• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.32-47
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• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop a standard tool for pattern identification of radiation pneumonitis. Methods: Textbooks, published studies, and references with comments about patterns were reviewed. Through the Delphi method, we determined pattern identifications based on advice from a committee of experts composed of 13 Korean respiratory internal medicine professors. Results: Using the Delphi method, four pattern identifications were chosen: Qi Deficiency (氣虛), Yin Deficiency (陰虛), Heat Toxin (熱毒), and Phlegm Dampness (痰濕). The tool was developed in a question-and-answer format with 35 questions. Conclusions: A pattern identification tool that can discriminate the patterns of radiation pneumonitis for standardized diagnosis was developed through expert consultation. Further study of its validity and reliability is necessary.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.844-854
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• 2016

In order to understand the current state of production and pattern design of circular knitted jackets, this study selected 11 female clothing brands based from the "2012/2013 Korea Fashion Brand Yearbook" and interviewed the staff in charge of patterns at the companies. Polyester and polyurethane were found to be synthesized and used for the outshell of circular knitted jackets, alternatively natural fabric cotton or wool were synthesized with rayon. As for the structure of circular knitted materials, Ponte Di Roma knitting structure (a modified form of a double knit) was most often used. Surveying the use pattern and the parts for padding cloth, six responded that they used elastic padding cloth. As for circular knitted jackets with inner lining, elastic padding cloth was attached to all parts (front, back, side panel, and collar - except for sleeves) of the basic bodice pattern. Eight responded that they did not use a basic pattern when designing a pattern, which exceeds the majority. All respondents answered yes to the question on if there is any difference in designing a pattern for a woven jacket and a circular knitted jacket. It was found that they designed a pattern that considered shrinkage and elongation, which are the features of circular knitted fabric. Shrinkage and elongation were the features of a fabric material most considered when designing patterns for a circular knitted jacket.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.560-569
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• 1999

This study was conducted with two science classes of the 8th grade students in Seoul during 4 weeks. The numbers of students in the classes were 37 and 38, and they were taught for 12 class hours. Questions obtained for 12 class hours from 75 students were analyzed and grouped into patterns. All together 1.108 questions from the students were classified into six categories: 'No Connection' (7%). 'Contradiction' (3%), 'Recall' (23%), 'Reframe' (40%), 'Application' (18%), and 'Extension' (9%). Irrelevant questions to learning and questions of false proposition were classified into 'No Connection' and 'Contradiction', respectively. Questions repeating what were already explained were grouped into 'Recall'. Those requiring other examples and/or additional explanations were grouped into 'Reframe'. Those requiring practical applications and/or explanations for other concrete facts were grouped into 'Application'. Finally. Questions for higher and/or other concepts were grouped into 'Extension'. We also discussed educational implications of the above categorized questions in this study.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.24-29
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• 2022

Semantic role labeling task used in various natural language processing fields, such as information extraction and question answering systems, is the task of identifying the arugments for a given sentence and predicate. Predicate used as semantic role labeling input are extracted using lexical analysis results such as POS-tagging, but the problem is that predicate can't extract all linguistic patterns because predicate in korean language has various patterns, depending on the meaning of sentence. In this paper, we propose a korean predicate recognition method using neural network model with pre-trained embedding models and lexical features. The experiments compare the performance on the hyper parameters of models and with or without the use of embedding models and lexical features. As a result, we confirm that the performance of the proposed neural network model was 92.63%.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2022

