• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 1983

S-2-($\omega-aminoethylamino) ethyl dihydrogen phosphorothioate, S-2-($\omega-aminopropylamino) ethyl dihydrogen phosphorothioate를 입수하기 용이한 출발화합물로부터 간편한 방식으로 합성하였다. 이들의 Isothiuronium 유도체들도 합성하였다. Isothiuroniu, 유도체들은 AET보다도 극심한 약독을 나타냈으며 이 약독은 분자내전위반응에 따른 고리화합물 생성에 기인하는 것으로 해석하였다. phosphorothioate 유도체들은 propyl의 경우 AET나 WR-638보다도우수한 방사성방호효과를 나타내주었으나 해당되는 ethyl유도체는 동일한 약량에서 훨씬 뒤떨어진 방호효과를 보여주었다. 이들 유도체들의 방사성방호효과, 약독 및 화학구조들 사이의 상호관계를 적외선 분광분석결과를 중심으로 하여 논의하였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.1325-1332
• /
• 2016

Radioprotective effects of ginger essential oil (GEO) on mortality, body weight alteration, hematological parameters, antioxidant status and chromosomal damage were studied in irradiated mice. Regression analysis of survival data in mice exposed to radiation yielded LD50/30 as 7.12 and 10.14 Gy for control (irradiation alone) and experimental (GEO-treated irradiated) mice, respectively, with a dose reduction factor (DRF) of 1.42. In mice exposed to whole-body gamma-irradiation (6 Gy), GEO pre-treatment at 100 and 500 mg/kg b.wt (orally) significantly ameliorated decreased hematological and immunological parameters. Radiation induced reduction in intestinal tissue antioxidant enzyme levels such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione was also reversed following administration of GEO. Tissue architecture of small intestine which was damaged following irradiation was improved upon administration of GEO. Anticlastogenic effects of GEO were studied by micronuclei assay, chromosomal aberration and alkaline gel electrophoresis assay. GEO significantly decreased the formation of micronuclei, increased the P/N ratio, inhibited the formation of chromosomal aberrations and protected agaisnt cellular DNA damage in bone marrow cells as revealed by comet assay. These results are supportive of use of GEO as a potential radioprotective compound.

• 혜화의학회지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.115-129
• /
• 1999

To evaluate radioprotective effects of Kamisagoonjatang(KST), Kamijihwangtang (KJT) and Kamigoonjajihwangtang(KKJT), studies were done experimentally. The results were obtained as follows: 1. By FACS analysis after exposure to radiation by Liniac, T cell and T-helper cell were significantly increased in KST treated group and also B cell and macrophage in KJT treated group while splenocytes were significantly decreased in control group. 2. WBC, PLT were significantly increased in KKJT treated group as compared with control group after exposure to radiation by Liniac. 3. In histological changes of jejunum of $BALB{\backslash}C$ mice after after exposure to radiation by Liniac, exclusion and fusion of villi were decreased in all groups as compared with control group. 4. In the observation of morphological changes by SEM and TEM after radiation by Liniac, KKJT, KJT and KST inhibited demage of internal structures such as mitochondria, ESR and golgi of jejunum cells in order as compared with control group. From above results it was concluded that KJT, KST and KKJT could be usefully applied for protection from damage by radiotherapy to cancer.

• 대한한방종양학회지
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.1-18
• /
• 2000

The present study was performed in order to evaluate the effects of the gamihyangsayukgunjatang on radioprotection and apoptosis in small intestines of mice after whole body irradiation. Two hundred forty mice were divided into 40 groups according to the radiation dose and the gamihyangsayukgunjatang treatment. The extracts of the herbal medicines were orally administered to each group differently before and/or after irradiation. The gamihyangsayukgunjatang treated groups were divided into 3 groups. Sample Ⅰ was the group treated with the gamihyangsayukgunjatang for 3 days before the radiation, sample Ⅱ was the group treated with the gamihyangsayukgunjatang for 3 days after the radiation. Sample Ⅲ was the group treated with the gamihyangsayukgunjatang for both 3 days before and after the radiation. To analyze the crypt survival, the micradony survival assay was used according to the Withers and Elind's method. To analyze the apptosis, the TUNEL assay was done. The results obtained are a follows : 1. From the microcolony survival assay, the gamihyangsayukgunjatang treated groups showed the radioprotective effect with a statistical significance(p<0.05), as compared to the control group. Comparing the radioprotective effect among the 3 groups, sample III was statistically more significant than sample I and II (p<0.05). Sample I showed no effect. In accordance with the research mentioned above, it is suggested that the radioprotective effect of the gamihyangsayukgunjatang is more useful for the treatment of the radiation injury rather that the prevention. 2. The results of the TUNEL assay showed that the apoptotic index in the gamihyangsayukgunjatang treated group was slightly decreased with no effectiveness, as compared to the control group. According to the above results, it could be suggested that the gamihyangsayukgujatang has a prominent protective effect in mice intestines against the radiation damage. However, the radioprotective effect does not seem to be related to inhibition of the apoptosis.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.63-69
• /
• 1988

