• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.3 no.9
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• pp.361-368
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• 2014

The LPR(License plate recognition) system has been developed to efficient control for complex traffic environment and currently be used in many places. However, because of light, noise, background changes, environmental changes, damaged plate, it only works limited environment, so it is difficult to use in real-time. This paper presents a heuristic segmentation algorithm for robust to noise and illumination changes and introduce a real-time license plate recognition system using it. In first step, We detect the plate utilized Haar-like feature and Adaboost. This method is possible to rapid detection used integral image and cascade structure. Second step, we determine the type of license plate with adaptive histogram equalization, bilateral filtering for denoise and segment accurate character based on adaptive threshold, pixel projection and associated with the prior knowledge. The last step is character recognition that used histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) and multi-layer perceptron(MLP) for number recognition and support vector machine(SVM) for number and Korean character classifier respectively. The experimental results show license plate detection rate of 94.29%, license plate false alarm rate of 2.94%. In character segmentation method, character hit rate is 97.23% and character false alarm rate is 1.37%. And in character recognition, the average character recognition rate is 98.38%. Total average running time in our proposed method is 140ms. It is possible to be real-time system with efficiency and robustness.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.121-134
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• 2017

With rapid increasing the development and use of IoT Devices, requirements for safe IoT devices and services such as reliability, security are also increasing. In Security engineering, SDLC (Secure Development Life Cycle) is applied to make the trustworthy system. Secure Development Life Cycle has 4 big steps, Security requirements, Design, Implementation and Operation and each step has own goals and activities. Deriving security requirements, the first step of SDLC, must be accurate and objective because it affect the rest of the SDLC. For accurate and objective security requirements, Threat modeling is used. And the results of the threat modeling can satisfy the completeness of scope of analysis and the traceability of threats. In many countries, academic and IT company, a lot of researches about drawing security requirements systematically are being done. But in domestic, awareness and researches about deriving security requirements systematically are lacking. So in this paper, I described about method and process to drawing security requirements systematically by using threat modeling including DFD, STRIDE, Attack Library and Attack Tree. And also security requirements are described via Common Criteria for delivering objective meaning and broad use of them.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.1-22
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• 1970

Our fisheries protucts industry has developed rapidly during past 10 years ; production was about twice: fihing fleets increased twice in number and 3 times in tonnage ; export was 5 times. Govermment is trying to develop deep sea fisheries in order to surmount the depression of coast fisheries. At present more than 270 deep sea fishing boats are working with superior skill to other country at the South Pacific, the Atlantic, the Indian, and the North Pacific Ocean. Our deep sea fisheries is consisted of the tuna long line and the trawler. The tuna long line of them has 230 crafts in 1969 ana the deep sea trawler has 40 crafts, too. Comparing to 1962, the number of the deep sea fishing boats has been increased highly to 54 times, 7.71 times average per year increasing rate. The rate of the tuna long line to the trawler at the end of 1969 shows 85:15, More than half of them are 100~200 (equation omitted), if we classify them according to (equation omitted) or boat craft. 70% of them has less than 5 years ships age. The Korean Marine Industry Development Corporation has more than 1/3 fishing fleets, with 91 crafts, if We consider it according to corporation. Considering it according to the financial resources, dependence upon foreign loan is as high as 88%. Catches was 74, 450 M/T ($24, 663, 000)at the end of November in 1969 and it was increased to 113.5 times in catch amount and 118 times in value, comparing to those of 1962. Considering it according to the ocean, the order is arranged to the Pacific, the Atlantic, and the Indian Ocean. The average production amount of each craft is 250~400 S/T a year. The result of export took up 1/3 of total fisheries product export with $ 22, 398, 000 at the end of november in 1969. Employee cost of fishing coast is 8% higher than other fishing. The profit is highest in our fisheries. Most of the products except the trawler fishing are sofa at the fishing grounds to the processing company, and they lose much money. They buy most of bait from Japan, giving $8~10 for 1C/S(10kg). Fish price is $390~520 according to the kind of fish for S/T at the fishing grounds, and the rapid frozen fishes brought to Japan are about $ 800 for S/T. There is much difference. in price. Problems 1. Want of self capital. 2. To get the refrigeration boats enough. 3. International Fishing Regulation. 4. To get high price and to secure consuming grounds. 5. To get home-production of bait. 6. To exploit new fishing grounds. 7. To get larger boats. 8. To get mariner enough. When the problems mentioned above are solved, the Deep Sea Fisheries of oun courtry will be developed more largely.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.295-307
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• 2006

