• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.39 no.12
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• pp.1199-1206
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• 2015

In this study, the exhaust gas of a diesel engine operating on biodiesel(BD) fuel(a mixture of diesel and soybean oil) was investigated for different fuel mixing ratios in the range of BD3 to BD100. The experiments were conducted using injection pressures of 400, 600, 800, 1000, and 1200 bar. The Pearson correlation coefficient and Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient were used to quantify the NOx and Soot emissions based on the fuel mixing ratio and injection pressure. Consequently, the Pearson correlation coefficient obtained for NOx and Soot emissions according to the mixing ratio and injection pressure was -0.811 and the corresponding Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient was -0.884, which indicated that the correlation of the NOx and Soot emissions was linear. Thus, the NOx and Soot have a trade-off relationship. Moreover, at each injection pressure, the Pearson correlation coefficient was a negative number, which indicated an inversely proportional relationship between NOx and Soot.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.401-410
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• 2009

Due to the characteristics of 3 ${\times}$ 3 Latin square design which is composed of two block effects and one main effect, powers of rank transformed statistic for testing the main effect are very superior to powers of parametric statistic without regard to the type of population distributions. By order of when all three effects are fixed, when on one block effect is random, when two block effects are random, the rank transform statistic for testing the main effect shows relatively high powers as compared with the parametric statistic. Further when the size of main effect is big with one equivalent size of block effect and the other small size of block effect, powers of rank transformed statistic for testing the main effect demonstrate excellent advantage to powers of parametric statistic.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.623-627
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• 2014

Background: Esophagus cancer (EC) is among the five most common cancers in both sexes in Iran, with an incidence rate well above world average. Social rank (SR) of individuals and regions are well-known independent predictors of EC incidence. The aim of current study was to assess gender and social disparities in EC incidence across Iran's provinces through 2003-2009. Materials and Methods: Data on distribution of population at province level were obtained from the Statistical Centre of Iran. Age-standardized incidence rates of EC were gathered from the National Cancer Registry. The Human Development Index (HDI) was used to assess the province social rank. Rate ratios and Kunst and Mackenbach relative indices of inequality ($RII_{KM}$) were used to assess gender and social inequalities, respectively. Annual percentage change (APC) was calculated using joinpoint regression. Results: EC incidence rate increased 4.6% and 6.5% per year among females and males, respectively. There were no gender disparities in EC incidence over the study period. There were substantial social disparities in favor of better-off provinces in Iran. These social disparities were generally the same between males and females and were stable over the study period. Conclusions: The results showed an inverse association between the provinces' social rank and EC incidence rate in Iran. In addition, I found that, in contrast with international trends, women are at the same risk of EC as men in Iran. Further investigations are needed to explain these disparities in EC incidence across the provinces.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.36 no.7
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• pp.580-589
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• 2009

Today, most web pages are being created in the blogspace or evolving into the blogspace. A blog entry (blog page) includes non-traditional features of Web pages, such as trackback links, bloggers' authority, tags, and comments. Thus, the traditional rank algorithms are not proper to evaluate blog entries because those algorithms do not consider the blog specific features. In this paper, a new algorithm called "Blog-Rank" is proposed. This algorithm ranks blog entries by calculating bloggers' reputation scores, trackback scores, and comment scores based on the features of the blog entries. This algorithm is also applied to searching for information related to the users' queries in the blogspace. The experiment shows that it finds the much more relevant information than the traditional ranking algorithms.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.105-122
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• 2012

This paper proposes a fuzzy-based AHP model by which the greenhouse gas reduction for container terminal problem was systematically structured and then evaluated. The model was established by exploiting a fuzzy theory and AHP for capturing the inexactness and vagueness of information. In this study, measurement areas were selected for equipment aspect, operating aspect, and energy aspect. The greenhouse gas reduction is the number one priority in the equipment aspect, operating aspect, energy aspect in order. The analysis result of equipment aspect reveals that the most important element is electrical T/C. The most important element of operating and energy aspect were a container rehandling and a LED lighting. As for the whole priority which conversion weight was applied, the results were shown as follows: an electrical T/C(16.2%) as the first rank: a hybrid Y/T(14.4%) as the second rank: a AMP(10.6%) as the third rank. The result of this study suggests some guidelines for deciding priority of greenhouse gas reduction for container terminal.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.389-398
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• 2013

This study aims to support rational security investment decision making through prioritizing on operational level of management measures strategically, in carrying out industrial security activities. For this, AHP survey is conducted against industrial security professionals and analyzed. Thereafter, the importance and the priority of industrial security management measures are determined. As a result, in a comparison evaluation among the criteria, 'ICT service management' represents the highest weight (0.54). And the sub-criteria could be divided into three groups (Group I, II, III), depending on their importance. The sensitivity analysis results show that if the weight of the criterion, 'ICT systems/networks access control' is doubled, the sub-criteria, 'O/S access control', 'application access control', and 'wired/wireless network access control' are enter into top rank group. In case of the criterion, 'physical/environmental security' is doubled, the sub-criteria, 'protection zoning/access control' and 'disaster prevention on business equipment/counter-terrorism' are enter into the top rank group, 'securing utilities' is enter into the mid rank group.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.141-146
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• 2014

