• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.45-48
• /
• 2003

We have previously cloned and characterized the complete fibroin L-chain gene from one of the silkworm races Baekok-Jam (Bombyx mori) and found two variable regions (I, intron 2 ~ exon 3; II, intron 6) with the primer sets designed to cover these variable regions. We tested the utility of these regions as genetic markers among silkworm races. For the purpose of study, Japanese race (Jam 123), Chinese race (Jam 124) and their F$_1$hybrid Baekok-Jam were used. The PCR product size of region I was 787 bp in Jam 123, 770 bp in Jam 124 and 768 bp in Baekok-Jam. The size of region II was 470 bp in Jam 123, 428 bp in Jam 124 and 429 Up in Baekok-Jam. In the extended experiment, Jam 125 (Japanese race), Jam 126 (Chinese race) and their F$_1$hybrid Daeseong-Jam were also analyzed. The sizes of region I and II in Jam 125, Jam 126 and Daeseong-Jam were similar to those of Jam 123, Jam 124 and Baekok-Jam. DNA sequence divergence between the two geographic races of Jam 123 or Jam 125 and Jam 124 or Jam 126 was substantial. The result suggests that the fibroin L-chain gene of F$_1$hybrids were inherited from Chinese races. These results are concordant with cocoon shapes of tested animals, and suggested that Baekok-Jam or Daeseong-jam is more closely related to Jam 124 or Jam 126 than to Jam 123 or Jam 125. Taken these data together, the primer sets designed from two variable regions of fibroin L-chain gene would be highly useful, as the genetic markers for silkworm races, at least in Japanese and Chinese races, although an extended study including more geographic races is required.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.31-39
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study was to observe the kinematic pattern of elite women 100m hurdler race from start to finish and analyze how the change of horizontal velocity makes an influence on the athletes' performance. The analysis was based on the performance of Korean elite 100m hurdler A and international elite hurdlers B and C. Following results were drawn from the analyzation of elite 100m hurdlers' technical characteristics; During the race, hurdler A made more than 8 m/s of horizontal velocity at the 3rd, 4th, 6th, and the 7th hurdle. The horizontal velocity peaked at the 4th hurdle with 8.23 m/s. On the other hand, hurdler B and hurdler C maintained more than 8 m/s of horizontal velocity from the 2nd hurdle through the 10th hurdle. Hurdler B's fastest horizontal velocity was 8.67 m/s from the 6th to the 7th hurdle and hurdler C's fastest horizontal velocity was 8.85 m/s from the 5th to the 8th hurdle. From the start line to the 3rd hurdle, the times achieved by hurdlers A, B, and C were 4.90 sec, 4.65 sec, and 4.52 sec. In the middle of the race, which is from the 4th hurdle to the 7th hurdle, hurdlers A, B, and C ran in 9.10 sec, 8.60 sec, and 8.38 sec. And the latter part of the race to the 10th hurdle, the times hurdlers A, B, and C hit were 12.32 sec, 11.66 sec, and 11.32 sec. To the finish line, it took 1.15 sec for hurdler A, 1.1 sec for B, and 1.06 sec for C. Hence, to set the record of sub-13 sec, hurdler A should improve her acceleration from the start line to the 1st hurdle with the speed more than 5.4 m/s and should maintain more than 8 m/s of horizontal velocity from the 2nd hurdle through the 10th hurdle. In addition, hurdler A should improve her speed endurance to minimize the deceleration of horizontal velocity from the 4th hurdle to the final hurdle. If hurdler A could shorten 0.05 sec of time in each hurdle section, she would be able to set the record under 13 seconds.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
• /
• v.42 no.6
• /
• pp.699-702
• /
• 2010

Anthracnose is a major limiting factor of the watermelon production in Korea. A mid-late maturing watermelon line, 'Hanbit' with resistance to anthracnose (Colletotrichum orbiculare) race 1 and 3, was developed by the cross between anthracnose resistant cultivar 'AU-Producer' and high quality inbred line '920533' at the National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA). 'Hanbit' produces 5.4 to 9.5 kg of red flesh fruits with clear stripes on skin. Average soluble solid contents are ranged from 10.4 to 11.2$^{\circ}$Bx. The yield and quality of 'Hanbit' was comparable to or better than those harvested from the popular commercial cultivars. 'Hanbit' can be cultivated in open fields and under the protected green house condition. In addition to the commercial production, it can be used as a resistant material in $F_1$ hybrid breeding program.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.22 no.12
• /
• pp.1609-1613
• /
• 2009