Styela clava, called non-native tunicate or sea squirt, is habitat which include bays and harbors in Korea and several sites in the sea faced world. We fabricate cellulose membrane nerve conduit (CMNC) from this native sea squirt skin, and evaluate the capacity of promoting peripheral nerve regeneration in the rat sciatic nerve defect model. After processing the pure cellulose membrane from the sea squirt skin as we already published before, CMNC was designed as a non-tubular sheet with 14 mm length and 4 mm width. Total eleven male Spraque-Dawley rats (12 weeks, weighing 250 to 300g) were divided into sham group (n=2), silicone tube grafted control group (n=3) and experimental group (n=6). Each CMNC grafted nerve was evaluated after 4, 8 and 12 weeks in the experimental group, and after 12 weeks, sciatic function was evaluated with sciatic function index (SFI) and gait analysis, and histomorphology of nerve conduit and the innervated tissues of sciatic nerve were all examined using image analyzer and electromicroscopic methods in the all groups. The regenerated axon and nerve sheath were found only in the inner surface of the CMNC after 4 weeks and became more thicker after 8 and 12 weeks. In the TEM study, CMNC grafted group showed more abundant organized myelinated nerve fibers with thickened extracellular matrix than silicone conduit grafted group after 12 weeks. The sciatic function index (SFI) and ankle stance angle (ASA) in the functional evaluation were $-47.2{\pm}3.9$, $35.5^{\circ}{\pm}4.9^{\circ}$ in CMNC grafted group (n=2) and $-80.4{\pm}7.4$, $29.2^{\circ}{\pm}5.3^{\circ}$ in silicone conduit grafted group (n=3), respectively. And the myelinated axon was 41.59% in CMNC group and 9.51% in silicone conduit group to the sham group. The development of a bioactive CMNC to replace autogenous nerve grafts offers a potential and available approach to improved peripheral nerve regeneration. As we already published before, small peptide fragment derived from the basement membrane matrix proteins of squirt skin, which is a kind of anchoring protein composed of glycocalyx, induced the effective axonal regeneration with rapid growth of Schwann cells beneath the inner surface of CMNC. So the possibilities of clinical application as a peripheral nerve regeneration will be able to be suggested.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.60-72
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• 2013

Rapid development of information and communication technologies leads firms to take 'smart work' into serious consideration as a new way of working in coming knowledge and information society. However, some jobs may be fit for smart work while some may be not. A $2{\times}2$ framework for smart work readiness assessment is developed in this study through the review of extant literature and a series of focus group activities. Two critical dimensions of smart work are derived and presented as a result: smartness (knowledge versus data) and mobility (mobile versus static). Knowledge intensive jobs with possible mobility seem to be the target group that can be easily converted to smart work while mobile workers with interactive data processing devices seem to be already doing smart work. As mobility is a critical presumption for work to be flexible in terms of time and place, jobs with no mobility are assessed here as not ready for smart work at least at present. This framework is experimentally applied against the published job statistics 2011 in Korea, and used to estimate the number of workers ready for smart work. As a conclusion, discussions on policy implications and further research issues are made at the end.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.21-31
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• 2002

This study applied each Neural Networks theory and Fuzzy Set theory to improve accuracy in remotely sensed images. Remotely sensed data have been used to map land cover. The accuracy is dependent on a range of factors related to the data set and methods used. Thus, the accuracy of maps derived from conventional supervised image classification techniques is a function of factors related to the training, allocation, and testing stages of the classification. Conventional image classification techniques assume that all the pixels within the image are pure. That is, that they represent an area of homogeneous cover of a single land-cover class. But, this assumption is often untenable with pixels of mixed land-cover composition abundant in an image. Mixed pixels are a major problem in land-cover mapping applications. For each pixel, the strengths of class membership derived in the classification may be related to its land-cover composition. Fuzzy classification techniques are the concept of a pixel having a degree of membership to all classes is fundamental to fuzzy-sets-based techniques. A major problem with the fuzzy-sets and probabilistic methods is that they are slow and computational demanding. For analyzing large data sets and rapid processing, alterative techniques are required. One particularly attractive approach is the use of artificial neural networks. These are non-parametric techniques which have been shown to generally be capable of classifying data as or more accurately than conventional classifiers. An artificial neural networks, once trained, may classify data extremely rapidly as the classification process may be reduced to the solution of a large number of extremely simple calculations which may be performed in parallel.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.9C no.1
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• pp.107-114
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• 2002