In case of occuring the atomic energy accidents the proper medical treatments should be necessary. As the aim of the basic data for protective actions, the present studies were carried out to evaluate the decontamination of radioiodine by the administration of the antithyroid drugs (KI, NaI) and isotonic saline. Some recommended methods of decorporating radioiodine were investigated using 450, NIH-GP mice, each injected intraperitoneally with $1{\mu}Ci$ of $NaI^{131}$ as the internal contamination and treated with 2mg/0.2ml-saline of NaI and 2.6mg/0.2ml-saline of KI as the antithyroid drugs. Accordingly, effects of antithyroid drugs for internal contamination were: 1. Administration of NaI and KI caused to rapidly excrete internal radioiodine as the antithyroid drugs and decrease in whole body retention was reduced than in the saline group. 2. After internal contamination NaI and KI were to be administered for radioprotective effects as quickly as possible. 3. Decrease in body-retention made temporary shifts with enough fluids (water), however, as far as radioprotective effects is concerned, saline was not more significant than in the other group (NaI and KI). 4. Regarding to thyroid protective effects NaI, KI and saline were significant in effectively order.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• 제21권6호
• /
• pp.683-687
• /
• 1998

We have examined in vitro and in vivo radioprotective effects of a well-known thiol-containing compound, dithiothreitol (DTT). The treatment of both 0.5 and 1mM of DTT significantly increased clonogenic survival of ${\gamma}$-ray irradiated Chinese hamster (V79-4) cells. In order to investigate the possible radioprotective mechanism of DTT, we measured gamma-ray induced chromosome aberration by micronucleus assay. In the presence of 0.5mM or 1mM DTT, the frequencies of micronuclei were greatly reduced in all dose range examined (1.5-8 GY). Slightly higher reduction in micronucleus formation was observed in 1mM DTT-treated cells than in 0.5mM DTT-treated cells. In addition, incubation with both 0.5 and 1mM of DTT prior to gamma-ray irradiation reduced nucleosomal DNA fragmentation at about same extent, this result suggests that treatment of DTT at concentrations of 0.5 and 1mM reduced radiation-induced apoptosis. In vivo experiments, we also observed that DTT treatment reduced the incidence of apoptotic cells in mouse small intestine crypts. In irradiated control group 4.4${\pm}$0.5 apoptotic cells per crypt were observed. In DTT-administered and irradiated mice, only 2.1${\pm}$0.4 apoptotic cells per crypt was observed. In vitro and in vivo data obtained in this study showed that DTT reduced radiation-induced damages and it seems that the possible radioprotective mechanisms of action of DTT are prevention of chromosome aberration.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.67-71
• /
• 1999

전신 ${\gamma}$ - 선 조사 24 시간 전에 Cordyceps sinensis (Cs) 추출물을 복강에 단일 투여하였을 때 ${\gamma}$ - 선 조사된 생쥐의 생존율, 체중, 기관 무게 및 혈청 대사물에 미치는 효과를 조사하였다. Cs 추출물의 투여는 ${\gamma}$ - 선을 조사한 생쥐의 40 - day 생존율을 66.7%에서 83.4%로 증가시켰다. 또한 Cs 추출물의 투여는 ${\gamma}$ - 선 조사에 의한 비장과 흉선의 무게감소를 완전히 막아 주었다 (P<0.05, P<0.01). 한편 이와 유사하나 다소 적은 방사선 방호효과가 Cs 투여군의 고환에서도 관찰되었다. Cs 추출물의 투여는 ${\gamma}$ - 선 조사시 나타나는 조사 7 일째의 고혈당 효과를 억제하였다 (P<0.01). 그러나 조사된 기간 동안 혈청 콜레스테롤과 단백질의 수준에는 아무런 영향을 주지 않았다. 본 연구는 Cs가 방사선 방호효과를 보여주는 최초의 보고이다.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.75-82
• /
• 2001