The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for racing performance traits of thoroughbredracehorses, using a total of 58,124 racing records of 4,200 horses at Gwacheon Racing Park collected from January 2002 to December 2006. This study measured start one furlong time, last three and last one furlong times, and the resulting furlong time averages were 14.2 seconds, 39.9 seconds and 13.9 seconds, respectively. Furlong time means a split time measured based on a 1/8-mile (or approximately 201 m) distance and finished time means total racing time measured from start position to finish line. In the shortest distance races of 1,000 m, the average last three and last one furlong time was fastest at 38.7 seconds and 13.6 seconds, respectively. The correlation between finished time and start one furlong time decreased as the race distance increased, and the same trend was recognized from the correlation between finished time and last three furlong time. In short distance races of 1,400 m or less, the starting ability was found to be an important trait. The average speed was highest at 56 km/h for a 1,000 m race and lowest at 53.2 km/h for a 1,700 m race. Heritabilities of the start one furlong time, the last three and last one furlong time were estimated to be 0.337, 0.245 and 0.210, respectively; and repeatabilities for them were 0.452, 0.353 and 0.309, respectively. Phenotypic and genetic correlations between the start and the last one furlong time were negative at -0.141 and -0.155, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.179-184
• /
• 1974

The blood picture of 85 healthy race horses in Korea was investigated. The ranges and mean values of erythrocyte, hemoglobin, hematocrit value, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and total white blood cell count in the blood picture were determine. The respective mean value and standard deviation and age differences were as follows: 1. The erythrobyte count was shown as range of 6.20 to $11.32{\times}10^6/mm^3$ with mean of $8.61{\pm}1.92{\times}10^6/mm^3$(SD). The leucocyte count was shown as range 5.0 to $18.0{\times}10^3/mm^3$ with mean of $8.25{\pm}1.51{\times}10^3/mm^3$(SD). There were not significant. differences in age, 2. The mean value of hemoglobin was shown $13.9{\pm}1.7g/100ml(SD)$ ranging 9.8 to 16.8g/100ml. The mean value of hematocrit was shown $40.9{\pm}3.94ml/100ml(SD)$ ranging 26 to 54. There were not significant differences in age. 3. The mean corpuscular hemoglobin was shown as range of 11.8 to 22.2pg with mean of $16.9{\pm}4.69$(SD). The mean corpuscular volume was shown as range of 34.5 to $71.3cu{\mu}$ with mean of $49.0{\pm}7.32cu{\mu}$(SD). The mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration was shown as range of 30.6 to 39.4 g/100 ml with mean of $34.6{\pm}2.36$(SD). There were not significant differences in age. 4. The correlation among erythrocyte count, hemoglobin and hematocrit value were observed as follows: Erythrocyte count and hemoglobin (+0.328), rythrocyte count and hematocrit vague (+0.319). A linear regression equation was shown as follows: Erythrocyte count and hemoglobin (Y=0.336x+10.977), erythrocyte count and hematocrit value (Y=0.655x+35.274). 5. The high correlation between hemoglobin and hematocrit vague was observed (r= +0.836). A linear regression equation was shown: (Y=1.948x+13.895).

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.16 no.9
• /
• pp.3927-3930
• /
• 2015

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common gastrointestinal cancer and the incidence is increasing in many developing countries. While it can be detected early and even prevented through screening and removal of premalignant lesions, there are barriers to screening which include low level of knowledge and awareness of CRC. This study assessed the level of knowledge of CRC in Brunei Darussalam. Materials and Methods: A total of 431 (262 male and 161 female) subjects participated in this questionnaire study. Subjects were scored on their knowledge of signs/symptoms (maximum 10 correct answers) and known risk factors for CRC (maximum 10 correct answers) and were categorised into poor (0-2), moderate (3-4) and satisfactory (5-10). Comparisons were made between the various patient factors. Results: Overall, 54.1% could not name any CRC signs/symptoms or associated risk factors. Most were not aware of any screening modalities. The overall scores for CRC signs/symptoms and risk factors were $1.3{\pm}1.39$ (range 0-6) and $0.6{\pm}1.05$ (range 0-5) respectively. Overall, the breakdown of scores was: poor (78.1%), moderate (20.3%) and satisfactory (6.2%) for signs/symptoms and poor (93.2%), moderate (6.2%) and satisfactory (0.7%) for risk factors. Higher level of education, female gender and non-Malay race were associated with higher scores for both signs/symptoms and knowledge of screening modality; however the overall scores were low. Conclusions: Our study showed that the general knowledge of CRC in Brunei Darussalam is poor. Being female, with higher levels of education and non-Malay race were associated with higher scores, but they were still generally poor. More needs to be done to increase the public knowledge and awareness of CRC.

