• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.41 no.3
• /
• pp.189-194
• /
• 2024

Cinereous vulture (Aegypius monachus) is a large raptor that belongs to the family Accipitridae in the order Falconiformes. It is a migratory bird that returns to Mongolia after wintering in the Korean Peninsula. In February 2015, a cinereous vulture was rescued from Asan-si, Chungcheongnam-do Province as it could not fly. It was transferred to the Chungnam Wild Animal Rescue Center in Korea. It was found to have a closed fracture on the right radius through radiographic examination, a basic procedure. Surgery was performed at the fracture site using a shuttle pin and wire. After successful physical therapy and rehabilitation, the cinereous vulture was released in October 2015. A metal ring (150-00713) and wing tags (G/BL 3) were attached to the bird before its release for subsequent identification. Two years and 4 months later, in March 2018, the cinereous vulture was rescued and brought back to the center. It was diagnosed with secondary pesticide poisoning. After receiving treatment, a radiography test revealed no specific findings related to the previous fracture surgery. Considering that migratory birds travel long distances, it was confirmed that the treatment for reducing the fracture in the radius using a shuttle pin and a cerclage wire was suitable.

• Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
• /
• v.56 no.3
• /
• pp.215-223
• /
• 2021

Purpose: Distal radius fractures in youth are treated conservatively in most cases, but there are some cases of redisplacement in the follow-up period after cast immobilization, even after complete reduction. This study examined the risk factors of redisplacement in reduced unstable distal radius fractures. Materials and Methods: From February 2011 to June 2018, 44 unstable distal radius fractures were managed with a closed reduction and cast immobilization. The patients were aged between 6 and 14 years. The cases of redisplacement were analyzed with the fracture characteristics (fracture obliquity, fracture level ratio, ulnar fracture combined), cast qualities (gap index, cast index, 3 point index, and radius-2nd metacarpal angle) and host factors (age, sex). Results: The mean angulation in the union was 9.2° (0°-32.8°). In the categorical grouping 29 cases were within 10° angulation, and 15 cases were more than 10°. No significant differences in the factors of the cast indices or host factors were noted. The meaningful factor was the fracture level calculated by the relative width of the fracture site divided by the sum of width of diaphysis and epiphysis (p=0.001) and combined ulnar fracture (p=0.019). Conclusion: Unstable distal radius fractures should be treated with more stubborn guidelines lest the fracture loses its anatomical alignment. In particular, in patients with less remodeling power, operative treatment would secure a better result if the fracture occurs in a more proximal location.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.239-244
• /
• 2021

Background: Radial neck fracture in children is rare. This study attempted to evaluate the outcome of surgically treated patients and any associated complications. Methods: This study evaluated 23 children under 15 years of age with radial neck fracture who were treated with open reduction between 2006 and 2016 to determine their range of motion, postoperative complications, and radiographic outcomes. The results were assessed clinically using the Mayo clinic elbow performance score. Results: The mean follow-up duration for patients was 34.6 months. The average postoperative angulation was 3.6°. Hypoesthesia was reported in only 9% of patients, and none of the patients complained of postoperative pain. The postoperative X-ray results were excellent in 60% and good in 40%. No radiographic complications were identified. The elbow score was excellent in 87% and good in 13% (mean score, 96.74). There was a statistical relationship between range of motion limitations and age, degree of fracture, initial displacement, and surgical pin removal time. Conclusions: Although most patients accept the closed reduction method as a primary treatment, the present study suggests that an open-reduction approach has been associated with optimal therapeutic outcomes for patients in whom closed reduction was not satisfactory or indicated.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.222-227
• /
• 1998

This survey was based on the data of one hundred four dogs with 108 case,T of fracture admitted to the veterinary teaching hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University and 24 private small animal hospitals from January, 1995 to Decemberi 1996. The results were analyzed as following criteria; the distribution of fractures causes of fractured age and sexual distributions month of the most frequencel total body weights presence of communicating external wound, extent of damaged direction of fracture line, location of fracture liner fracture managements fixations methods, fixations methods according to location of fracture. The results of survey were as follow: 1. Main distribution of fracture; radius . ulna (23.1%).2. Causes of fracture; road toraffic accident (39.4 T,). 3. Age; over 24 months (27.9%). 4. Sex; male (53.89)), female (46.2%). 5. Month of the most frequence; July (14.4%) 6. Total body weight: 2-5 kg (45.27)). 7. Presence of communicating external wound; closed fracture (94.2%). 8. Extent of damage; complete fracture (92.6%). 9. Direction of fracture line: comminuted fracture (27.8 To). 10. Location of fracture line; diaphysis (62.0%). 11. Fracture management; open reduction (58.3% ). 12. Fixation methods; not treat (22.2%). 13. Fixation methods according to location of fracture; radius ulna-Kirschner wire fixation (45.5%), femur. shaft-intramedullary pinning (71.4%), pelvis-bone plate (53.3%), metacarpus-not treat, Kirschner wire fixation (each 30.8%).

