• Title/Summary/Keyword: rapid assessment method

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COVID-19 International Collaborative Research by the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service Using Its Nationwide Real-world Data: Database, Outcomes, and Implications

  • Rho, Yeunsook;Cho, Do Yeon;Son, Yejin;Lee, Yu Jin;Kim, Ji Woo;Lee, Hye Jin;You, Seng Chan;Park, Rae Woong;Lee, Jin Yong
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.54 no.1
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    • pp.8-16
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    • 2021
  • This article aims to introduce the inception and operation of the COVID-19 International Collaborative Research Project, the world's first coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) open data project for research, along with its dataset and research method, and to discuss relevant considerations for collaborative research using nationwide real-world data (RWD). COVID-19 has spread across the world since early 2020, becoming a serious global health threat to life, safety, and social and economic activities. However, insufficient RWD from patients was available to help clinicians efficiently diagnose and treat patients with COVID-19, or to provide necessary information to the government for policy-making. Countries that saw a rapid surge of infections had to focus on leveraging medical professionals to treat patients, and the circumstances made it even more difficult to promptly use COVID-19 RWD. Against this backdrop, the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) of Korea decided to open its COVID-19 RWD collected through Korea's universal health insurance program, under the title of the COVID-19 International Collaborative Research Project. The dataset, consisting of 476 508 claim statements from 234 427 patients (7590 confirmed cases) and 18 691 318 claim statements of the same patients for the previous 3 years, was established and hosted on HIRA's in-house server. Researchers who applied to participate in the project uploaded analysis code on the platform prepared by HIRA, and HIRA conducted the analysis and provided outcome values. As of November 2020, analyses have been completed for 129 research projects, which have been published or are in the process of being published in prestigious journals.

A Study on rapid evaluation of reliability for acyclic non-linear graph (Acyclic non-linear graph의 빠른 신뢰도 계산방법에 관한 연구)

  • 이광원;이현규
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.136-144
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    • 1998
  • FTA is the most commonly used method among quantitative safety assessment. In case that the observing system become larger, a lot of terms should be calculated to accomplish FTA through complicated process. Many methods have been tried to reduce time, one of tries is How to calculate the reliability using graph theory after changing W to graph. This paper suggests an algorithm that can calculate more rapidly reliability and outset of system expressed by non-linear graph as like as FTA or CCA.

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A rapid assessment methodology for bridges damaged by truck strikes

  • Stull, C.J.;Earls, C.J.
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • v.9 no.3
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    • pp.223-237
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    • 2009
  • The present research aims to develop a methodology to rapidly assess bridges with damage to the superstructure, caused by overheight trucks or lower-than-average overhead clearance. Terrestrial laser scanning and image processing techniques are combined with the finite element method to arrive at an analytical model which is more accurate, with respect to the complex geometrical aspects of the bridge in its damaged configuration. ""Virtual load testing"" may subsequently be carried out on this analytical model to determine the reserve capacity of the structure in an objective manner.

Characteristics and Function Assessment of Inland Wetlands in Chungnam Province (충청남도 내륙습지 특성 및 기능평가)

  • Park, Mi Ok;Koo, Bon Hak;Kim, Ha Na
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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    • v.12 no.5
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    • pp.92-100
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    • 2009
  • This study was surveyed from May to October, 2008 in order to classify type distribution and evaluate the function of inland wetland as a ecological axis in Chungnam province. Assessment was done by modified-RAM (Rapid Assessment Method). RAM is consisted of total 8 functions and divided into high, moderate, low. The conservation grade of RAM is divided into 4 grades; absolute conservation, conservation, improvement and restoration. Throughout survey on total 13 wetlands of Lacustrine, Palustrine wetland which are distributed in Chungnam province, their function was assessed. As result, the 2 wetlands were judged as absolute conservation grade by assessment of 8 functional contents, and 7 sites were improvement wetlands and 4 sites were conservation wetlands. The function of wetlands assessed as conservation grade showed high in water quality protection and improvement. Also, showed high in vegetation diversity, wildlife habitat and aesthetic recreation. Meanwhile, showed low in Water quality purification, Shoreline/Stream Bank Protection. Of wetlands evaluated as conservation grade, Jeong-juk Ji and Dun-ri reservoir were assessed as absolute conservative area. These wetlands are essential to be managed continuously as a area having high ecological value. Farther, these wetlands will be done as a axis of ecological network related to 'Kumbuk jeongmaek' ecosystem.

A Review of Stream Assessment Methodologies and Restoration: The Case of Virginia, USA

  • Bender, Shera M.;Ahn, Chang-Woo
    • Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.69-79
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    • 2011
  • Rapid population growth and land use changes have severely degraded streams across the United States. In response, there has been a surge in the number of stream restoration projects, including stream restoration for mitigation purposes. Currently, most projects do not include evaluation and monitoring, which are critical in the success of stream restoration projects. The goal of this study is to review the current status of assessment methodologies and restoration approaches for streams in Virginia, with the aim of assisting the restoration community in making sound decisions. As part of the study, stream restoration projects data from a project in Fairfax County, Virginia was assessed. This review revealed that the stream assessment methodologies currently applied to restoration are visuallybased and do not include biological data collection and/or a method to incorporate watershed information. It was found from the case study that out of the twenty nine restoration projects that had occurred between 1995 and 2003 in Fairfax County, nineteen projects reported bank stabilization as a goal or the only goal, indicating an emphasis on a single physical component rather than on the overall ecological integrity of streams. It also turned out that only seven projects conducted any level of monitoring as part of the restoration, confirming the lack of evaluation and monitoring. However, Fairfax County has recently improved its stream restoration practices by developing and incorporating watershed management plans. This now provides one of the better cases that might be looked upon by stakeholders when planning future stream restoration projects.