• Research in Plant Disease
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.326-333
• /
• 2011

This study evaluated disease resistance responses of pure lines of tomato plants at various temperature conditions against Ralstonia solanacearum strains isolated from Korea. Evaluation of six tomato lines with various strains of R. solanacearum showed that many strains can infect the resistant lines of tomato plants previously known as highly tolerant to bacterial wilt. One of the most virulent strains, SL341 (race 1 and biovar 4) caused severe infection on all six tomato lines, irrespective of temperature. In contrast, a moderately virulent strain SL1944 (race 1, biovar 4) showed the remarkable difference in disease progress on some resistant lines dependent on temperature. Moneymaker and Bonny Best were susceptible to SL1944 at all tested conditions with different temperature. However, tomato lines, such as Hawaii 7998, Hawaii 7996, Bblocking which were previously known as highly tolerant lines, were severely infected by SL1944 at relatively higher temperature ($35^{\circ}C$ for 14 hr light and $28^{\circ}C$ for 10 hr dark cycle). The disease progress at high temperature was much faster than those at low temprature on the same tomato line and those on Moneymaker and Bonny Best at the same high temprature. This result suggested that R. solanacearum strains isolated in Korea were highly virulent to bacterial wilt resistant tomato lines and some strains may cause severe infection on those plants at higher temperature.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.49-79
• /
• 2009

This study examined how the explicit and implicit race attitudes differ according to age and gender from the developmental perspective in Korean elementary students. The study also investigated the efficacy of a multi-cultural education program on explicit and implicit attitude change in elementary school students. This thesis consists of two parts. In Study 1, elementary school students(first grade:117, fourth grade:117) completed Explicit Attitudes Rating Scales, Explicit Preference Test, and Child Implicit Association Tests (Korean-White/Korean-Black/ Korean-Southeast Asian IATs). The effects of age and gender on explicit and implicit attitudes toward Korean/White/Black/Southeast Asian were examined with two-way MANOVA. The results demonstrated that as age increases, in-group preference/out-group bias decrease on the explicit level. In contrast, on the implicit level, as age increases, in-group preference/out-group bias do not decrease. Rather, prejudiced attitudes toward blacks increase. Study 2 was performed to investigate the effect of a multi-cultural education program on explicit and implicit attitude change toward races in elementary school students. The program conveying an anti-bias message consists of three sessions, and the procedures are as follows; watching video clips, confirming contents and short discussion. Two classes in the program and two classes in comparative groups on the first and fourth grade of elementary school were assessed. The results showed that black preference significantly increased both in the first and the fourth grade elementary students on the explicit attitude level, but not on the implicit level. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings were discussed.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.57-61
• /
• 2003

A new silkworm variety, Chugangjam, with a sex-limited larval marking and high silk yielding for summer-autumn rearing season is $F_1$ hybrid between Jam 147, a Japanese race bred from P8503/8453, and Jam 148, a Chinese race from M8306/Jam 130. Jam 147, Japanese parent of the Chugangjam showed a high GCA (general combining ability) in pupation percentage and Jam 148, Chinese parent, showed a high GCA in pupation percentage and single cocoon weight. In the local adaptability test performed at 8 local areas in autumn of 2001, Chugangjam was 5% higher in cocoon yield and 8% in raw silk productivity in the 10,000 of the 3rd molted larvae, respectively, than the check variety Daesungjam.

• BMB Reports
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.137-141
• /
• 1996

A partial cDNA encoding a Korean radish isoperoxidase was obtained from a cDNA library prepared from 9 day old radish root. In order to obtain Korean radish isoperoxidase cDNA, 5' RACE (rapid amplification cDNA end) PCR was performed and a cDNA (prxK1) encoding a complete structural protein was obtained by RT (reverse transcription)-PCR. Sequence analysis revealed that the length of the cDNA was 945 base pairs, and that of the mRNA transcript was ca. 1.6 kb. The deduced amino acid of the protein were composed of 315 amino acid residues and the protein was 92% homologous to turnip peroxidase, and 46% to 50% homologous to other known peroxidases. The 945 bp cDNA encoding Korean radish isoperoxidase was overexpressed in Escherichia coli up to approximately 9% of total cellular protein. The recombinant fusion protein exhibited 43 kDa on SDS-PAGE analysis and the activity level of the recombinant nonglycosylated protein was two fold higher in IPTG induced cell extracts than that of uninduced ones.