Effect of single pre-administration of Cordyceps militaris(Cm) extract on the survival ratio, body weight and organ weight changes and blood cell counts after whole-body ${\gamma}-irradiation$ were investigated. The single pre-administration of Cm extract at 24 hrs before ${\gamma}-irradiation$ increased the 40-day survival ratio of irradiated mice from 60.1% to 71.4%. The administration of Cm extract completely prevented weight reductions of spleen and thymus produced by ${\gamma}-irradiation$ (P<0.01, P<0.05). Similar but somewhat less radioprotective effect was also found In the testis of the Cm treated mice. The administration of Cm extract retarded the reduction of both leukocyte and lymphocyte counts occured during the first 7 days and accelerated the recovery of the counts thereafter. The exrtract also acclerated the recovery of the erythrocyte counts occured after the day 21th. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the soluble proteins extracted from various organs did not reveal differences to any extent in all groups except in the livers of the irradiated and extract treated groups, in which some proteins were missing or less present. Also, the result of general intra and extra mycelial enzyme assays with Cm, extramycelial enzyme activity was relatively higher than the intramycelial enzyme, Cm appeared to indicate that ${\alpha}-amylase$ was the highest among the enzymes and gluosidase and chitinase were followed. Since the spleen, thymus and testis have been well known as radiosensitive organs, the protective action of Cm extract on irradiated mice may be responsible for its enhancing recovery of these organs. Although the exact mechanism in protective effect of Cm extract on irradiated mice is not clear yet, the present study is the first report regarding the Cm which was tested and found to be a potential radioprotective agent.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.391-396
• /
• 1988

Appreciable radiation exposures certainly occur in the workers who handle radioiodine in biochemical research, nuclear medicine diagnostics with the development of nuclear industries. But in the case of occurring the nuclear accidents, the early medical treatment of radiation injury should be necessary but little was reported in korea till now. Accordingly, to achieve of the basic data for protective roles and medical treatment of radiation injury, the present studies were carried out to evaluate the decontamination of radioiodine by the administration of the antithyroid drugs. The results observed are summarized as follows: 1. The administration of sodium iodide and potassium iodide results in rapid excretion of radioiodine and reduction of the whole body retention than the saline-only group. 2. Reguarding to thyroid protective effects, sodium iodide, potassium iodide and saline were effected significant in order. 3. In the control(saline) group, if administered with enough fluids, the whole body retention of radioiodine is reduced temporary shifts. But as far as radioprotective effects is concerned, saline was not more in the protective effects than the other groups. In conclusion, in case of nuclear accidents, if being administered sodium iodide and saline as quickly as possible, the radioprotective effects against the radiation hazard might be markedly increased in the internal contamination of radioiodine.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제44권2호
• /
• pp.179-184
• /
• 2004

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of ginseng saponins (panaxadiol, ginsenoside $Rb_1$, $Rb_2$, Rc, Rd) on jejunal crypt survival, endogenous spleen colony formation and apoptosis in jejunal crypt cells of mice irradiated with gamma-ray. ICR mice were given each saponin (i.p. 50 mg/kg of body weight) at 24 hours before irradiation. The radioprotective effects of saponins were compared with the irradiation control respectively. The jejunal crypts were protected by pretreatment with ginsenoside Rc (p<0.05) and Rd (p<0.05). The spleen colony was increased by pretreatment with panaxadiol (p<0.05) and ginsenoside Rd (p<0.05). And the frequency of radiation induced apoptosis was significantly reduced by pretreatment with panaxadiol (p<0.05), ginsenoside Rb2 (p<0.05), Rc (p<0.05) and Rd (p<0.01). These results suggest that ginsenoside Rc, Rd might have a major radioprotective effect.