Development of Scenario and Evaluation on the Implementation of Head Trauma Simulation (두부손상 시물레이션 시나리오 개발 및 수행평가)

  • Baek, Mi-Lye
    • The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.55-66
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    • 2011
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a scenario and evaluate the performance of paramedic students in head trauma simulation education. Method: This study selected a refined head trauma scenario that was developed by graduate students during class from september to November, 2010. Evaluation on implementation of head trauma simulation was conducted on seventeen paramedic students divided into four groups during November, 2010. Results: 1. The head trauma scenario was developed according to the patient assessment for approximately 10 minutes. It contained scene size-up, initial assessment and intervention, rapid trauma assessment and intervention, and decision of transfer. 2. The average time turned out to be 9 min and 36 sec after simulation learning. Total mean score in simulation performance was 2.20, the highest score was 2.44 in initial assessment and intervention, and the lowest score was 1.5 in decision of transfer. 3. Confidence mean was high with the score of 1.0. Conclusion: The finding of this study demonstrate that the simulation education can improve problem-solving ability and critical thinking, and increase the confidence in prehospital emergency care; therefore, simulation may be the new effective paramedic education strategy and simulation learning is needed for further development of various scenarios.

Numerical Analysis of CO2-Based Rapid Mold Cooling Technology (CO2 기반 금형 급속 냉각기술의 수치해석적 연구 )

  • Jae Hyuk Choi
    • Design & Manufacturing
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.61-66
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    • 2023
  • In this study, we developed a simulation methodology for a technology that rapidly cools molds by directly spraying them with CO2 in its liquefied gaseous state. Initially, a simulation verification process was conducted using ANSYS Fluent's heat transfer analysis based on temperature values measured in prior research experiments, ensuring a comparable temperature could be calculated. Subsequently, the validated analysis method was employed to evaluate design factors that exert the most significant influence on cooling. An evaluation was conducted based on three factors: part thickness, mold thickness, and the melting temperature of material. Using a full factorial design approach, a total of 27 analyses were completed and subsequently calculated through analysis of means. The impact assessment was carried out based on the temperature values at the product's core. The results indicated that the thickness of the mold had the highest influence, while the melting temperature of material had the least.

APPLICATION OF WHOLE BODY COUNTER TO NEUTRON DOSE ASSESSMENT IN CRITICALITY ACCIDENTS

  • Kurihara, O.;Tsujimura, N.;Takasaki, K.;Momose, T.;Maruo, Y.
    • Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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    • v.26 no.3
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    • pp.249-253
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    • 2001
  • Neutron dose assessment in criticality accidents using Whole Body Counter (WBC) was proved to be an effective method as rapid neutron dose estimation at the JCO criticality accident in Tokai-mura. The 1.36MeV gamma-ray of $^{24}Na$ in a body can be detected easily by a germanium detector. The Minimum Detectable Activity (MDA) of $^{24}Na$ is approximately 50Bq for 10miniute measurement by the germanium-type whole body counter at JNC Tokai Works. Neutron energy spectra at the typical shielding conditions in criticality accidents were calculated and the conversion factor, whole body activity-to-organ mass weighted neutron absorbed dose, corresponding to each condition were determined. The conversion factor for uncollied fission spectrum is 7.7 $[(Bq^{24}Na/g^{23}Na)/mGy]$.

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Microfluidic Image Cytometry (μFIC) Assessments of Silver Nanoparticle Cytotoxicity

  • Park, Jonghoon;Yoon, Tae Hyun
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.33 no.12
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    • pp.4023-4027
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    • 2012
  • Cytotoxicity assessment of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was performed using MTT-based microfluidic image cytometry (${\mu}FIC$). The $LC_{50}$ value of HeLa cells exposed to AgNPs in the microfluidic device was estimated as 46.7 mg/L, which is similar to that estimated by MTT-based IC for cells cultured in a 96 well plate (49.9 mg/L). These results confirm that the ${\mu}FIC$ approach can produce cytotoxicity data that is reasonably well-matched with that of the conventional 96 well plate system with much higher efficiency. This ${\mu}FIC$ method provides many benefits including ease of use and low cost, and is a more rapid in vitro cell based assay for AgNPs. This may aid in speeding up data acquisition in the field of nanosafety and make a significant contribution to the quantitative understanding of nanoproperty-toxicity relationships.

Progressive Design-Build: Its Functions as a Contracting Method and the Four Pillars of Project Success

  • Jeong, Euiseok;Anderson, Connor;Lin, Ken-Yu;Migliaccio, Giovanni C
    • International conference on construction engineering and project management
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    • 2022.06a
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    • pp.25-32
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    • 2022
  • As a project delivery method, Design-Build (DB) has provided owner, architect, and contractor groups with a process of early design and rapid construction for the past three decades. Although there are many benefits to using standard DB, dissatisfaction has arisen due to limitations to innovate, limited owner involvement during design, and often lengthy procurement. Progressive Design-Build (PDB) has become an appealing alternative providing benefits not seen with standard DB. This paper investigates how PDB impacts a project and how it compares against standard DB; it also presents a proposed framework for evaluating the owner's responsibility and assessment of a project, which we named the "Four Pillars of Project Success". The four pillars are defined with respect to an owner's responsibility and assessment of a project, including project predictability, project risk, project schedule, and project cost. We conducted a literature review, examined several public project case studies, analyzed PDB project information collected by the Design-Build Institute of America (DBIA), and held stakeholder interviews with owners, contractors, and architects who have used both PDB and standard DB. This paper offers insight into PDB's structure and outcomes so an owner group can make an informed decision when considering PDB as their next construction contracting method.

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