• 한국정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보과학회 2006년도 가을 학술발표논문집 Vol.33 No.2 (D)
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• pp.302-305
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• 2006

In this paper, we have proposed a novel method using quantization of wavelet coefficients for secret data communication. First, speech signal is partitioned into small time frames and the frames are transformed into frequency domain using a WT(Wavelet Transform). We quantize the wavelet coefficients and embedded secret data into the quantized wavelet coefficients. The destination regard quantization errors of received speech as seceret dat. As most speech watermark techniques have a trade off between noise robustness and speech quality, our method also have. However we solve the problem with a partial quantization and a noise level dependent threshold. In additional, we improve the speech quality with de-noising method using wavelet transform. Since the signal is processed in the wavelet domain, we can easily adapt the de-noising method based on wavelet transform. Simulation results in the various noisy environments show that the proposed method is reliable for secret communication.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.364-373
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• 1990

디지틀 필터를 전용 하드웨어나 범용 계산기에 의해서 實現할 때 有限 語長 實現에 기인해서 量子化 誤差(演算, 誤差, 係數 量子化 誤差)가 필연적으로 발생하며, 또한 이러한 量子化 誤差의 最小化를 위한 等價 變換 行列이 연구되었다. 본 논문에서는 演算 誤差 最小 實現과 係數 量子化 誤差 最小 實現과의 상호 등가 변환할 수 있는 等價 變換行列을 유도하고 유도된 等價 變換 行列의 유효성을 나타내기 위해서 演算 誤差 最小型 2차 디지틀 필터로부터 係數 量子化 誤差 最小型 2차 디지틀 필터를 설계하고 시뮬레이션하였다.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.529-532
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• 2010

Multi-carrier demultiplexer/demodulator (MCDD) in an on-board processing (OBP) satellite used for digital multimedia services has two typical architectures according to the channel demultiplexing procedure: Multistage multi-carrier demultiplexer (M-MCD) or poly-phase fast Fourier transform (PPF). During the channel demultiplexing, phase and quantization errors influence the performance of MCDD; those errors affect the bit error rate (BER) performance of M-MCD and PPF differently. In this paper, we derive the phase error variances that satisfy the condition that M-MCD and PPF have the same signal to noise ratio according to quantization bits, and then, with these results, analyze the BER performances of M-MCD and PPF. The results provided here may be a useful reference for the selection of M-MCD or PPF in designing the MCDD in an OBP satellite communications system.

• 한국통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국통신학회 1985년도 추계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.220-223
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• 1985

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.2253-2260
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 H.264/AVC 복호기의 역변환과 역양자화를 위한 효율적인 하드웨어 구조를 제안한다. 기존 역변환 및 역양자화기에서는 AC계수와 DC계수를 복호하는 순서가 다르다. 색차 DC계수와 인트라 $16{\times}16$ 모드에서 휘도 DC계수는 역변환을 수행하고 역양자화를 수행하는 반면에, 휘도 및 색차 AC계수는 역양자화를 수행하고 역변환을 수행하기 때문에 하드웨어로 구현시 제어 복잡도가 증가한다. 제안하는 구조는 DC계수와 AC계수에 관계없이 역양자화를 수행한 후 역변환을 수행하여 제어 복잡도를 감소시키고, 역양자화 연산을 공통 연산기를 사용하여 처리함으로써 계산 복잡도가 감소한다. 기존 역양자화기에는 나눗셈 연산을 포함하고 있어 복호하는 순서를 변경할 경우 오차가 발생하기 때문에 나눗셈 연산을 역변환 후에 수행하여 오차를 방지한다. 또한, 역변환기와 역양자화기를 3단 파이프라인으로 구성하고 수평 IDCT와 수직 IDCT를 병렬로 구현하여 수행 사이클을 감소시켰다. 제안하는 역변환기와 역양자화기의 매크로블록 당 처리되는 사이클 수를 비교 분석한 결과, 기존 구조 대비 45%이상 향상된 결과를 얻었다.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.118-123
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• 2006