This study is a marketing tool for securing loyal customers and increasing sales by developing a customizing manual according to the change of segmented nail art consumption pattern due to the development of the nail industry and performing art to meet the needs of various customers and increase satisfaction. This was done to demonstrate the possibility of use. In order to develop a manual for the study, we conducted a survey that combined an online survey and in-person survey for ordinary citizens in their 20s and 50s living in Busan and Gyeongnam. Taste (50.0%) was the highest, and personal preference (62.9%) was also the highest for items related to nail art color selection, suggesting that the consumption pattern is changing to require a variety of personal art preferences rather than recommendations or recommendations from practitioners. Could know. As a result of performing nail art by applying the customizing manual developed based on customer selection, opinions were shown in the order of reliability (39.1%), attachment (39.1%), and rarity (26.1%). Utilization (73.9%) was also high in the question of 'If customizing manual was developed as an app', and overall satisfaction with the art selected by the customer was high, indicating that the customer had a high degree of attachment to the nail art design decided by the customer. As for the improvement points of the manual, it was possible to confirm the necessity of developing the app with the majority opinion that handwriting was inconvenient. Based on the nail art customizing manual of this study, the follow-up research proceeds with the app production and utilization process, and it is hoped that it will be used as a basic data for sales promotion by increasing customer satisfaction according to the rapidly changing consumption patterns of nail customers.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.209-222
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• 2001

The environment in the ICU leads to negative changes in a patient's usual sleep pattern and so contributes negatively to the patient's health condition as compared to patients in general wards. Therefore, it is thought that an important nursing intervention would be to identify the relation between noise and sleep patterns which play an important role in illness recovery. The purpose of the present study was to explore the relationship between noise in the ICU and the sleep pattern of patients admitted to the ICU. A descriptive correlation design was used to examine the relationship. Thirty-four subjects were recruited from a Medical ICU (MICU), Surgical ICU (SICU) and Coronary Care Unit (CCU) at a large university hospital in Suwon. Data were collected from September 28 to October 31 in 1999. In the present study, noise was categorized into noise level and patients' perception of noise. The objective noise level was measured using the A-Weighted Sound Level Meter. The patients' preception of noise was measured using a self-reported questionnaire developed by the researcher. Sleep patterns in this study includes both quantity and quality of sleep. These were measured using open ended questionnaires and the 'Korean Sleep Scale A' developed by Oh, Song, Kim(1998). The data was analyzed using the SPSS-WIN to test the research question, Pearson product moment correlation coefficient was run. Ancillary analysis were conducted with demographic variables to determine their relation to the main study variables. For the ancillary analysis, t-test and one-way ANOVAs were performed. The results of the present study are summerized as follows : 1. The total mean of objective noise level (10pm-6am) was 56.2dB. The means for night time noise level in individual ICUs for the SICU, MICU and CCU, were 58.7dB, 58.6dB and 48.3dB, respectively. The total mean for patients' noise perception was 42.8 out of a maximum possible score of 76. For item means of noise perception, the one ranked highest was "conversations between doctors and nurses" (3.2). The one ranked lowest was "noise from the radio" (1.2). Regarding the degree of perception for each type of noise source, the one ranked highest was "equipment noise" (2.6), the second was "conversation between medical staff" (2.4), the third was "conversation between patients, caregivers and visitors" (2.3), and the one ranked lowest was "environment noise" (1.8). 2. Looking at quantity of sleep of ICU patients, the mean nocturnal sleep time was found to be 4.9 hours. The total mean of sleep quality for ICU patients was 21.0 out of a maximum possible score of 40. 3. The relationship between perception of noise and quantity of sleep was statistically significant(r= - .41, p<.05). The relationship between perception of noise and quality of sleep was also statistically significant(r= - .47, p<.01). The results of the study indicate that personal perception of noise is related to sleep patterns. Therefore, it is suggested that nursing interventions be developed to reduce the degree of personal perception of noise and, thus, decrease sleep pattern disturbances in patients in the ICU.