In these days, rapid advances of the computer system and the high speed network have made the multimedia services popularized among various applications and services in the internet. Internet live broadcasting, a part of multimedia services, makes it possible to provide not only existing broadcasting services including audio and video but also interactive communications which also expand application scopes by freeing from both temporal and spatial limitation. In the Paper, an interned Personal-live broadcasting server system is developed by allowing individual users to actively create or join live-broadcasting services with such basic multimedia devices as a PC camera and a sound card. As the number of broadcasters and participants increases, concurrent multiple channels are established and groups are to be expanded. The system should also guarantee High Availability (HA) for continuous services even in the presence of partial failure of the cluster. Furthermore, a transmission mode switching is supported to consider network environments in the user system.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.121-134
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• 1998

In this study, the satellite images and the GIS technique are used to select the basin characteristics parameters as the basis of water resources management of river basin. The study area is Geum-ho river basin and the hydrologic characteristics data are computed through the database of the basin characteristics parameters classified by subjects with 35 maps correspond to the study basin of 1:25,000 scale as the basic map. As the result, the drawing up of land use map through satellite image processing that provides the quantitative informations for the land is very efficient to analysis the extensive land use information of the basin, and exact analysis of mass surface data is possible and the feasibility of statistic computation between spatial subjects as it superpose on other subject map is ascertained. It is thought also that the analysis of the basin characteristics data can be utilized very effectively for the basin management and the analysis of basin surface area, once it is expressed numerically for database, since the superposition analysis with different subject map and the correlative analysis with the property data are possible although the tracing process of each subject in the basic map is not efficient. Especially, modification and renewal of the data for the change of land surface become easy, therefore more rapid and exact selection of the basin characteristics data and the construction of more efficient basin management plan are possible.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.18C no.3
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• pp.135-142
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• 2011

Recently, the strategy for N-screen service is in the spotlight along with the consumer's need to use contents regardless of time and place due to the rapid development of communication technology, which is meshing with the desire of service providers seeking a new business model. N-screen, as a screen-extension-concept service which enables consumers to continuously share and use contents in various equipments such as TV, computer and portable terminals, is an advanced type of 3-screen service strategy initially proposed by AT&T, an American telecommunication company. In the N-screen service for pay-contents, in order to support continuous screen changes to and from various equipments, temporary watching right should be given to the equipment intended for screen change. However, it is impossible to give the temporary watching right in the present broadcasting environment, adopting an access-control system. In this paper, the access-control technology being used for pay-contents in the present broadcasting environment and the reason for not being able to give temporary watching right, will be examined. After the examination, the solution for delegation of watching right by using an additional key on the basis of currently used access-control technology, will be proposed.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.27 no.12
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• pp.705-709
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• 2017

The electronic and optical characteristics of molybdenum disulphide ($MoS_2$) film significantly vary with its thickness, and thus a rapid and accurate estimation of the number of $MoS_2$ layers is critical in practical applications as well as in basic researches. Various existing methods are currently available for the thickness measurement, but each has drawbacks. Transmission electron microscopy allows actual counting of the $MoS_2$ layers, but is very complicated and requires destructive processing of the sample to the point where it will no longer be useable after characterization. Atomic force microscopy, particularly when operated in the tapping mode, is likewise time-consuming and suffers from certain anomalies caused by an improperly chosen set point, that is, free amplitude in air for the cantilever. Raman spectroscopy is a quick characterization method for identifying one to a few layers, but the laser irradiation causes structural degradation of the $MoS_2$. Optical microscopy works only when $MoS_2$ is on a silicon substrate covered with $SiO_2$ of 100~300 nm thickness. The last two optical methods are commonly limited in resolution to the micrometer range due to the diffraction limits of light. We report here a method of measuring the distribution of the number of $MoS_2$ layers using a low voltage field emission electron microscope with acceleration voltages no greater than 1 kV. We found a linear relationship between the FESEM contrast and the number of $MoS_2$ layers. This method can be used to characterize $MoS_2$ samples at nanometer-level spatial resolution, which is below the limits of other methods.