We present an optical security method for binary data information by using 4-step phase-shifting digital holography and we analyze tolerance error for the decrypted data. 4-step phase-shifting digital holograms are acquired by moving the PZT mirror with equidistant phase steps of ${\pi}/2$ in the Mach-Zender type interferometer. The digital hologram in this method is a Fourier transform hologram and is quantized with 256 gray level. The decryption performance of the binary data information is analyzed. One of the most important errors is the quantization error in detecting the hologram intensity on CCD. The greater the number of quantization error pixels and the variation of gray level increase, the more the number of error bits increases for decryption. Computer experiments show the results for encryption and decryption with the proposed method and show the graph to analyze the tolerance of the quantization error in the system.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2000년도 제13회 신호처리 합동 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.667-670
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• 2000

This paper provides a heuristic theory for modeling and analysis of vector quantization effects in 2-dimensional subband filter banks. This model is used as the basis for optimal filter bank design. The scalar non-linear gain-plus-additive noise quantization model can be used to represent each vector quantizer in 2-band subband codec. The validity and accuracy and of this analytic model is confirmed by comparing the calculated model quantization errors with actual simulation of the optimum LBG vector quantizer. Numerical design examples for the optimum separable paraunitary filter banks are suggested in this paper.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.244-251
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• 2011

We propose a new 2-step phase-shifting digital holographic optical encryption technique and analyze tolerance error for this cipher system. 2-step phase-shifting digital holograms are acquired by moving the PZT mirror with phase step of 0 or ${\pi}$/2 in the reference beam path of the Mach-Zehnder type interferometer. Digital hologram with the encrypted information is Fourier transform hologram and is recorded on CCD camera with 256 gray-level quantized intensities. The decryption performance of binary bit data and image data is analyzed by considering error factors. One of the most important errors is quantization error in detecting the digital hologram intensity on CCD. The more the number of quantization error pixels and the variation of gray-level increase, the more the number of error bits increases for decryption. Computer experiments show the results to be carried out encryption and decryption with the proposed method and the graph to analyze the tolerance of the quantization error in the system.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제66권9호
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• pp.1364-1372
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• 2017

In this paper, a problem of event-triggered model predictive control is investigated for continuous-time Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy systems with input quantization. To efficiently utilize network resources, event-trigger is employed, which transmits limited signals satisfying the condition that the measurement of errors is over the ratio of a certain level. Considering sampling and quantization, continuous Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy systems are regarded as a sector bounded continuous-time T-S fuzzy systems with input delay. Then, a model predictive controller (MPC) based on parallel distributed compensation (PDC) is designed to optimally stabilize the closed loop systems. The proposed MPC optimize the objective function over infinite horizon, which can be easily calculated and implemented solving linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) for every event-triggered time. The validity and effectiveness are shown that the event triggered MPC can stabilize well the systems with even smaller average sampling rate and limited actuator signal guaranteeing optimal performances through the numerical example.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.28-37
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 계산량의 증가가 없이 MPEG 코덱 에 사용되 어 블로킹 현상 등 복원 영상에서 의 화질 열화를 개선하는 새로운 방법들을 제안한다. 먼저 움직임 탐색 및 보상 과정에 2단계 MAD 움직임 탐색 방법을 제안하여 탐색 계산량을 줄이고 블록의 경계 부분의 화소의 왜곡을 줄였다. 또한 줄어든 계산량을 이용하여 블록 경계 너머의 화소를 탐색에 이용하는 중첩 2단계 MAD움직임 탐색 방법을 제안하였다. 인트라 블록에 대한 DCT/양자화 과정에서는 먼저 복원된 블록의 인접 화소들을 이용하여 적응적으로 양자화 함으로써 블록간 화소의 연속성을 높이는 1차원 DCT 추정 양자화 방법과 화소타 추정 양자화 방법을 제안하였다. 모의 실험 결과 제안한 방법은 일반적인 MPEG에 비해 블로킹 현상을 줄여서 개선된 복원 화질을 보였다