity differences and puts forward counter measures and methods for improving students'creativity.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.381-388
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• 2023

Small-scale environmental impact assessments have limitations in terms of survey duration and evaluation resources, which can hinder the assessment and analysis of the current situation. In this study, we propose the use of drone technology during the environmental impact assessment process to supplement these limitations in the current situation analysis. Drone photography can provide rapid and accurate high-resolution images, allowing for the collection of various information about the target area. This information can include different types of data such as terrain, vegetation, landscape, and real-time 3D spatial information, which can be collected and processed using GIS software to understand and analyze the environmental conditions. In this study, we confirmed that terrain and vegetation analysis and prediction of the target area using drone photography and GIS analysis software is possible, providing useful information for environmental impact assessments.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 2022

A good story persuades people to act. The mobilizing power of a story, however, does not necessarily rely on informational fidelity. During political unrests, word-of-mouth can intermix facts with unverified claims and emotional outrage, often transforming reality into convincing rumor stories. This rapid communication article discusses how rumor publics (dis)approve and participate in 2019 Hong Kong Protests. This survey study finds that police injustice and brutality were the predominant themes of the collected rumor stories, although some stories contained mixed views or anti-protest claims. Rumors of police injustice and brutality were associated with less negative attitudes toward the protests, especially when respondents believed the story. The relationship between rumor stories and protest participation was less obvious, except for rumors about an individual protester's whereabout. This study discusses the ways in which rumor is embedded in contentious political processes.