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
• /
• v.36 no.4
• /
• pp.315-321
• /
• 2023

Pediatric carpal fractures are rare and often difficult to detect. This paper reviews the current literature on pediatric non-scaphoid carpal fractures, with a case report of a lunate fracture associated with a distal radius and ulnar styloid fracture, managed nonoperatively in a 12-year-old boy. There is lack of consensus regarding the management of these fractures due to the low number of reported cases. A frequent lack of long-term follow-up limits our understanding of the outcomes, but good outcomes have been reported for both nonoperative and operative management. This case report brings attention to the current time period for the definition of delayed union in pediatric carpal fractures, and emphasizes the need for prolonged follow-up for the detection of delayed complications leading to functional impairment.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.369-376
• /
• 1994

The purpose of this report Is to discribe the radiological findings of traumatic elbow luxation and subluxation of carpal joint which were caused by being hit by a wild animal and forced hyperextension of carpus in two hunting dogs. In case 1, carniocaudal and mediolateral radiographic examination of the elbow joint revealed that the radius that the radius and ulna were completely luxated laterally. The lateral projection showed the humeral condyles overlying the radial head with an absent joint space, but displacement is apparent on the craniocaudal projection. Incidence of collateral ligament rupture in conjunction with elbow luxation was not recognized on physical examination of the limb after closed reduction. Radiographic examination of the elbow made 5 months after closed reduction revealed only mild degenerative joint disease. Radiographic examination of the carpus in case 2 demonstrated palmar subluxation of most carpal joints including antebrachiocarpal, mediocarpal carpometacarpal joints, and some intercarpal joints, and avulsion fracture of the palmar surface of the accessory carpal bone. However, the mediocarpal and carpometacarpal joints were most severely affected by tensile forces of hyperextension, and it was concluded that the ligaments of the middle ca,pal joints and carpometacarpal joints as well as the palmar fibrocartilage were ruptured based on clinical and radiographic findings. In elbow luxation and subluxation of carpal Joints of the dog, differentiation of the joint or joints involved, and ligamentous structures damaged is important in determining whether surgery Is necessary and which procedure is most appropriate. And the radiographic findings of these conditions would be of help to practitioners.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• v.58 no.4
• /
• pp.719-729
• /
• 2016

The main objective of the present paper is to study the effect of the yield criterion on the magnitude of the strain rate and plastic work rate intensity factors in axisymmetric flow of isotropic incompressible rigid perfectly plastic material by means of a problem permitting a closed-form solution. The boundary value problem consisting of the axisymmetric deformation of a plastic tube is solved. The outer surface of the tube contracts. The radius of the inner surface does not change. The material of the tube obeys quite a general yield criterion and its associated flow rule. The maximum friction law is assumed at the inner surface of the tube. Therefore, the velocity field is singular near this surface. In particular, the strain rate and plastic work rate intensity factors are derived from the solution. It is shown that the strain rate intensity factor does not depend on the yield criterion but the plastic work rate intensity factor does.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.39 no.4
• /
• pp.156-161
• /
• 2022

The objective of the present study was to assess the prevalence, occurrence pattern, and clinical outcomes of transfixation pinning and casting (TPC) for fractures in Korean native calves, and to identify the advantages of the procedure. The study investigated 52 cases of bone fractures documented from January 2017 to December 2020. Hindlimb fractures (72%) were the most common in bone fractures (n = 50). The distribution of fractures was highest in the tibia (n = 15), followed by the metatarsal (n = 12), femur (n = 9), radius/ulna (n = 8), metacarpal (n = 3), humerus (n = 3), mandible (n = 1), and caudal vertebrae (n = 1). All cases were diagnosed via radiographic evaluation. Closed fractures (86%) were the most common, followed by open fractures (14%). Surgery was performed on 34 calves using intramedullary pin (IM pin), TPC, cross pin, flexible wire (F-wire), and/or plate fixation. The rest of the calves were treated with external coaptation (n = 12) or were not treated (n = 6). Subsequently, 24 calves with follow-up records were evaluated in the bone fracture cases (n = 50). Bone union was observed in 15 (62%) calves; 3 (12%) calves showed non-union; 4 (16%) calves were dead after surgery; and 2 (8%) calves were euthanized at the owner's request. Among the 24 follow-up surgery cases, the most successful cases were tibia fractures (75%) surgically treated using TPC and/or IM pin. These findings suggest that TPC surgery is effective in the management of fractures in Korean native calves.