Purpose: Peri-implantitis and periodontitis are inflammatory and infectious diseases of implant and tooth-supporting tissues. Recently, the role of gene polymorphisms of immune response components in the relevant pathogenesis has been investigated. The present study was the first to evaluate the relationship between two known single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-${\beta}$ (RANK) gene (rs3018362 and rs35211496) in chronic periodontitis and peri-implantitis patients in an Iranian population. Methods: Eighty-one periodontally healthy patients, 38 patients with peri-implantitis, and 74 patients with chronic periodontitis were enrolled in this study. DNA was extracted from blood arm vein samples by using Miller's salting out technique according to the manufacturer's instructions given in the extraction kit. The concentration of DNA samples was measured using a spectrophotometer. The genetic polymorphisms of the RANK gene were evaluated using a competitive allele specific polymerase chain reaction (KBioscience allele specific PCR) technique. Differences in the frequencies of genotypes and alleles in the diseased and healthy groups were analyzed using chi-squared statistical tests (P<0.05). Results: Analysis of rs35211496 revealed statistically significant differences in the expression of the TT, TC, and CC genotypes among the three groups (P=0.00). No statistically significant difference was detected in this respect between the control group and the chronic periodontitis group. The expression of the GG, GA, and AA genotypes and allele frequencies (rs3018362) showed no statistically significant difference among the three groups (P=0.21). Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that the CC genotype of the rs35211496 RANK gene polymorphism was significantly associated with peri-implantitis and may be considered a genetic determinant for peri-implantitis, but this needs to be confirmed by further studies in other populations.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.113-124
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• 2002

The purpose on this study identified the purchasing conditions of Sports wear of the Chinese men residing in Beijing, Shanghai, Dalian, Tianjin, Harbin and Guangzhou, so that it helped sports wear manufacturers and retailers offer the basic data. For the study, a questionnaire used as a method of measurement, the 863 Chinese men were selected as a sample, SAS(Statistical Analysis System) program was used to analyze the data. The results from the study were as follows: 1. According to the investigation, the most preferred sports of Chinese men is soccer, as a whole. Swimming, basketball and ping-pong keep rank the next to soccer. 2. Accordingly age, area, profession and income, Chinese men maintained sports suit in order of training suit, swimming suit, soccer suit, tennis suit. It is found that holding amount of high-quality sports wears as ski, golf is on a low level. 3. It is appeared that Chinese men purchased in good order as follow brand: No-bran, Nike, Lening, Adidas. And except Nike, they purchased more Lening brand than foreign sports brand. 4. As the result of researching on the item of sports wear, it is found that they purchased various kind items in a higher rank 5 brands. 5. Sports wear's color that Chinese men purchased is blue, white, black, red. 6. The purchasing price that Chinese men favored is 200$\sim$599RMB. Thus, they expend average per head for sports suit buying, 486.0RMB. 7. Chinese men purchased very often at specialty store. And, coefficient of utilization at the usual market is on a low level. 8. In purchasing satisfaction, 80 % Chinese men were satisfied with goods(sports wear) that purchased in a higher rank 5 brands. So, average satisfaction degree showed over 3.8 as a high rate. 9. According to the result of satisfaction on Chinese men, 70% Chinese men showed satisfaction. Therefore, the average of satisfaction degree appeared 3.81 as a high rate.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.164-172
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• 2019

Objectives: This study's purpose is finding children's activity spaces that demand environmental safety management. Methods: The method of this study is analysing children's life patterns based on a questionnaire survey. Results: This study analyzed children's life patterns through a questionnaire survey. In total, 2,447 questionnaires were provided to analyze children's life patterns. The results of the questionnaire indicated a highly simple form because many children generally stayed in their home (66%) or nursery facility (2%). In the case of other facilities, playground was ranked first and amusement park was ranked second. In addition, kids cafe (including play facilities installed in shopping centers, etc.), library, and internet cafe were among the responses. Conclusions: The priority for new high-maintenance children's activity spaces are academy (rank 1), kids cafe (rank 2), indoor playground (rank 3).

• Korean Journal of Metals and Materials
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• v.46 no.9
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• pp.554-562
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• 2008

The distribution and prediction interval for the misorientation angle of grain boundary at which $Cr_2N$ was precipitated during heating at $900^{\circ}C$ for $10^4$ sec were newly estimated, and followed by the estimation of mathematical and median rank methods. The probability density function of the misorientation angle can be estimated by a statistical analysis. And then the ($1-{\alpha}$)100% prediction interval of misorientation angle obtained by the estimated probability density function. If the estimated probability density function was symmetric then a prediction interval for the misorientation angle could be derived by the estimated probability density function. In the case of non-symmetric probability density function, the prediction interval could be obtained from the cumulative distribution function of the estimated probability density function. In this paper, 95, 99 and 99.73% prediction interval obtained by probability density function method and cumulative distribution function method and compared with the former results by median rank regression or mathematical method.