• Journal of National Security and Military Science
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• s.1
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• pp.113-154
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• 2003

We can feel the fear through the reports of outbreaking centers of terror. Also, we noticed through "the 9.11 terror" that there exists no safety zone from terrorism. However, we should question ourselves whether we are relaxing attention or ceasing anxiety too much in the perimeter, as in the peninsula of Korea. Through "the 9.11 terror", the vulnerability of the United State's homeland security has been exposed, giving a serious damage to the national pride. President Bush started the war against terror to strengthen global joints of anti-terrorism, identify terrorists and contribute to the global peace, adopting offensive realism including preemptive attack concept which means to remove the threat preemptively. In today's reality of international politics, where the inhuman, indiscriminate, and anti-civilizational international terror became greater, extending to the stage of war, the international societies' agony and focus lies on how to banish it. The 9.11 terrorism, which is a new form of terrorism, is being distinguished from conventional terrorism into new terrorism. New terrorism is a new form of terrorism meaning that you do not know the enemy, the goal does not exist and they conscientiously use the weapons of mass destruction. This paper is a work meant to help understanding new terrorism, the new form, by a comparative analysis with the conventional terrorism. Therefore the origin, concept and general characteristics new terrorism is picked out and the representative forms of it, which are suicide bombing, cyber, biochemical and nuclear terrorism, are analyzed in detail in theoretical manner.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.501-512
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to identify the differences in eye movement pattern shown in classification activities between the gifted and regular students in elementary schools. The subjects for the research consisted of five gifted students in the special education center for the gifted at Seoul National University of Education and five students at D regular elementary schools. SMI (Senso Motoric Instruments)' iView $X^{TM}$ RED 120 Hz was used in order to collect eye movement data. Results were as follows. There were difference patterns between the gifted and the regular student in question identification, attribute observation, and criteria generation process. Gifted students minimized unnecessary cognitive overload and took advantage of cognitive economic efficiency. Regular students have a lot of cognitive burden because they did not grasp the essential information.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.37-46
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• 2010

This study investigates acoustic characteristics of English and Korean voiceless sibilant fricatives as they appear before the three vowels, /i/, /$\alpha$/ and /u/. Three measurements - duration, center of gravity and major spectral peak - are employed to compare acoustic properties and vowel effect for each fricative sound. This study also investigates the question of whether Korean sibilant fricatives are acoustically similar to the English voiceless alveolar fricative /s/ or to the palato-alveolar /$\int$/. The results show that in the duration of frication noise, English /$\int$/ is the longest and Korean lax /s/ the shortest of the four sounds. It is also observed that English alveolar /s/ has the highest value, whereas Korean /s/ shows the lowest value in the frequency of center of gravity. In terms of major spectral peak, while English /s/ reveals the highest frequency, English /$\int$/ shows the lowest value. In addition, evidence indicates that there is a strong vowel effect in the fricative sounds of both languages, although the vowel effect patterns of the two languages are inconsistent. For instance, in the major spectral peak, both Korean lax /s/ and tense /$s^*$/ show significantly higher frequencies before the vowel /$\alpha$/ than before the other vowels, whereas both English /s/ and /$\int$/ exhibit significantly higher frequencies before the vowel /i/ than before the other vowels. These results indicate that Korean sibilant fricatives are acoustically distinct from both English /s/ and /$\int$/.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.147-155
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• 2013

The demand to complement the elderly body shape with comfortable clothing has greatly increased with the growing elderly population and their improved social-economic level. However, apparel industries have not provided significant production and sale strategies that reflect and consider elderly body shape characteristics. This study investigated the demand and complaints of current silver wear. This study was conducted on 100 elderly people 65 and over. The questionnaires were composed of Korean Activities of Daily Living (K-ADL) that reflect the general characteristics of the respondents related to clothing (clothing requirements and demands) and free comments on each question. Subsequently, we found that the most uncomfortable clothing parts were 'sleeve length' and 'crotch' in women and 'neck circumference' and 'pocket' in men when wearing shirts and pants respectively. Respondents felt that the button and zipper knob sizes were too small with the buttons too numerous. The results suggest that we should consider body shape changes caused by aging in order to develop elderly clothing patterns to improve the level of ADL. We anticipate apparel industries for the elderly to expand due to the rapid increase in the elderly population.